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-{{Infobox Occupation
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-| name= Police officer
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-| image= [[Image:SA police force.jpg|240px]]
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-| caption= Police officers in [[South Australia]]
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-| official_names=
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-<!------------Details------------------->
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-| type=
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-| activity_sector= [[Law enforcement agency|Law enforcement]]
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-| competencies= Physical fitness, sense of justice
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-| formation= Secondary or tertiary education
-| employment_field= Public areas
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-| related_occupation= [[gendarmerie]], [[military police]], [[security guard]], [[bodyguard]]
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-| average_salary=
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-}}
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-[[Image:HH Polizeihauptmeister MZ.jpg|thumb|[[Germany|German]] [[Landespolizei|state police]] officer in [[Hamburg]]]]
+w
-[[Image:Mountie-on-Parliament-Hill.jpg|thumb|A [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] officer in the force's distinctive dress uniform.]]
+e
-[[Image:HamburgPoliceman.jpg|thumb|A [[Hamburg]] policeman writes a traffic ticket.]]
-A '''police officer''' (also known as a '''policeman''' or '''policewoman''' and sometimes '''constable''', particularly in [[Australia]]) is a [[Warrant (law)|warranted]] employee of a [[police force]]. Police officers are generally responsible for apprehending [[criminal]]s, maintaining public order, and preventing and detecting [[crimes]]. Police officers are sworn to an [[Police oath|oath]], and are granted the power to arrest and imprison suspects, along with other practices.
-Some police officers may also be trained in special duties such as; [[counter-terrorism]], [[surveillance]], [[child protection]], [[Very Important Person|VIP]] [[Protective security units|protection]], and investigation techniques into major crime, such as [[fraud]], [[rape]], [[murder]] or [[drug trafficking]].
-==Work as a police officer ==
-Responsibilities of a police officer are broad, changing from country to country. Common responsibilities include keeping of the peace, enforcement of the law, protection of the public and property, and the investigation of crimes. Officers are expected to be able to respond to a variety of situations that may arise while they are on duty. Rules and guidelines dictate how an officer should act towards the public and in the community, and some countries have restrictions placed on what the uniform officer wears. In some countries, [[rulemaking|rules and procedures]] dictate that a police officer is obliged to intervene in a criminal incident, even if they are off-duty. Police officers in nearly all countries retain their lawful powers, while off duty.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}
-==Function in the community==
-In the majority of [[Western world|Western]] legal systems, the major role of the police is to maintain order, keeping the peace through the enforcement of the law. They also function to [[Deterrence (psychological)|discourage]] crimes through high-visibility policing, and most police forces have an investigative capability. Police have the legal authority of arrest, usually granted to them by magistrates. Police officers also respond to emergency calls, along with routine [[community policing]].
-Police are often used as an [[emergency service]] and may provide a public safety function at large gatherings, as well as in emergencies, [[Emergency preparedness|disasters]], [[search and rescue]] situations, and [[Car accident|Road Traffic Collisions]]. To provide a prompt response in emergencies, the police often coordinate their operations with [[firefighting|fire]] and [[emergency medical service]]s. In some countries, individuals serve jointly as police officers as well as firefighters (creating the role of [[Fire Police]]) or paramedics. In many countries there is a common [[emergency service number]] that allows the police, firefighters, or medical services to be summoned to an emergency. Some countries, such as the [[United Kingdom]] have outlined command procedures, for the use in major emergencies or disorder. The [[Gold Silver Bronze command structure]] is a system set up to improve communications between ground based officers and the control room, typically, Bronze Commander would be a senior officer on the ground, coordinating the efforts in the center of the emergency, Silver Commanders would be positioned in an 'Incident Control Room' erected to improve better communications at the scene, and a Gold Commander who would be in the Control Room.
