Olivellinae

Olivellinae
	Olivella biplicata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
(unranked):	clade Caenogastropoda; clade Hypsogastropoda; clade Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Olivoidea
Family:	Olivellidae; Troschel, 1869
Genera
	See text.

Olivellidae, common name the "dwarf olives", are a family of small predatory sea snails with smooth, shiny, elongated oval-shaped shells. The shells sometimes show muted but attractive colors, and may have some patterning.

These animals are marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Olivoidea, within the clade Neogastropoda according to the taxonomy of Bouchet and Rocroi.

Taxonomy

This group was previously placed within the family Olividae, the olives. According to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) the family Olivellidae has no subfamilies.

Distribution

Olivella snails are found worldwide, in subtropical and tropical seas and oceans.

Habitat and habit

These snails are found on sandy substrates intertidally and subtidally. These snails are all carnivorous sand-burrowers.

Shell description

The shells are basically oval and cylindrical in shape. They have a well-developed stepped spire. Olivella shells have a siphonal notch at the posterior end of the long narrow aperture. The siphon of the living animal protrudes from the siphon notch.

The shell surface is extremely glossy because in life the mantle almost always covers the shell.^[1]^[2]

The fossil record

Olive shells first appeared during the Campanian.^[3]

Genera

Janaoliva Sterba & Lorenz, 2005
Olivella
Olivellopsis Thiele, 1929

Genera brought into synonymy

Dactylidia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of Olivella Swainson, 1831
Janoliva [sic]: synonym of Janaoliva Sterba & Lorenz, 2005

References

^ Washington State University Tri-Cities Natural History Museum (2001). Family: Olividae (Olive Shells). Retrieved on 12 July 2006.
^ Vermeij, Geerat J (3 April 1995). A Natural History of Shells. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00167-7. pps. 89, 100, 114.
^ Vermeij, Geerat J (1 September 1993). Evolution and Escalation. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00080-8. p.182.

[1] Washington State University Tri-Cities Natural History Museum (2001). Family: Olividae (Olive Shells). Retrieved on 12 July 2006.

[2] Vermeij, Geerat J (3 April 1995). A Natural History of Shells. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00167-7. pps. 89, 100, 114.

[3] Vermeij, Geerat J (1 September 1993). Evolution and Escalation. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00080-8. p.182.

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