Saumur: Difference between revisions
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{{For|the wine|Saumur (wine)}} |
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{{For|the Canadian Supreme Court decision|Saumur v. The City of Quebec}} |
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{{French commune| |
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name=Saumur<br>[[Image:Chauteau Saumur 2.jpg|270px]]<br><small>The [[château]] at Saumur</small> |
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|image_flag=Blason_ville_fr_Saumur_(Maine-et-Loire)_1.svg |
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|image_flag_size=120px |
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|flag_legend=City coat of arms from 1699 to 1985 |
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|image_coat_of_arms=Blason_ville_fr_Saumur_(Maine-et-Loire)_2.svg |
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|image_coat_of_arms_size=120px |
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|Coat_of_arms_legend=City coat of arms since 1986| |
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région=[[Pays de la Loire]] | |
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département=[[Maine-et-Loire]]| |
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arrondissement=Saumur| |
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canton=| |
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insee=49328| |
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postal_code=49400| |
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mayor=Jean-Michel Marchand| |
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term=2001-2008| |
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intercomm=[[Communauté d'agglomération de Saumur Loire Développement|Saumur Loire Développement]] |
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|latitude=47.260000 |
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|longitude=-0.076944 |
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|elevation_m=30| |
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elevation_min_m=20| |
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elevation_max_m=95| |
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hectares=6625| |
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area_km2=66.25| |
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population=29857| |
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date-population=1999| |
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density_km2=450.7| |
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date-density=1999}} |
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'''Saumur''' is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Maine-et-Loire]] [[Departments of France|department]] in western [[France]]. |
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The historic town is located between the [[Loire River|Loire]] and [[Thouet]] rivers, which join to the west of the town. |
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==History== |
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{{Refimprove|date=October 2008}} |
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Saumur is home to the [[Cadre Noir]], the École Nationale d'Équitation (National School of Horsemanship), known for its annual horse shows, as well as the [[Armoured Branch and Cavalry Training School]], the [[officer (armed forces)|officer]] school for [[armor]]ed forces ([[tank]]s). There is a tank museum, the [[Musée des Blindés]], with more than 850 armored vehicles, wheeled or tracked. Most of them are from France but some were made in other countries such as [[Brazil]], [[Germany]], or the [[Soviet Union]]. |
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The '''[[Amyraldism|School of Saumur]]''' is the name used to denote a distinctive form of [[Calvinism|Reformed theology]] taught by [[Moses Amyraut]] at the [[University of Saumur]] in the 17th century. Saumur is also the scene for Balzac's novel "Eugénie Grandet", written by the French author in 1833 and the title of a song from [[hard rock]] band [[Trust (band)|Trust]] (whose lyrics express their poor opinion of the city: narrow-minded, bourgeois and militaristic). |
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Saumur was the location of the [[Battle of Saumur (1793)]] during the [[Revolt in the Vendée]].HI Bethany |
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==World War II== |
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Saumur was the site of the [[Battle of Saumur (1940)]] during [[Battle of France|World War II]], and 1944 Tallboy and Azon bombing targets: |
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{| cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=1 align=center style="border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left;" |
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| colspan="6" bgcolor="silver" | '''Bombing of Saumur during World War II''' |
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|- |
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|- valign=top |
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! width=20% | Mission/Target |
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! width=13% | Date |
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! Result |
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|- |
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| Saumur railway tunnel |
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| [[June 8]]/9, 1944<ref name=saumur>{{cite web|last=|first=|url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/saumur.html|title=Saumer Tunnel, 9th June 1944|work=Royal Air Force Bomber Command 60th Anniversary|accessdate=2007-05-24|publisher=UK Crown}}</ref> |
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| The first use of [[Tallboy bomb]]s was against a railway tunnel near Saumur, 125 miles south of the battle area. The hasty night raid was to stop a planned German [[Panzer Division]] expected later through the tunnel. [[No. 83 Squadron RAF]] illuminated the area with flares by 4 [[Avro Lancaster]]s and marked the target at low level by 3 [[de Havilland Mosquito]]s. 25 Lancasters of [[No. 617 Squadron RAF]] then dropped their Tallboys with great accuracy; one pierced the roof of the tunnel, brought down a huge quantity of rock and soil, and blocked the tunnel for a considerable period, badly delaying the [[Panzer IV]]s.<ref name=diary>{{cite web|last=|first=|url=http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/diary.html|title=Campaign Diary|work=Royal Air Force Bomber Command 60th Anniversary|accessdate=2007-05-24|publisher=UK Crown}} '''1944''': [http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/jun44.html June], [http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/jul44.html July], [http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/aug44.html August], [http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/sep44.html September], [http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/oct44.html October], [http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/nov44.html November], [http://www.raf.mod.uk/bombercommand/dec44.html December]</ref> |
