User:Alekjds/Gates of Rome
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Since its foundation, the city of Rome has been encircled with walls. The Servian Wall of the early 4th century BC expanded upon the original pomerium of the Romulan city that defined the ancient Roma quadrata (ca. 8th century BC). Sixteen gates were built along the Servian Wall, although more were added later or are considered part of the circuit. Most of those gates are gone, as the remains of the Servian Wall are scant. The Aurelian Wall of the 270s AD included many gates, most of which are still standing today, some in very good condition. Later, fortifications were added on, notably by Pope Leo I, who encircled the so-called Leonine City with a defenses in the mid-9th century AD. Walls were also added on the Janiculum Hill in the 17th century by Pope Urban VIII; all of these walls required gates, which are listed below.
Gates of the Servian Walls
[edit]Gates of the Aurelian Walls
[edit]Name | Alternate names | Construction | Status | Location |
---|---|---|---|---|
Porta Ardeatina | Example | Example | Open | |
Porta Asinaria | Example | Example | Open | |
Porta Cornelia | Porta San Pietro | Example | Destroyed | |
Porta Clausa | Porta Chiusa | