Notoreas hexaleuca
| Notoreas hexaleuca | |
|---|---|
| |
| Female | |
| |
| Male | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Geometridae |
| Genus: | Notoreas |
| Species: | N. hexaleuca
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| Binomial name | |
| Notoreas hexaleuca | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Notoreas hexaleuca is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. This species is endemic to New Zealand.
Taxonomy
[edit]This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1914 using material collected at Ben Lomond in November by Alfred Philpott.[3][4] As Meyrick only had a female specimen to work with, he provisionally placed the species in the genus Dasyuris and named it Dasyuris hexaleuca. After the discovery of a male of the species, Philpott placed the species within the genus Notoreas.[5] George Hudson discussed N. hexaleuca in his book The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand.[4] Hudson went on to illustrate the species and discuss it further in his supplement to that work published in 1939.[6]
The genus Notoreas was reviewed in 1986 by R. C. Craw and the placement of this species within it was confirmed.[7] However species within the genus Notoreas are currently regarded as being in need of revision.[8] The holotype specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London.[2]
Description
[edit]Meyrick described the species as follows:
♀︎. 18 mm. Head and palpi white mixed with black. Thorax black with a white line on each side of back. Abdomen black sprinkled with white, segmental margins white. Forewings triangular, termen bowed, rather oblique; black; six ochreous-white transverse lines, first cloudy, ill defined, second and third nearly straight, third rather thick, fourth fine, angulated in disc, fifth thick, rather curved outwards in disc, sixth slender, curved, very near termen on lower half; a transverse ochreous-white mark in disc between third and fourth: cilia white barred with dark grey. Hindwings with termen rounded; blackish; basal area irrorated with white; three ochreous-white transverse streaks, first before middle, narrow, somewhat angulated in disc, with a distinct prominence from angle, second at 2⁄3, rather broad, bent in disc, third narrow, rather waved, curved, prae-terminal: cilia whitish, barred with dark grey on basal half, and with extreme base irregularly dark fuscous.[3]
N. hexaleuca is similar in appearance to N. isoleuca and N. mechanitis. It can be distinguished from N. isoleuca as it has a less hairy thorax.[4] N. hexaleuca also has visually different curved or straight lines on its forewings giving it a lighter appearance than N. isoleuca.[4][6] N. hexaleuca can be distinguished from N. mechanitis as it is smaller in size and has longer pectinations on its antennae.[4]
Distribution
[edit]This species is endemic to New Zealand.[9][1] Other than the type locality of Ben Lomond, N. hexaleuca has also been found at Flagstaff hill in Dunedin, at Mount Cook, at Skelmorlie Peak near Lake Te Anau, at Cluden Station near Tarras, in the Kakanui Mountains and at Mount Herbert.[4][6][10][11][12]
Biology and behaviour
[edit]This species is on the wing from November to March.[4]
Habitat and host species
[edit]This species prefers open hillside habitat and can be found at elevations of between 300 and 1000 metres.[4] It has also been found in alpine wetland habitat at elevations of between 950 and 1500 metres.[11] Larvae of this species have been found to feed on Kelleria species and in particular Kelleria paludosa.[13][11]
References
[edit]
- ^ a b "Notoreas hexaleuca (Meyrick, 1914)". www.nzor.org.nz. Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research. Retrieved 2018-12-06.
- ^ a b Dugdale, John S. (1988-09-23). Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa (PDF). Vol. 14. pp. 1–264. ISBN 978-0-477-02518-8. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-01-27. Retrieved 2018-12-07 – via Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ^ a b Meyrick, Edward (1914). "Descriptions of New Zealand Lepidoptera". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 46: 101–118 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Hudson, G. V. (1928). The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand. Wellington: Ferguson & Osborn Ltd. p. 125. OCLC 25449322.
- ^ Philpott, Alfred (1917). "A list of the Lepidoptera of Otago". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 49: 195–238 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ a b c Hudson, G. V. (1939). A Supplement to the Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand. Wellington: Ferguson & Osborn Ltd. p. 411. OCLC 221041540. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
- ^ Craw, R.C. (5 January 2012). "Review of the genus Notoreas (sensu auctorum) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae)". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 13 (1): 131–140. doi:10.1080/03014223.1986.10422654.
- ^ Hoare, R. J. B; Rhode, B.E.; Emmerson, A.W. (2011). "Larger moths of New Zealand: Image gallery and online guide". Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research. Retrieved 13 November 2018.
- ^ Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia: chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 460. ISBN 978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC 973607714. OL 25288394M. Wikidata Q45922947.
- ^ Department of Conservation (February 2005). Part 1 Conservation Resources Report. Cluden Station Crown Pastoral Land Tenure Review (Report). p. 76. Archived from the original on 2018-02-05. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
- ^ a b c Patrick, B.H. (1991). Insects of the Dansey Ecological District (PDF). Wellington [N.Z.]: Department of Conservation. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-478-01285-9. ISSN 0113-3713. Retrieved 8 December 2017.
- ^ Patrick, Brian (Autumn 2015). "Discovering New Zealand's gorgeous moths" (PDF). Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand. New Zealand: Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand Trust. p. 13. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
- ^ "PlantSynz - Invertebrate herbivore biodiversity assessment tool: Database". plant-synz.landcareresearch.co.nz. Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research. Retrieved 2018-12-07.