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|- |
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| Mission 432/Saumur bridge |
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| [[June 22]], [[1944]] |
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| 9 of 10 [[B-24 Liberator]]s of the [[United States Army Air Forces]] used [[Azon]] glide bombs against the Samur<ref name=usaaf>{{cite web|last=|first=|url=http://www.airwarweb.net/usaaf/8af_1944.php|title=8th Air Force 1944 Chronicles|work=|accessdate=2007-05-25|publisher=}} [http://www.airwarweb.net/usaaf/8af_1944-06.php June], [http://www.airwarweb.net/usaaf/8af_1944-07.php July], [http://www.airwarweb.net/usaaf/8af_1944-08.php August], [http://www.airwarweb.net/usaaf/8af_1944-09.php September]</ref> Bridge; escort is provided by 41 of 43 [[P-51 Mustang]]s. |
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|- |
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| Mission 438/Saumur Bridge |
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| [[June 24]], [[1944]] |
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| During the morning, 74 [[B-17 Flying Fortress]]es are dispatched to the Saumur bridge; 38 hit the primary and 36 hit Tours/La Riche Airfield without loss; escort is provided by 121 of 135 P-51s who claim 4-0-2 [[Luftwaffe]] aircraft on the ground.<ref name=usaaf/> |
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|- |
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|} |
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==Personalities== |
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Saumur was the birthplace of: |
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* [[Anne Lefèvre]] (1654–1720), better known during her lifetime as Madame Dacier, [[scholar]] and [[translator]] of [[classics]] |
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* [[Charles Ernest Beulé]] (1826–1874), [[archeologist]] |
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* [[Gabrielle Chanel|Coco Chanel]] (1883–1971), internationally renowned [[fashion designer]] |
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* [[Yves Robert]], (1920–2002), actor, composer, director, writer, producer |
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* [[Fanny Ardant]], (b. 1949), actress |
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* [[Dominique Pinon]], (b. 1955), actor |
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Germaine Lefebvre Capucine (6 January 1931 - 17 March 1990 Actress |
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==Twin towns== |
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[[Town twinning|twinned]] with: |
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* {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Verden, Germany|Verden]], [[Germany]] |
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* {{flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Warwick]], [[United Kingdom]] |
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* {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Havelberg]], [[Germany]] |
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* {{flagicon|United States}} [[Asheville, North Carolina|Asheville]], [[North Carolina]], [[United States]] |
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* {{flagicon|Romania}} [[Ruşeţu]], [[Romania]] |
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==References== |
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<references /> |
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==External links== |
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{{commonscat|Saumur}} |
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* [http://www.saumur.fr/ Official website] (in French) |
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* [http://www.chateau-de-montreuil-bellay.fr Visiting Château de Montreuil-Bellay] |
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* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01700c.htm Notre Dame des Ardilliers] - Article in the [[Catholic Encyclopedia]] about a Catholic pilgrimage center in the town |
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* http://www.musee-des-blindes.asso.fr |
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{{Maine-et-Loire communes}} |
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[[Category:Communes of Maine-et-Loire]] |
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[[Category:Subprefectures in France]] |
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[[ca:Saumur]] |
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[[ceb:Saumur]] |
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[[cy:Saumur]] |
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[[de:Saumur]] |
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[[eo:Saumur]] |
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[[fr:Saumur]] |
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[[it:Saumur]] |
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[[la:Salmurium]] |
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[[nl:Saumur]] |
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[[ja:ソミュール]] |
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[[nn:Saumur]] |
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[[pl:Saumur]] |
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[[pt:Saumur]] |
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[[ro:Saumur]] |
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[[ru:Сомюр]] |
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[[sk:Saumur]] |
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[[sl:Saumur]] |
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[[sv:Saumur]] |
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[[vo:Saumur]] |
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[[zh:索米尔]] |
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Revision as of 09:17, 2 June 2009
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