Sadleria cyatheoides

Sadleria cyatheoides, commonly known as amaumau fern^[2] or ʻamaʻu, is a fern species in the family Blechnaceae, in the eupolypods II clade^[3] of the order Polypodiales,^[4] in the class Polypodiopsida.^[5] It is endemic to Hawaii and inhabits lava flows, open areas, and wet forests on all major islands up to an altitude of 1,676 m (5,499 ft). Reaching a height of 0.9–1.5 m (3.0–4.9 ft) and a trunk diameter of 7.5–10 cm (3.0–3.9 in), ʻamaʻu resembles a small tree fern. Kīlauea's Halemaʻumaʻu Crater is named for this species.^[6]

Description

The young fronds are often tinged red to block harmful rays from the sun.^[7]

^ "Sadleria cyatheoides, Sadleria cyatheoides". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Sadleria cyatheoides". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
^ Carl J. Rothfels; Anders Larsson; Li-Yaung Kuo; Petra Korall; Wen- Liang Chiou; Kathleen M. Pryer (2012). "Overcoming Deep Roots, Fast Rates, and Short Internodes to Resolve the Ancient Rapid Radiation of Eupolypod II Ferns". Systematic Biology. 61 (1): 70. doi:10.1093/sysbio/sys001. PMID 22223449.
^ Maarten J. M. Christenhusz, Xian-Chun Zhang & Harald Schneider (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54.
^ Alan R. Smith, Kathleen M. Pryer, Eric Schuettpelz, Petra Korall, Harald Schneider & Paul G. Wolf (2006). "A classification for extant ferns" (PDF). Taxon. 55 (3): 705–731. doi:10.2307/25065646.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Little Jr., Elbert L.; Roger G. Skolmen (1989). "ʻAmaʻu, sadleria" (PDF). Common Forest Trees of Hawaii (Native and Introduced). United States Forest Service. Retrieved 2011-06-14.
^ Read on a sign in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park on 31.10.2013