Porrhothele
| Porrhothele | |
|---|---|
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| |
| P. antipodiana | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Family: | Porrhothelidae Hedin et al., 2018[2] |
| Genus: | Porrhothele Simon, 1892[1] |
| Type species | |
| Mygale antipodiana Walckenaer, 1837
| |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Diversity | |
| 5 species | |
Porrhothele is a mygalomorph spider genus with five described species, all endemic to New Zealand. Before 1980, this genus was considered to belong to the family Dipluridae; later it was moved to Hexathelidae. In 2018, it was placed in its own family, Porrhothelidae.[1]
Description
The genus and family are differentiated from other mygalomorph spiders by the small posterior sigillae and a single row of teeth on the forward-facing margin of the chelicerae. Males have a large number of strong spines on the forward-facing margin of their tibiae.[3]
Taxonomy
The genus Porrhothele was erected by Eugène Simon in 1892 for the species Porrhothele antipodiana, which Simon transferred from Mygale[1] – a genus no longer in use, but then used for many mygalomorph spiders. Simon placed the genus in the subfamily Diplurinae,[4] which later became the family Dipluridae. In 1980, Raven transferred the genus to the family Hexathelidae; in 1981, it was transferred to its own family, Porrhothelidae,[1] as a result of a molecular phylogenetic study. The following cladogram shows the possible relationship of Porrhothele to related taxa.[3]
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Species
As of May 2018[update], the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:[1]
- Porrhothele antipodiana (Walckenaer, 1837)
- Porrhothele blanda Forster, 1968
- Porrhothele moana Forster, 1968
- Porrhothele modesta Forster, 1968
- Porrhothele quadrigyna Forster, 1968
Distribution
All species are endemic to New Zealand.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Gen. Porrhothele Simon, 1892", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2018-05-15
- ^ "Family Porrhothelidae Hedin, Derkarabetian, Ramírez, Vink & Bond, 2018", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2018-05-25
- ^ a b Hedin, M.; Derkarabetian, S.; Ramírez, M.J.; Vink, C.; Bond, J.E. (2018), "Phylogenomic reclassification of the world's most venomous spiders (Mygalomorphae, Atracinae), with implications for venom evolution", Scientific Reports, 8 (1636): 1–7, doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19946-2
{{citation}}: Unknown parameter|lastauthoramp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) - ^ Simon, E. (1892), Histoire naturelle des araignées, vol. 1, Paris, pp. 174ff.
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