Satratoxin-H
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
(2'R,4E,9R,10E,12Z,16R,16aS,18R,19aR,23aR,25R)-6,7,16,16a,19a,22-
hexahydro-25-hydroxy-9-((1S)-1-hydroxyethyl)-16a,21-dimethyl-spiro(5,9,16,18-dimethano- 1H,3H,23H-(1,6,12)trioxacyclooctadecino(3,4-d)(1)benzopyran-17(18H)-2'-oxirane)- 3,14(9H)-dione | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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ChemSpider | |
PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
C29H36O9 | |
Molar mass | 528.591 |
insoluble | |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards
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Highly toxic |
GHS labelling: | |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Satratoxin-H, a trichothecene mycotoxin, is a naturally occurring toxin produced by the ascomycetes Stachybotrys chartarum and Trichoderma cornu-damae which is highly toxic to humans and animals. The clinical condition it causes is known as Stachybotrotoxicosis. It is related to the mycotoxin T-2, but unlike T-2 has not been reported to have been used as a chemical weapon.
Properties
[edit]Satratoxin-H is almost completely insoluble in water, but is easily soluble in lower alcohols and polar solvents such as ethanol, methanol, 2-propanol, acetone and chloroform.[1]
Satratoxin-H is not officially classified as a chemical weapon. [citation needed]
Effects
[edit]Satratoxin-H is extremely versatile. Contact with the solution through ingestion, inhalation, or even prolonged physical contact produces symptoms similar to those listed below.
- a rash that becomes a moist dermatitis
- nosebleeds
- chest pain
- pulmonary hemorrhage (bleeding in the lungs)
- fever
- headache
- fatigue
However, if consumed in large quantities, it can be lethal. Satratoxin-H has little effect on bare skin, and does not blister it in the way many chemical weapons do. However, upon contact with sensitive surfaces (eyes, interior of mouth or nose), inflammation will occur.
Satratoxin-H has an LD50 for mice of 1.0-1.4 mg/kg, upon injection. Otherwise it is reported to be about five times as toxic as T-2.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Satratoxin H:essential data Archived 2007-05-05 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ A mycotoxin with punch!
- Croft, W. A.; Jarvis, B. B.; Yatawara, C. S. (1986). "Airborne outbreak of trichothecene toxicosis". Atmospheric Environment. 20 (3): 549–552. Bibcode:1986AtmEn..20..549C. doi:10.1016/0004-6981(86)90096-X.
- Nikulin, M.; Reijula, K.; Jarvis, B. B.; Veijalainen, P.; Hintikka, E. L. (1997). "Effects of Intranasal Exposure to Spores of Stachybotrys atra in Mice". Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. 35 (2): 182–188. doi:10.1093/toxsci/35.2.182. PMID 9038239.