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This article is about an LDS bookstore chain. For the Indian publisher, see Seagull Books.
Seagull Book
Company typePrivate
IndustryChain bookstore
FoundedAmerican Fork, Utah, United States (1987 (1987))
FounderV. Lewis Kofford
Headquarters
Salt Lake City, Utah
,
United States
Number of locations
25 (November 2013)[1]
Area served
Utah, Idaho, Arizona, and Nevada[2] (formerly in Dallas, Texas)[3]
Key people
Lewis Kofford (1987–2006)
Greg Kofford (1990–92)
Kim Kofford(1997-2002)
Jon Kofford(2003-2006)
Susan Condie (current)[4]
ProductsDiscount books, media, art, clothes and other products for Latter-day Saints
OwnerLewis Kofford (1987–2006)
Number of employees
200–300 (2006)[5]
ParentDeseret Book Company (Deseret Management Corporation)[1]
WebsiteSeagullBook.com

Seagull Book, formerly called Seagull Book & Tape, is an American retail chain bookstore focusing on products for members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), with over two dozen stores in Utah, Idaho, Arizona, and Nevada.[2] It was the second-largest LDS bookstore until its acquisition by market-leader Deseret Book in 2006, after Seagull has continued to operate as a discount chain distinct from Deseret Book branded retail stores.[citation needed]

History

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Founding

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Seagull Book & Tape was founded in 1987 by V. Lewis Kofford, the owner of LDS publisher Covenant Communications.[6] He had previously organized Covenant in 1984,[7] which absorbed Covenant Recordings, an LDS audio tape producer which Kofford had owned since 1977.[8] He intended for Seagull to be a distribution channel for Covenant and other independent LDS publishers,[9] and for it to fill a discount retail niche in the LDS market by keeping low overhead and purchasing in volume.[10] Headquartered in American Fork, Utah,[9][11][12][13] the bookstore was initially a division of Covenant Communications,[14] and later its became its "sister company".[9]

Seagull sold a variety of media types, including books, audio tapes, CDs, videos, and computer software.[10] Some locations also bought and sold used and rare LDS books.[15][16][17] The chain also sold traditional titles, such as self-improvement, fiction, children's books, cartoons and videos.[18]

Before its acquisition of Seagull Book, Deseret Book was already the largest LDS retailer and the largest LDS publisher, and so from its founding Deseret Book products formed a significant portion of Seagull Book's offerings.[13][19][20] LDS retailers, including Deseret Book, expanded rapidly in the 1990s, and the market had doubled since with the 1970s.[19][21] Seagull grew aggressively in its first few years[10][22] and kept comparable offerings to Deseret Book.[12][23][24][25][26]

The company was a Kofford family business.[13] From 1990 to 1992, Lewis brought in his son Greg Kofford, an MIT graduate and Wall Street investor, as Seagull's president and CEO.[27][28] Afterward, Lewis Kofford himself served as president and CEO.[5] Along with his daughter Kim Kofford served as Vice President, Merchandise and Marketing from 1997-2002. Then in the 2000s, Jon Kofford was vice president of Marketing[12] and executive vice president.[29]

Growth

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Seagull Book store in Orem, Utah (2010)

Seagull Book's first store was a 6,000 square foot (560 m2) retail space on Redwood Road in Salt Lake City.[6] By 1990 it had grown to 8 locations.[19] After expanding to 12 stores in 1991, including into California and Texas,[3] revenue increased dramatically,[16][22] leading to plans for further expansion.[15] By 1992 the company had nearly $4 million in annual sales, 35 employees, and 15 locations.[27][30]

During the 1990s Seagull had a cooperative advertising program with independent publisher Bookcraft, but when Deseret Book bought out Bookcraft in 1999 Seagull began to worry that Deseret Book would give preferential treatment to its own retail stores.[11] In that same year Seagull launched SeagullBook.com as an online bookstore.[31]

During the 2000s Seagull continued "chipping away" at Deseret Book as its main competitor.[12][32] By 2006, it operated 26 stores with between 200 and 300 employees.[5]

