Reissue

For the reissuing of print material see Reprint

In the music industry, a reissue (also re-release, repackage, or re-edition) is the release of an album or single which has been released at least once before, sometimes with alterations or additions.

Reasons for reissue

New audio formats

Recordings originally released in an audio format that has become technologically or commercially obsolete are reissued in new formats. For example, thousands of original vinyl albums have been reissued on CDs since introduction of that format in the early 1980s. More recently, many albums originally released on CD or earlier formats have been reissued on SACD or DVD-Audio.

Budget records

Beginning with Pickwick Records, which acquired the rights to reissue many of Capitol Records' non-current albums at a low price in venues other than record stores, several record companies started "budget" or "drugstore records" subsidiaries to sell their deleted items at lower prices.

New ownership

When one record label buys out another record label or acquires an individual recording artist's back catalogue, their albums are often reissued on the purchasing label. For example, Polydor Records reissued many of James Brown's albums which were originally released on his former label, King Records. King Records had itself previously reissued albums and singles by Brown that were originally recorded for its subsidiary label, Federal Records.

Strong or weak sales

Recordings are reissued to meet continuing demand for an album that continues to be popular after its original release. In other cases, albums are reissued to create interest in and hopefully revive the sales of a release which has sold poorly. For example, the heavy metal label Roadrunner Records is notorious for reissuing their artist's works' only months after releasing the original album. According to US music magazine Billboard, reissues target "casual consumers who hadn't picked up the album when it was originally released, as well as obsessives who need to own every song in an artist's catalog."

Special, Limited and Commemorative Editions

Some recordings are reissued to celebrate their popularity, influence, or an anniversary of the artist or the recording.

Track controversy and revisionism

Some recordings are reissued soon after their original release because one of the tracks was seen in a negative light. Cop Killer by Body Count was one such example.

Some recordings are remixed and reissued in an effort to erase prior band member’s contributions. Two such examples were Ozzy Osbourne’s Blizzard of Ozz and Diary of a Madman.

Alterations

Common additions to reissued albums include:

• Audio remastering
• Inclusion of bonus tracks or multimedia content
• New liner notes
• New album art or packaging
• Modifiers in the title such as "Special Edition" or "Expanded Version"

Reissues and certification

For the purposes of quantifying sales, an album's original and subsequent releases are counted together. For example, if an album sold 300,000 of its original release and 700,000 in subsequent reissues, it would be entitled to platinum certification. However, the musical contents of the original disc must remain the same on a reissue for it to count towards certification.

Reissue labels

Some record labels specialize in reissuing recordings originally released on other labels. Three of the biggest reissue labels are Rhino Records, Hip-O Records, and Legacy Recordings. Each of these companies reissues material from the labels of a major music conglomerate: Warner Music Group, Universal Music Group, and Sony BMG, respectively. Collectables Records is another prolific reissue label that licenses recordings from other labels.