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SBS OR AS COMMONOLY KNOWEN CIGGY BUTT BRAIN IS FOR DUMBO HEADS THERE STICK THAT IN YOUR PIPE AND SMOKE IT :)) |
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{{Other uses|SBS (disambiguation){{!}}SBS}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}} |
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{{Use Australian English|date=June 2014}} |
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{{Infobox broadcasting network |
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|name = Special Broadcasting Service |
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|logo = [[File:Special Broadcasting Service logo.svg|150px|Special Broadcasting Service logo, as of 2008]] |
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|type = Radio Network <br /> Television Network |
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|country = Australia |
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|available = National |
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|founded = 1 January 1975 |
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|slogan = Seven Billion Stories and counting... |
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|market_share = |
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|headquarters = [[Artarmon, New South Wales]] |
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|owner = Commonwealth of Australia |
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|parent = |
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|key_people = Bulent Hass Dellal<br>(Acting Chairman) <br> [[Michael Ebeid]]<br>(managing director) |
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|foundation = |
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|launch_date = 1 January 1975<br>(Radio) <br> 24 October 1980<br>(Television) <br> 1 January 2001<br>([[Digital television|Digital TV]]) |
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|dissolved = |
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|former_names = |
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|servicename1 = Television |
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|service1 = [[SBS One]], [[SBS Two|SBS2]], [[SBS Three]], [[National Indigenous Television|NITV]], [[SBS HD]] |
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|servicename2 = |
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|service2 = |
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|callsigns = SBS |
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|callsign_meaning = '''S'''pecial <br /> '''B'''roadcasting <br /> '''S'''ervice |
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|former_callsigns = |
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|affiliation = |
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|affiliates = |
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|groups = |
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|digital = Channel 3 |
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|analogue = Channel 28 |
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|picture format = [[576i]] ([[SDTV]]) <br /> [[1080i]] ([[HDTV]]) |
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|former_affiliations = |
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|website = [http://www.sbs.com.au/ www.sbs.com.au] |
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|footnotes = |
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}} |
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The '''Special Broadcasting Service''' ('''SBS''') is a hybrid-funded [[Australia|Australian]] [[public broadcasting]] radio, online, and [[List of Australian television channels|television network]]. SBS operates 5 TV channels ([[SBS ONE]], [[SBS TWO]], [[NITV]], [[World Movies]], and [[Studio (TV channel)|Studio]]) and five radio networks (SBS Radio One, TWO & Three, SBS Chill and SBS PopAsia). SBS Online (sbs.com.au) is home to SBS On Demand video streaming service. The stated purpose of SBS is "to provide multilingual and multicultural radio and television services that inform, educate and entertain all Australians and, in doing so, reflect Australia's multicultural society".<ref name="faq">[http://www.sbs.com.au/sbscorporate/index.html?id=380 SBS: Frequently Asked Questions] SBS Corporation, accessed 26 May 2007</ref> SBS is one of five main [[free-to-air]] networks in Australia. |
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==History== |
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In 1975, concerns that minority communities might require details in their own languages of the new [[Medibank]] health care scheme (renamed Medicare in 1984) led to the establishment of two ethnic radio stations, 2EA in Sydney and 3EA in [[Melbourne]]. These started broadcasting in June 1975, with pre-recorded messages in seven and eight foreign languages, respectively. |
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The following year, the Government created the Consultative Committee on Ethnic Broadcasting. Following the recommendation of this and subsequent committees, the Broadcasting and Television Act 1942 was amended to found the Special Broadcasting Service. This legislation came into force on 1 January 1978, with the new broadcaster taking responsibility for 2EA and 3EA.<ref name="history">[http://www20.sbs.com.au/sbscorporate/index.php?id=1201 SBS: History] SBS Corporation, accessed 26 May 2007</ref> |
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[[SBS TV]] began test transmissions in April 1979 when it showed various foreign language programs on [[ABV-2]] Melbourne and [[ABN-2]] Sydney on Sunday mornings. Full-time transmission began at 6:30 p.m. on 24 October 1980 ([[United Nations Day]]), as Channel 0/28. The first program shown was a documentary entitled 'Who are we?', which was hosted by veteran news man Peter Luck. At the time, SBS was broadcasting on [[UHF]] Channel 28 and [[VHF]] Channel 0, with a planned discontinuation of the latter at some time in the future. [[Bruce Gyngell]], who [[Seven Network|introduced television to Australia back in 1956]], was given the task of introducing the first batch of programs on the new station. |