Deseret Book conflict

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In July 2006, Deseret Book publicly disputed how its products were promoted at Seagull bookstores. Deseret Book claimed Seagull wasn't properly honoring its merchandising programs[9][33] or adequately utilizing promotional materials,[29] which it requires of all its vendors.[9] Deseret Book announced that its wholesale division would no longer sell to Seagull Book[34] and it was not seeking negotiation before the decision would take effect at the end of the month.[35]

This announcement was "a complete surprise to Seagull management"[35] who saw this as "a deliberate attack on its presence in the LDS market"[20] and assumed "discount prices are the reason."[35] Some worried this could crush Seagull's business, which was understood to rely on sales from Deseret Book products.[20][35][36]

In an attempt to negotiate their situation, Seagull Book consulted with a public relations company and scheduled a press conference. Within hours the conference was canceled when Deseret Book lifted their ban for one month to allow for talks with Seagull.[9][20][29][34] As the companies explored the possibility of Deseret Book acquiring Seagull, the deadline was extended beyond August.[13]

Acquisition

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In December 2006, Deseret Book bought Seagull Book, as well as its sister company Covenant Communications, another major Deseret Book competitor. Financial details were not publicly disclosed.[34]

At the age of 67, Lewis Kofford was considering retirement and initiated the buyout discussions.[13] In recent years Deseret Book had acquired other major competitors, including Bookcraft, Excel Entertainment Group, and LDS Living magazine.[37]

This created a chain of 69 stores, although they would continue as two independent, coexisting companies, and retain their existing stores, employees, and market specialties.[13][34][36][37] The retailers were already successfully filling two different niches in the LDS market,[20] and rather than transform into Deseret Book, Seagull would act as its discount chain.[13] Seagull Book has continued to operate as an independent entity to Deseret Book retail stores.[31]

Following the merger, independent publisher Kent Larsen published his concerns, saying that when Deseret Book has previously acquired its largest competitors (such as Bookcraft in 1999), the LDS market shrank resulting in fewer publications and leading to downsizing.[37]

Company name

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Seagull Book & Tape logo (until 2006)

The "Tape" in Seagull Book & Tape referred to the store's marketing of audio cassette tapes, generally of recorded sermons and lectures of popular LDS speakers. Many of these products were produced by Covenant Recordings, or Covenant Communications, for which owner Lewis Kofford also founded Seagull as a retail outlet.[8][9] When Seagull was sold to Deseret Book in 2006, the store's name was shortened to "Seagull Book".[38] By this time audio tape products had been largely replaced by compact discs (CDs).

The seagull is a symbol in Mormon culture from the miracle of the gulls, a Mormon legend about gulls saving early Mormon pioneers from a plague of crickets. The California gull is the Utah state bird and appears in the LDS Church's Seagull Monument in Salt Lake City.[39]