-Police are also responsible for reprimanding minor offenders by issuing [[summons|citations]] which typically may result in the imposition of [[Fine (penalty)|fines]], particularly for violations of [[traffic]] law. Traffic enforcement is often and effectively accomplished by police officers on [[motorcycles]] &mdash; called ''motor officers,'' these officers refer to the motorcycles they ride on duty as simply ''motors.'' Police are also trained to assist persons in distress, such motorists whose car has broken down and people experiencing a medical emergency. Police are typically trained in basic [[First aid]] such as [[CPR]].
-In addition, some [[park ranger]]s are commissioned as law enforcement officers and carry out a law-enforcement role within [[national park]]s and other back-country wilderness and recreational areas, whereas [[Military police]] perform law enforcement functions within the military.
-== Qualifications ==
-In most countries, candidates for the police force must have completed some formal education. Increasing numbers of people are joining the police force who possess [[tertiary education]] and in response to this many police forces have developed a "fast-track" scheme whereby those with [[university degree]]s spend two to three years as a Police [[Constable]] before receiving promotion to higher ranks, such as [[Sergeant]]s or [[Inspector]]s.  (Officers who work within investigative divisions or plainclothes are not necessarily of a higher rank but merely have different duties.) Police officers are also recruited from those with experience in the military or security services. Most law enforcement agencies now have measurable [[physical fitness]] requirements for officers. In the United States [[U.S. state|state]] laws may [[Codification (law)|codify]] state-wide qualification standards regarding age, education, criminal record, and training but in other places requirements are set by local police agencies.
-Police agencies are usually semi-[[military]] in organization{{Citation needed|date=March 2009}}, so that with specified experience or training qualifications officers become eligible for promotion to a higher [[supervisor]]y rank, such as [[sergeant]]. Promotion is not automatic and usually requires the candidate to pass some kind of examination, interview board or other selection procedure. Although promotion normally includes an increase in [[salary]], it also brings with it an increase in responsibility and for most, an increase in administrative paperwork. Unlike military service, it is not unusual for police officers to remain or choose to remain at lower levels, choosing not to apply for promotion. There is no stigma attached to this, as experienced line patrol officers are highly regarded.
-[[Image:Motor-officer.jpg|thumb|left|A ''motor officer'' patrolling in Arizona on a motorcycle.]]
-After completing two years of service, officers may also apply for specialist positions, such as [[detective]], [[police dog]] handler, [[mounted police]] officer, [[motorcycle officer]], [[water police]] officer, or [[firearms officer]] (in countries where police are not routinely armed).
-In some countries such as in [[Singapore]], police ranks may also be supplemented through [[conscription]], similar to [[national service]] in the military. Qualifications may thus be relaxed or enhanced depending on the target mix of conscripts. In [[Singapore]], for example, conscripts face tougher physical requirements in areas such as eyesight, but are less stringent with minimum academic qualification requirements. Some police officers also join as volunteers, who again may do so via differing qualification requirements.