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On 14 October 1983, the service expanded into [[Canberra]], [[Cooma, New South Wales|Cooma]], and [[Goulburn, New South Wales|Goulburn]] and, at the same time, changed its name to Network 0–28. Its new slogan was the long-running "Bringing the World Back Home". The network changed its name to SBS on 18 February 1985, and began daytime transmissions. SBS expanded to Brisbane, Adelaide, Newcastle, Wollongong, and the Gold Coast in the June of that year. |
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On 5 January 1986, SBS ceased broadcasting on the [[VHF]] channel 0 frequency. Although many Australians at the time did not have UHF antennas, SBS's VHF licence had already been extended by a year at this stage, and not all antennas had worked well with the low-frequency Channel 0 either.<ref>[http://televisionau.com/feature-articles/sbs The History of Australian Television: SBS Television], accessed 22 May 2007</ref> |
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In August 1986, the government proposed legislation that would merge SBS into the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]]. This was highly unpopular with ethnic communities, leading Prime Minister [[Bob Hawke]] to announce in 1987 that the proposed amalgamation would not proceed. The [[SBS Radio and Television Youth Orchestra]] was launched in 1988 with founding conductor [[Matthew Krel]]. |
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Plans to introduce limited commercial-program sponsorship, and the establishment of SBS as an independent corporation with its own Charter, were put in place in July 1989. [[Eat Carpet]], showcasing local and international short films, was also launched in 1989. The proclamation of the Special Broadcasting Service Act 1991 officially made SBS a corporation in 1991. Throughout the early 1990s, [[SBS TV]] coverage was expanded further to include new areas such as the [[Latrobe Valley]], [[Spencer Gulf]], [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]], northeast [[Tasmania]], [[Cairns]] and [[Townsville]]. |
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[[Image:Artarmon SBS Studio.JPG|thumb|SBS Studio, [[Artarmon, New South Wales|Artarmon]]]] |
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In 1992, SBS's radio and television facilities were gradually moved to new headquarters in [[Artarmon, New South Wales|Artarmon]], [[New South Wales]], from their original studios at Bondi Junction (radio) and [[Milsons Point, New South Wales|Milsons Point]] (television). The new building was officially opened on the 10 November 1993 by Prime Minister [[Paul Keating]]. A national radio network was launched in January 1994. The new service initially covered [[Brisbane]], [[Adelaide]], [[Perth, Western Australia|Perth]] and [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]], while original stations 2EA and 3EA were renamed Radio Sydney and Radio Melbourne, respectively. The new national service was launched on a separate frequency in Sydney and Melbourne in July of that year. Throughout 1996, radio services were expanded to cover [[Hobart]] and [[Canberra]], while [[SBS TV]]'s coverage was further expanded to include the [[New South Wales]] north coast and [[Albury, New South Wales|Albury]]. |
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''[[South Park]]'', SBS's most successful television series, was first shown in 1997. A time-delay system was installed for South Australia in May 1999, shortly before the establishment of the Transmission Services division (intended to manage transmission and self-help services). A New Media division, responsible for the SBS website, was established at the start of 2000, in time for the first [[webcast]] of the [[Australian Film Institute Awards|AFI Awards]]. Ratings continued to increase through 2000 to 2001 – increasing to an overall 5.2% average weekly audience share.<ref name="history" /> |
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SBS Radio dropped four languages, and added four others, in April 2003, while increasing the broadcast hours for [[Cantonese]], [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]], and [[Arabic language|Arabic]]. SBS broadcast the 2004 [[2004 Summer Olympics|Athens Olympics]] in partnership with the [[Seven Network]]. SBS broadcast the [[Euro 2008]] in Austria and Switzerland. |
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[[Image:Federation Square (SBS Building).jpg|thumb|right|SBS building in [[Melbourne]] [[Federation Square]]]] |
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[[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], and [[Arabic language]] broadcasts were added to SBS's ''WorldWatch'' television schedule in 2003.<ref>{{cite web | title = SBS Timeline | url = http://www20.sbs.com.au/sbscorporate/index.php?id=1201 | publisher = Special Broadcasting Service | accessdate = 20 May 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070302020843/http://www20.sbs.com.au/sbscorporate/index.php?id=1201 <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2 March 2007}}</ref> The [[Vietnamese Australian|Vietnamese community]] protested the Vietnamese-language service, which was just taken from [[Vietnam Television|VTV4]], [[Vietnam|Vietnam's]] government-controlled the national broadcaster. They found the portrayal of the communist [[Flag of Vietnam|Vietnamese flag]] and [[Ho Chi Minh]] offensive, and the Vietnamese Community of Australia stated that its lack of reporting on political arrests and religious oppression were also offensive, especially to those who had fled the country following the [[Vietnam War]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Crunch time for SBS over Vietnamese news bulletin | url = http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/12/01/1070127351359.html?from=storyrhs | publisher = [[Sydney Morning Herald]] | date = 2 December 2003 | accessdate = 20 May 2007}}</ref> This backlash prompted SBS to display disclaimers before all externally produced bulletins distancing the it from the content. |
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In May 2008, SBS unveiled a new-look logo, as well as a new [[backronym]]ic slogan: ''Six Billion Stories and counting''.<ref>[http://www20.sbs.com.au/sbscorporate/index.php?id=1248 SBS: Six Billion Stories and counting] SBS Corporation, accessed 8 May 2008</ref> |