Notes

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  1. ^ a b "Deseret Book". Deseret Management Corporation. Retrieved 2013-11-14.
  2. ^ a b "Store Locations". SeagullBook.com. Seagull Book. Archived from the original on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-11-14.
  3. ^ a b "Seagull Book Acquires L.A., Dallas Stores". Deseret News. October 9, 1991. Retrieved 2010-02-19.
  4. ^ Condie is Vice-President and General Merchandise Manager for Deseret Book Company. Seagull Book catalog, Salt Lake City, Utah: Seagull Book, June 2010, p. 2
  5. ^ a b c Leong, Grace (July 19, 2006). "Deseret Book, Seagull in talks". Daily Herald. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  6. ^ a b "Seagull Book Issues Statement About its Relationship with Deseret Book". PRLeap.com. PR Leap. July 21, 2006. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  7. ^ Holzapfel, Richard Neitzel (2000). "Publishers and Bookstores". In Arnold K. Garr; Donald Q. Cannon; Richard O. Cowan (eds.). Encyclopedia of Latter-day Saint History. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book.
  8. ^ a b Knudson, Max B. (September 15, 1979). "The only 'rock' you'll find here is 'Rock of Ages'". Deseret News. p. S5. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Nii, Jenifer K. (July 13, 2006). "Deseret Book severs relationship with Seagull". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  10. ^ a b c "Seagull Book Opens W. Jordan Store". Deseret News. July 4, 1991. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  11. ^ a b Kratz, Gregory P. (October 3, 1999). "One for the books". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  12. ^ a b c d Anderton, Dave (November 20, 2002). "Deseret Book rethinks offerings". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g Leong, Grace (December 28, 2006). "Deseret Book buys Seagull Book & Tape". Daily Herald. Provo, Utah. p. A1. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  14. ^ Chapek, Stephen (March 26, 2003). "Orem's Granite Publishing buys Evans Book of SLC". Daily Herald. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  15. ^ a b "Seagull Book Sales Rise 48%". Deseret News. January 22, 1992. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  16. ^ a b "Seagull Book Notes a Sales Boost of 212%". Deseret News. July 22, 1992. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  17. ^ "Seagull Book & Tape" (advertisement). Journal of Mormon History. 19 (1). Spring 1993. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  18. ^ "Bookstore Reopens". Deseret News. August 16, 1991. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  19. ^ a b c Anderson, Vern (August 21, 1990). "LDS book market swells into a $50 million-a-year business". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  20. ^ a b c d e "Using Public Relations to Fight a Crisis Communications Battle: The Seagull Book & Tape Case Study". Politis Communications. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  21. ^ "Market for LDS-related books creates tough competition". Deseret News. July 3, 1991. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  22. ^ a b "Seagull Tape and Book posts 43.2% rise in sales". Deseret News. October 31, 1991. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  23. ^ Reed, Travis (March 4, 2004). "LDS novel deemed too racy to publish". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  24. ^ Genessy, Jody (August 25, 2004). "Church Ball is a big hit". Deseret Morning News. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  25. ^ Hardy, Rodger L. (December 1, 2006). "'Bloodline' book too hot to handle?". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  26. ^ L. Kay Carman; Carol S. Reich (2004). "Reaching Out to Religious Youth: A Guide to Services, Programs, and Collections". Libraries Unlimited. p. 95. ISBN 0-313-32041-1. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  27. ^ a b "Executive Focus: Greg L. Kofford, President, Seagull Book & Tape". Deseret News. June 14, 1992. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  28. ^ "Our Team". Cogent Capital. Archived from the original on June 20, 2006. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  29. ^ a b c Nii, Jenifer K. (July 20, 2006). "Two Utah book firms discussing options". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-02-16.
  30. ^ "Seagull Book & Tape opens Layton store". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  31. ^ a b "About Seagull Book". SeagullBook.com. Seagull Book Inc. Archived from the original on 2010-03-15. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  32. ^ Nii, Jenifer K. (March 1, 2001). "Deseret Book — minus books". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-02-16.
  33. ^ Mikita, Carole (July 14, 2006). "Talks Continue Between Deseret Book and Seagull Book & Tape". KSL.com. Retrieved 2010-04-27.
  34. ^ a b c d Nii, Jenifer K. (December 29, 2006). "Deseret Book buys 2 top competitors". Deseret News. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  35. ^ a b c d "Seagull Book No Longer Allowed to Sell Deseret Book Products". KSL. July 12, 2006. Retrieved 2010-02-16.
  36. ^ a b House, Dawn (December 28, 2006), "Deseret Book buys out the competition", The Salt Lake Tribune, retrieved 2013-09-10
  37. ^ a b c "Deseret Book Buy Two More Competitors" (PDF). Sunstone: 77. December 2006. Retrieved 2010-02-16.
  38. ^ The corporate logo on the website was "Seagull Book & Tape" on January 3, 2007 and "Seagull Book" on January 8, 2007.
  39. ^ Sadler, Richard W. (1992). "Seagulls, Miracle of". In Daniel H. Ludlow (ed.). Encyclopedia of Mormonism. New York: Macmillan. pp. 1287–88. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
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