Rosebud Indian Reservation: Difference between revisions
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* Quorum: 11 members |
* Quorum: 11 members |
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==Education and media== |
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* Tribal College: [[Sinte Gleska University]], Mission, SD |
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* Radio: KINI 96.1 FM, St. Francis, SD |
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* Newspaper: ''Todd County Tribune'', Mission, SD |
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* Schools: St. Francis Indian School (Sicangu Oyate Ho, Inc.) |
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==Notable leaders== |
==Notable leaders== |
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Revision as of 15:41, 16 November 2010
Rosebud Indian Reservation | |
|---|---|
 Location of Rosebud Indian Reservation, South Dakota | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Dakota |
| Counties | Todd / Mellette / Tripp / Gregory / Lyman |
| Established | 1889 |
| Government | |
| • Governing Body | Rosebud Sioux Tribal Council |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1,970.362 sq mi (5,103.214 km2) |
| Population (2000) | |
| • Total | 21,245 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Website | Rosebud Sioux Tribe |
The Rosebud Indian Reservation (RIR) is an Indian reservation in South Dakota, United States. It is the home of the Sicangu Oyate, also known as Sicangu Lakota, the Upper Brulé Sioux Nation, and the Rosebud Sioux Tribe (RST), a branch of the Lakota people. Sicangu Oyate translates from Lakota to English as "Burnt Thigh Nation"; it is sometimes translated via French as "Brulé Sioux".
The Rosebud Indian Reservation was established in 1889 by the partition of the Great Sioux reservation created to cover all of West River, South Dakota in 1868.
Geography and population
The RIR is located in south central South Dakota, and presently includes within its recognized border all of Todd County, an unincorporated county of South Dakota. However, the Oyate also has communities and extensive lands and populations in the four adjacent counties which were once inside the Rosebud Sioux Tribe (RST) boundaries: Tripp, Lyman, Mellette, and Gregory Counties, all in South Dakota. Mellette County, especially, has extensive off-reservation trust land, comprising 33.35 percent of its land area, and with 40.23 percent of its population living on it. The total land area of the reservation with its trust lands is 1,970.362 sq mi (5,103.214 km²) with a population of 10,469 in the 2000 census. The main reservation (Todd County) has a land area of 1,388.124 sq mi (3,595.225 km²) and a population of 9,050. The RIR is bounded on the south by Cherry County, Nebraska, on the west by the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, on the north by the White River, and originally, on the east by the Missouri River.
The Oyate capital is the unincorporated town of Rosebud, established when the Spotted Tail Indian Agency was moved from northwestern Nebraska to the banks of Rosebud Creek near its confluence with the Little White River. The largest town on the reservation is Mission, located at the intersections of US Highways 18 and 83. Mission's near neighbor of Antelope is one of the many tribal band communities established in the late 1870s and growing since then. Other major towns in the reservation are Saint Francis, located southwest of Rosebud and the home of Saint Francis Indian School, a private institution. Saint Francis, with a current population of about 2000, is the largest incorporated town in South Dakota without a state highway for access.
The RST is the home of the tribally owned and operated Rosebud Casino, located on U.S. Route 83 just north of the Nebraska border. Nearby is a fuel plaza, featuring truck parking and a convenience store, while power for the casino is furnished in part by one of the nation's first tribally owned electrical-generating windmills, and a new Indian community is being built just to the north.
Located on the Great Plains, just north of the Nebraska Sandhills, Rosebud Indian Reservation has large areas of Ponderosa Pine forest scattered in its grasslands. Deep valleys are defined by steep hills and ravines, often with lakes dotting the deeper valleys.
The RST population is estimated at 25,000 (2005). It is supported by the Oyate administration and agencies, as well as the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Rosebud Agency, Todd County School District, Saint Francis Indian School, the Rosebud Indian Health Service Hospital, and Sinte Gleska University.
General information
- Land Area: 882,416 acres (3,571.01 km2)
- Tribal headquarters: Rosebud, South Dakota
- Time zone: Central
- Traditional language: Lakota language
- Enrolled members living on reservation: 21,245
- Major employers: Rosebud Sioux Tribe, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Todd County School District
Government
- Law: charter, constitution, and bylaws (approved November 23, 1935)
- Governing Body: Rosebud Sioux Tribal Council (20 members)
- Executive Officers: President, Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and Sergeant-At-Arms
Elections
- Primary elections, fourth Thursday of August; general elections, fourth Thursday of October
- President and vice-president elected at large for two year terms; Tribal Council elected from members' districts every two years; Council appoints the secretary, treasurer, and sergeant-at-arms
- Number of election districts: 13
- Proportion of representatives: one representative per 750 members
Council meetings
- Meetings are held once a month the second Wednesday and Thursday.
- Quorum: 11 members
they talked about putiing it in each others asses
Notable leaders
- Benjamin "Ben" Reifel (1906-1990), five-term U.S. Congressman, was born near Parmelee on the Rosebud Reservation. During his lifetime, he worked for the Bureau of Indian Affairs, served in the U.S. Army, and received a doctoral degree from Harvard University. Reifel ran for office in 1960 and served until his retirement in 1971.
- Chief Spotted Tail (Sinte Gleska, 1823-1881), a member of the Sioux tribe and a relative of Crazy Horse, distinguished himself as a warrior in battles with the Pawnee. On August 19, 1854, Spotted Tail led an attack on a mail wagon on its way to Salt Lake City. Lieutenant John L. Grattan and his men were killed during the fighting. Spotted Tail was caught on 18th October but after spending time at Fort Laramie and Leavenworth was allowed to go free. This experience turned him into the leader of the peace faction of the Sioux tribe. In March 1866 Spotted Tail began negotiations at Fort Laramie and eventually signed a peace treaty with the American government on 27th June, 1866. As a result Spotted Tail and his followers were given permission to hunt buffalo along the Republican River. In 1868 Spotted Tail signed another treaty. Unable to read the document he was fooled into signing away Sioux lands along the Republican and the Platte. The Sioux were now forced to move 30 miles (48 km) to the west. Unhappy with his leadership, on 29th October, 1869, a group led by Big Mouth, tried to kill Spotted Tail. He survived the attack and Big Mouth was executed. In 1870 Spotted Tail and Red Cloud visited Washington where peace negotiations led to the Sioux being allowed to move to the upper White River. In 1873 Spotted Tail took part in a raid on a Pawnee camp that resulted in the deaths of over 100 men. Spotted Tail kept his followers out of the hostilities that led to the battle of Little Bighorn. However, later that year he was forced to sign a treaty that gave away the Black Hills of Dakota to the American government. Spotted Tail was murdered by Crow Dog on 5th August, 1881.
Communities
There are 24 communities on the Rosebud Sioux Reservation:
Trivia
- The Price Is Right television show host Bob Barker grew up on the reservation,[2] where his mother was a teacher.
References
- ^ "Native American Heritage Month: S.F. gallery director wins praise for breaking with past." San Francisco Chronicle. 12 Nov 1995 (retrieved 20 Dec 2009)
- ^ http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090729/ap_en_tv/us_people_barker