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On 8 May 2012, SBS received $158 million in government funding,<ref name="SBS Funding">{{cite web|url=http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2012/05/158m-funding-boost-for-sbs.html|title=$158m funding boost for SBS|publisher=TV Tonight|accessdate=10 May 2012}}</ref> of which $15 million would be used yearly, to fund the formation of a new free-to-air channel devoted to [[Indigenous Australians|the indigenous peoples of Australia]].<ref name="New Indigenous Australian Channel">{{cite web|url=http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2012/05/new-indigenous-tv-channel-for-sbs.html|title=New Indigenous TV channel for SBS|publisher=TV Tonight|accessdate=10 May 2012}}</ref> which would replace the existing [[National Indigenous Television]] on 12 December 2012, with 90% of its staff transferring to this new channel.<ref name="NITV Staff Transfer">{{cite web|url=http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2012/05/sbs-but-wait-theres-more.html|title=SBS – but wait there's more...|publisher=TV Tonight|accessdate=10 May 2012}}</ref> On 12 December 2012, NITV was re-launched as an SBS-operated [[free-to-air]] channel, replacing SBS4.<ref name="NITV Replaces SBS4">{{cite web|url=http://www.tvtonight.com.au/2012/12/nitv-launch-day.html|title=NITV: Launch Day|publisher=TV Tonight|accessdate=12 December 2012}}</ref> |
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==Services== |
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===Television=== |
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Regardless of state or territory, SBS television services always use the callsign "SBS". On 14 December 2006, SBS announced its intention to change to [[720p]] as its [[High-definition television|high-definition]] transmission standard for [[SBS HD]].<ref name="hd">{{cite web|url = http://www.dba.org.au/newsletter/IB-DecJan07-full.asp#RECEPTION11|title = SBS chooses 720p High Definition|accessdate = 14 December 2006|date= 14 December 2006|work = Digital Broadcasting Australia|publisher = dba.org.au}}</ref> SBS had previously down converted its scheduled [[SBS One]] high-definition content to the [[576p]] standard. On 5 June 2012, SBS upgraded its HD format from [[720p]] to [[1080i]].<ref>{{cite web|title=SBS upgrades HD to 1080i format on 5 June 2012|url=http://www.sbs.com.au/article/126213/SBS-upgrades-HD-to-1080i-format-on-5-June-2012|publisher=sbs.com.au}}</ref> |
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{|class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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![[Virtual channel|LCN]] |
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!Service |
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!Notes |
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|- |
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!3 |
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|[[SBS One]] |
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|Original analogue channel<BR/>([[simulcast]] until last [[Analog switchoff|ASO]]) |
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|- |
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!30 |
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|[[SBS HD]] |
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|[[1080i]] [[simulcast]] of SBS One Sun-Thu or SBS Two Friday's from 5Am |
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|- |
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!32 |
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|[[SBS Two]] |
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|Younger demographic digital only channel |
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|- |
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!33 |
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|[[SBS Three]] |
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|For Future use (Currently maps to SBS One) |
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|- |
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!34 |
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|[[NITV]] |
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|National Indigenous Television<br/>[[simulcast]]) |
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|} |
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On 1 June 2006, the SBS managing director [[Shaun Brown]] announced the corporation's desire to initiate in-show commercial breaks. He claimed that the move would raise $10 million in the first year, as he believes that SBS's current strategy of showing ads between programs "is unpopular with viewers". "On average we lose more than half our audience during these breaks – this is 30 per cent more than other broadcasters", claimed Brown upon announcing the new move.<ref>{{cite news|first=Lisa|last=Murray|title=SBS caves in over ad breaks|url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/tv--radio/sbs-caves-in-over-ad-breaks/2006/06/01/1148956480914.html|work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=2 June 2006|accessdate=25 November 2007}}</ref> |
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SBS's commercial breaks remained at their existing statutory limit of five minutes per hour, as opposed to the fifteen minutes per hour permitted on Australia's fully commercial stations. An individual break lasted between one and two minutes. A related change was the launch of a one-hour {{nowrap|6:30 pm}} edition of ''[[World News Australia]]'', replacing the half-hour ''World News Australia'' and ''World Sport'' programs. In-show advertising commenced on 9 October 2006 during the {{nowrap|7.30 pm}} broadcast of ''[[MythBusters]]''. |
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Former SBS television services are [[SBS Essential]] (LCN 31, sporting events, and other digital-only projects, when available) and [[SBS World News Channel]] (LCN 32, foreign news service). |
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===Subscription channels=== |
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In 1995, SBS launched a new division SBS Subscription TV. In October 1995, the first subscription channel to launch was [[World Movies]]; the channel focuses on independent international films. In 2010, SBS launched [[Studio_(TV_channel)|Studio]] (previously marketed at as STVDIO) the channel focuses on arts programming such as classical and popular music, literature, film, visual arts and dance with documentaries and performances. |