-{{-}}
-== Dangers and rewards of the profession ==
-<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:TheGuardianByBobPackSugarLandTX.JPG|thumb|"The Guardian," a statue by Bob Pack at the Police and Courts Building in [[Sugar Land, Texas|Sugar Land]], [[Texas]], [[United States]]]] -->
-{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2008}}
-Although it is commonly believed that the job of police officer is dangerous, this is not exactly the case. Data gathered on job-related deaths indicates that there are dozens of professions which are potentially more lethal than being a police officer.<ref>US Dept of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
-Safety and Health Statistics. National Census of
-Fatal Occupational Injuries, 2007. Available at:
-http://www.bls.gov/iif/oshwc/cfoi/cfch0007.pdf. Accessed
-September 21, 2007.</ref>
-== Line of duty deaths ==
-[[File:PoliceofficermemorialHoustonTX.JPG|thumb|Memorial to a fallen police officer at the [[Texas Department of Public Safety]] Houston Webster Office in [[Houston]]<ref>"[http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/director_staff/public_information/pr102908.pdf Houston Dacoma Driver License office to close for expansion]." [[Texas Department of Public Safety]]. October 29, 2008. Retrieved on June 16, 2009.</ref><!--Reference is to confirm that the Webster office is in Houston, *not* Webster-->]]
-Line of duty deaths are deaths which occur while an officer is conducting his or her appointed duties. Despite the increased risk of being a victim of a homicide, automobile accidents are the most common cause of officer deaths. Officers are more likely to be involved in traffic accidents because of their large amount of time spent conducting vehicle patrols, or directing traffic, as well as their work outside their vehicles alongside or on the roadway, or in dangerous pursuits. Officers killed by suspects make up a smaller proportion of deaths. In the U.S. in 2005, 156 line of duty deaths were recorded of which 44% were from assaults on officers, 35% vehicle related (only 3% during vehicular pursuits) and the rest from other causes: heart attacks during arrests/foot pursuits, diseases contracted from suspects, accidental gun discharges, falls, and drownings.<ref>[http://www.odmp.org/year.php?year=2005 Honoring Officers Killed in the Year 2005]</ref>
-Police officers who die in the line of duty, especially those who die from the actions of suspects, are often given elaborate funerals, attended by large numbers of fellow officers. Their families may also be entitled to special pensions. Fallen officers are often remembered in public memorials, such as the [[National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial]] in the U.S., the [[National Police Memorial]] in the U.K. and the Scottish Police Memorial, at the [[Scottish Police College]].
-,838 law enforcement officers are known to have died in the line of duty in the [[United States]]. However, this figure is misleading because this includes all deaths of police officers, not just those that occurred as a result of performing their duties. For example, if an active duty police officer suffers a heart attack, then he is said to have died in the line of duty.{{When|date=March 2009}} In [[Canada]], 809 law enforcement officers met a similar fate. {{When|date=March 2009}} In the [[United Kingdom]], about 3,600 law enforcement officers are known to have died in the line of duty.{{When|date=March 2009}} The [[Singapore Police Force]] registered [[List of Singapore police officers killed in the line of duty|just over 100 deaths]] in a century up to the year 2000. There have been 28 [[List of New Zealand police officers killed in the line of duty|New Zealand police officers killed]] by criminal act since 1890.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10531709|title=Policeman 28th killed in line of duty |date=11 September 2008|publisher=New Zealand Herald|accessdate=2009-01-15}}</ref> Despite perceived dangers, policing has never been listed among the top ten most dangerous jobs in America. In terms of deaths per capita, driver-sales work such as pizza delivery is a more dangerous profession than being a police officer.<ref>http://moneycentral.msn.com/content/invest/extra/P63405.asp</ref>
-==See also ==
-{{Commons category|Police officers}}
-*[[Police Officer Ranks]]
-*[[Peace officer]]
-*[[Military police]]
-*[[:Category:Fictional police officers|Fictional police officers]]
-*[[Police brutality]]
-*[[Cops (TV series)]]
-*[[Police procedural]]
-*President [[Grover Cleveland]] - former [[Sheriffs in the United States|Sheriff]] of [[Erie County, New York]]
-*President [[Theodore Roosevelt]] - [[Deputy Sheriff]] in the [[Dakota territory]] and [[New York City Police Commissioner]].
-*[[List of slang terms for police officers]]
-==References==
-{{No footnotes|date=July 2009}}
-{{reflist}}
-== External links ==
-* http://www.discoverpolicing.org
-* [http://www.met.police.uk/history/ Metropolitan Police history]
-* http://www.newscotlandyard.police.uk/foi/pdfs/other_information/corporate/operational_uniform_and_equipment.pdf
-* http://www.west-midlands.police.uk/publications/freedom-of-information/policy.asp?id=144
-* http://www.gmp.police.uk/mainsite/pages/pcsouniform.htm,ts=2
-* http://www.policelink.com
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Police Officer}}
-[[Category:Law enforcement occupations]]
-[[Category:People in law enforcement]]
-[[Category:Law enforcement titles]]
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