Promachocrinus

Promachocrinus
	Promachocrinus kerguelensis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Echinodermata
Class:	Crinoidea
Order:	Comatulida
Family:	Antedonidae
Genus:	Promachocrinus; Carpenter, 1879

Promachocrinus is a genus of free-swimming, stemless crinoids. It was a monotypic genus, with the only species in the genus being Promachocrinus kerguelensis, until the discovery of four new species, establishment of two others previously described and the transfer of another species to the genus in 2023.^[2] Known for being coldwater crinoids, members of Promachocrinus are typically found in the seas around Antarctica and surrounding island groups, including under the sea ice.^[3] Previously known for having 20 arms, two of the species now included in the genus have 10 arms. Many of the species are circum-Antarctic and can be difficult to tell apart without DNA sequencing.^[4]

Species

There are eight accepted species of Promachocrinus as of August 2023:

Promachocrinus fragarius McLaughlin, Wilson and Rouse 2023
Promachocrinus joubini Vaney, 1910
Promachocrinus kerguelensis Carpenter, 1879; Type species
Promachocrinus mawsoni (Clark, 1937)
Promachocrinus unruhi McLaughlin, Wilson and Rouse 2023
Promachocrinus uskglassi McLaughlin, Wilson and Rouse 2023
Promachocrinus vanhoeffenianus Minckert, 1905
Promachocrinus wattsorum McLaughlin, Wilson and Rouse 2023

References

^ Messing, Charles (2012). "Promachocrinus Carpenter, 1879". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
^ McLaughlin, Emily L.; Wilson, Nerida G.; Rouse, Greg W. (2023-07-14). "Resolving the taxonomy of the Antarctic feather star species complex Promachocrinus 'kerguelensis' (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)". Invertebrate Systematics. 37 (7): 498–527. doi:10.1071/IS22057. ISSN 1447-2600. S2CID 259910672.
^ Ballesta, Laurent (1 July 2017). "Deepest Dive Ever Under Antarctica Reveals a Shockingly Vibrant World". National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on June 22, 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
^ McLaughlin, Emily L.; Wilson, Nerida G.; Rouse, Greg W. (2023-07-14). "Resolving the taxonomy of the Antarctic feather star species complex Promachocrinus 'kerguelensis' (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)". Invertebrate Systematics. 37 (7): 498–527. doi:10.1071/IS22057. ISSN 1447-2600. S2CID 259910672.

[1] Messing, Charles (2012). "Promachocrinus Carpenter, 1879". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 11 March 2019.

[2] McLaughlin, Emily L.; Wilson, Nerida G.; Rouse, Greg W. (2023-07-14). "Resolving the taxonomy of the Antarctic feather star species complex Promachocrinus 'kerguelensis' (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)". Invertebrate Systematics. 37 (7): 498–527. doi:10.1071/IS22057. ISSN 1447-2600. S2CID 259910672.

[3] Ballesta, Laurent (1 July 2017). "Deepest Dive Ever Under Antarctica Reveals a Shockingly Vibrant World". National Geographic Society. Archived from the original on June 22, 2017. Retrieved 11 March 2019.

[4] McLaughlin, Emily L.; Wilson, Nerida G.; Rouse, Greg W. (2023-07-14). "Resolving the taxonomy of the Antarctic feather star species complex Promachocrinus 'kerguelensis' (Echinodermata: Crinoidea)". Invertebrate Systematics. 37 (7): 498–527. doi:10.1071/IS22057. ISSN 1447-2600. S2CID 259910672.

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