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===Radio=== |
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{{Main|SBS Radio}} |
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[[SBS Radio]] broadcasts in 74 languages in all Australian states, producing an estimated 13,500 hours of Australian programming for its two frequencies in Sydney and [[Melbourne]] as well as for its national network. Much like [[SBS TV]], SBS radio receives funding from a mix of government grants, paid-for government information campaigns and commercial advertising.<ref name="aboutradio">[http://www.radio.sbs.com.au/index.php?page=ab About SBS Radio] |
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</ref> SBS Radio broadcast the [[Euro 2008]] in Austria and Switzerland. |
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Following "extensive community consultation" in 2003, SBS introduced a range of new programs, including services in [[Malay language|Malay]], [[Somali language|Somali]], and [[Amharic language|Amharic]] – in addition to the expansion of many existing programs.<ref name="aboutradio" /> |
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In April 2013 SBS rolled out a major overhaul of its radio [[broadcast programming | schedule]]. The last major review of the SBS Radio Schedule had taken place in 1994, and since then Australia's demographics had changed significantly. With the new schedule SBS intends to better reflect Australia's ethnic composition. With the addition of six new languages: [[Malayalam]], [[Dinka language|Dinka]], [[Hmong language|Hmong]], [[Pashto language|Pashto]], [[Swahili language|Swahili]] and [[Tigrinya language|Tigrinya]], SBS has brought the total number of languages from 68 to 74.<ref name="New SBS Radio Schedule has launched"> |
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[http://www.sbs.com.au/radio/schedule2013 New SBS Radio Schedule has launched], accessed 14 September 2013 |
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</ref><ref name="SBS Announces New Radio Schedule For 2013"> |
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[http://www.sbs.com.au/aboutus/news-media-releases/view/id/685/h/SBS-Announces-New-Radio-Schedule-For-2013 SBS Announces New Radio Schedule For 2013], accessed 14 September 2013</ref> |
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SBS rolled out a trial of RDS (Radio Data Services) in the Melbourne and Sydney broadcast areas in November 2012. Radio listeners can identify the SBS Radio service by the "SBSRadio" identifier, and if their radio permits, by RDS scrolling text on their FM-capable RDS Radio. |
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[[NOW and NEXT]] data was progressively added to all Radio Services in 2012 and 2013. This now/next data is displayed on FM RDS Radio (Melbourne/Sydney) and [[Digital Audio Broadcasting|DAB+]] receptions areas for Radio's that can display metadata. |
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NOW and NEXT Radio schedule is also displayed on free-to-air [[Terrestrial Digital Television]] (DTV) Program Guides, and on [[TiVo]] and TBox where applicable. |
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SBS rolled out the 14-day rolling Radio Schedule over DTV Television in November 2012. A radio event (or program) can be viewed and booked/recorded to PVR or the listener reminded. The schedule adapts to daylight-savings changes as required. |
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{|class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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! |
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!Service |
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!Notes |
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|- |
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!rowspan="2"|Analogue<br />with digital [[simulcast]] |
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|[[SBS Radio#SBS Radio 1|SBS Radio 1]] |
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|Original SBS Radio 1 broadcasts (usually on [[Very high frequency|VHF]] band II)<sup>1</sup> |
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|- |
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|[[SBS Radio#SBS Radio 2|SBS Radio 2]] |
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|Original SBS Radio 2 broadcasts (usually on [[Medium frequency|MF]])<sup>1</sup> |
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|- |
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!rowspan="6"|Digital<br/>only |
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|[[SBS Radio#SBS Radio 3|SBS Radio 3]] |
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|Commenced April 2013. Radio 4 broadcasts the best of the BBC World Service and SBS Special events coverage including the [[FIFA World Cup 2014|2014 FIFA World Cup]] |
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|- |
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|[[SBS Radio#SBS Radio 4|SBS Radio 4]] |
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|Broadcasting BBC World Service news, live [[English Premier League]] commentary and special-events coverage. |
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|- |
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|[[SBS Radio#SBS Chill|SBS Chill]] |
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|SBS Chill provides a music break from the stress of work, the rush that is daily life. |
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|- |
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|[[SBS Radio#SBS PopAsia|SBS PopAsia]] |
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|Asian pop music in Mandarin, Cantonese, Japanese, Korean and more. |
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|- |
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|[[SBS Radio#SBS PopAraby|SBS PopAraby]] |
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|Arabic pop music. |
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|- |
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|[[SBS Radio#SBS PopDesi|SBS PopDesi]] |
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|Bollywood, Bhangra and Desi pop music. |
