View source for Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet, of Tourin

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'''Sir Richard Musgrave, 1st Baronet''' (''c''. 1757 &ndash; 7 April 1818) was an [[Ireland|Irish]] writer and politician.

He was born the eldest son of Christopher Musgrave of Tourin, [[County Waterford]], by Susannah, daughter of James Usher of [[Ballintaylor]], near [[Dungarvan]].<ref name="DNB">J. M. Rigg, 'Musgrave, Sir Richard (1757?–1818)', in Sidney Lee (ed.), ''Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. XXXIX: Morehead—Myles'' (New York: Macmillan, 1894), pp. 422–423.</ref>

He was a [[Member of Parliament]] (MP) for [[Lismore (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|Lismore]] from 1778 to 1801. On 2 December 1782 he was rewarded with a [[baronetcy]] for his loyalism and Protestantism.<ref name="DNB"/> Musgrave was high sheriff of County Waterford and was firm in enforcing the law; in September 1786 he personally flogged a [[Whiteboys|Whiteboy]] after no one else could be found to do it.<ref name="DNB"/> In his works ''A Letter on the Present Situation of Public Affairs'' (1794 and 1795) and ''Considerations on the Present State of England and France'' (1796) he warned of impending rebellion in Ireland.<ref name="DNB"/> After the defeat of the [[Irish Rebellion of 1798]], Musgrave sought to exonerate the government from the accusation that it had provoked the rebellion by arbitrary rule in his address ''To the Magistrates, the Military, and the Yeomanry of Ireland'' (1798), writing under the pseudonym 'Callimus'.<ref name="DNB"/>

In 1801 appeared his ''Memoirs of the different Rebellions in Ireland from the Arrival of the English, with a Particular Detail of that which broke out the 23rd of May, 1798; the History of the Conspiracy which preceded it, and the Characters of the Principal Actors in it''. In 1894 the ''[[Dictionary of National Biography]]'' claimed that it was "so steeped in [[Anti-Catholicism|anticatholic]] prejudice as to be almost worthless historically".<ref name="DNB"/> The book provoked a response from the Catholic [[Bishop of Ferns]], James Caulfield, to which Musgrave replied with ''Observations on the Reply'' (1802).<ref name="DNB"/>

According to J. J. Sack, the ''Memoirs of the different rebellions in Ireland'' was, along with [[Edmund Burke]]'s ''[[Reflections on the Revolution in France]]'', "the contemporary work which most defined the British Right".<ref>J. J. Sack, ''From Jacobite to Conservative. Reaction and Orthodoxy in Britain, c. 1760–1832'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), p. 96.</ref> In this work, Musgrave criticised Burke's influence and called him a hypocrite who "always shewed a decided attachment to popery".<ref name="Sack">Sack, p. 97.</ref> He further accused him of trying to persuade the [[Rockingham Whigs]] to support [[Catholic emancipation]], by which they "departed from those wise lessons which the history of and experiences of past ages uniformly afford, and adopted a visionary system of concession, which shook the pillars of the throne".<ref name="Sack" />

In 1804 he published ''Strictures upon an "Historical Review of the State of Ireland", by Francis Plowden, Esq., or a Justification of the Conduct of the English Governments in that Country'', to which [[Francis Plowden (barrister)|Plowden]] responded with his ''Historical Letter'' (1805).<ref name="DNB"/>

The ''Dictionary of National Biography'' called Musgrave "a man of considerable talent, warped by blind prejudice and savage party spirit".<ref name="DNB"/>

==Works==
*''A Letter on the Present Situation of Public Affairs'' (1794).
*''Considerations on the Present State of England and France'' (1796).
*Camillus [pseudonym], ''To the Magistrates, the Military, and the Yeomanry of Ireland'' (1798).
*Veridicus [pseudonym], ''A Concise Account of the Material Events and Atrocities which Occurred in the Late Rebellion'' (1799).
*''Short View of the Political Situation of the Northern Powers'' (1801).
*''Memoirs of the Different Rebellions in Ireland'' (1801; 4th edn. ed. S. W. Myers and D. E. McKnight, 1995) {{ISBN|096439250X}}
*''Observations on the Reply'' (1802).
*''Strictures upon an "Historical Review of the State of Ireland", by Francis Plowden, Esq., or a Justification of the Conduct of the English Governments in that Country'' (1804).
*''Observations on Dr. Drumgoole's Speech to the Catholic Board'' (1814).

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{S-par|ie}}
{{S-bef| before = [[James Gisborne]] <br />[[Sir Henry Cavendish, 2nd Baronet|Sir Henry Cavendish, Bt]]}}
{{S-ttl| title  = [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Lismore (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|Lismore]]
       | with   = [[Sir Henry Cavendish, 2nd Baronet|Sir Henry Cavendish, Bt]] (1778–1791)<br />[[Robert Paul (politician)|Robert Paul]] (1791–1796)<br />[[George Ponsonby (Junior Lord of the Treasury)|George Ponsonby]] (1796–1798)<br />Sir Henry Cavendish, Bt (1798–1801)
       | years  = 1778–1801 }}
{{S-aft| after  = Parliament of the United Kingdom }}
{{s-reg|ie-bt}}
{{s-new|Creation}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Musgrave baronets|Baronet]]<br />'''(of Tourin)''' | years=1782–1818}}
{{s-aft|after=Christopher Musgrave}}
{{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Musgrave, Richard}}
[[Category:1750s births]]
[[Category:1818 deaths]]
[[Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of Ireland]]
[[Category:Irish MPs 1776–1783]]
[[Category:Irish MPs 1783–1790]]
[[Category:Irish MPs 1790–1797]]
[[Category:Irish MPs 1798–1800]]
[[Category:Irish political writers]]
[[Category:Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Waterford constituencies]]