Russian submarine Bars
 Russian submarine Bars
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Russian Empire | |
| Name | Bars |
| Namesake | Leopard[1] |
| Launched | 2 June 1915 |
| Commissioned | 12 July 1915 |
| Fate | Lost May 1917; cause undetermined * |
| General characteristics [2] | |
| Class and type | Bars class submarine |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 223 ft (68.0 m) |
| Beam | 15 ft (4.57 m) |
| Draft | 13 ft (3.96 m) |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed |
|
| Range | 3,065 nmi (5,676 km)[3] |
| Complement | 33 |
| Armament |
|
Russian submarine Bars ("Leopard"[1]) was a warship, the lead submarine of her class, built for the Imperial Russian Navy during the First World War. She was active in the Baltic and was lost there in 1917.
Design[edit]
Bars was ordered under the 1913 Programme for the Baltic Fleet, and was laid down at the Baltic shipyard in St. Petersburg. She was powered by diesel/electric propulsion, though a shortage of diesel engines meant the boats were equipped with a variety of machinery, as it became available. Armament, too, varied as to availability; Bars was armed with 1х75 mm and 1x 57 mm/50 gun,[3] Conway states about 2 x 63 mm guns.[2]
The design originally had external torpedoes as well as internal torpedo tubes; these were carried in drop-collars in recessed niches low in the hull. Trials with Bars showed these to be unsuitable and subsequent vessels had the niches and drop-collars moved to the upper deck; Bars was refitted to this pattern in 1916.
Bars was launched on 2 June 1915 and entered service the following month.[2]
Service history[edit]
Bars entered service with the Baltic Fleet on 12 July 1915. She undertook 14 war patrols in the Baltic, targeting German warships during the 1915 ice-free season, but with little success.[4]
In 1916 she was employed attacking German iron-ore shipments along the Swedish coast, though again with little success, due to the restrictions imposed by Swedish neutrality.[5]
Fate[edit]
On May 1917, Bars left port on her last patrol, and did not return. It is suggested by some that she was sunk in a depth-charge attack by German patrol boats on 28 May 1917,[2] though other sources suggest she was lost in a minefield off Norrköping.[6] The actual cause of her loss is unknown. In 1993, wreck of Bars was found and identified near Gotska Sandön at the depth 120 m.
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- Gardiner R, Gray R (1985) Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921 ISBN 085177 245 5
- Halpern, Paul (1994) A Naval History of World War I US Naval Institute ISBN 1-85728-498-4
External links[edit]
- Bars at deepstorm.ru (Russian)
- Loss of submarine Bars at dive-tek.ru (Russian)