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|- |
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!colspan="3"|<small> |
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<sup>1</sup> Different areas receive different programming, but they all for the most part follow the programming of a selected city's SBS service. |
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</small> |
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|} |
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===Other=== |
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====On demand==== |
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{{See also|SBS on Demand}} |
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SBS on Demand is a video on demand and Catch up TV service run by the SBS. |
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====In-language==== |
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SBS has been providing multilingual services since 1975. The SBS in-language units in both Sydney and Melbourne, provide a range of language services for medium to large organisations, private and government businesses, including accredited translations, typesetting, voiceovers/re-narration, subtitling, and video services in over 68 languages. |
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====SBS independent==== |
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{{Main|SBS independent}} |
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SBS independent (SBSi) is the primary production unit of SBS programming. |
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====Youth orchestra==== |
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{{Main|SBS Radio and Television Youth Orchestra}} |
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SBS Youth Orchestra is an Australian premier youth orchestra. |
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==Corporation== |
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===Board=== |
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;Chairman |
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*Joseph Skrzynski (2009–present) |
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;managing director |
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*R.E. Fowell (1978–1985) |
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*[[Ron Brown (Australian public servant)|Ron Brown]] (1985–1987)<ref name=BriefHist>{{citation|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20120324223341/http://www.multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/doc/sbs_3.pdf|title=Brief History of SBS|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20120324223341/http://www.multiculturalaustralia.edu.au/doc/sbs_3.pdf|archivedate=24 March 2012|date=1997}}</ref> |
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*Brian Johns (1987–1992)<ref name=BriefHist/> |
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*Malcolm Long (1993–1997)<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.broadcastaustralia.com.au/the-company/directors|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140126151559/http://www.broadcastaustralia.com.au/the-company/directors|archivedate=26 January 2014|title=Directors of Broadcast Australia|quote=From 1993–97 he was Managing Director of SBS Corporation}}</ref> |
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*Nigel Milan (1997–2005)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/news/business/sbs-chief-resigns/2005/08/05/1123125897607.html|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070111044524/http://www.theage.com.au/news/business/sbs-chief-resigns/2005/08/05/1123125897607.html|archivedate=11 January 2007|title=SBS chief resigns|date=5 August 2005|publisher=Fairfax Media|newspaper=The Age}}</ref> |
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*[[Shaun Brown]] (2005–2011) |
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*[[Michael Ebeid]] (2011–present)<ref>{{citation|url=https://newmatilda.com/2011/04/21/can-man-save-sbs|archivedate=16 January 2013|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20130116213347/http://newmatilda.com/2011/04/21/can-man-save-sbs|title=Can this man save SBS?|date=21 April 2011|first=David|last=Ingram}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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*[[Digital radio in Australia]] |
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*[[List of programs broadcast by Special Broadcasting Service]] |
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*[[SBS Sport]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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==External links== |
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*{{official website|http://www.sbs.com.au/}} |
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*[http://www.sbs.com.au/inlanguage/ SBS In Language Service] |
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{{Special Broadcasting Service}} |
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{{Australian free-to-air television networks}} |
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{{Japan News Network}} |
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{{ANNj}} |
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{{TXN}} |
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[[Category:Australian radio networks]] |
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[[Category:Australian television networks]] |
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[[Category:Special Broadcasting Service| ]] |
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[[Category:Publicly funded broadcasters]] |
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[[Category:Commonwealth Government agencies of Australia]] |
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[[Category:Multilingual broadcasters]] |
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[[Category:Companies established in 1975]] |
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[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1975]] |
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Revision as of 07:35, 12 March 2015
SBS OR AS COMMONOLY KNOWEN CIGGY BUTT BRAIN IS FOR DUMBO HEADS THERE STICK THAT IN YOUR PIPE AND SMOKE IT :))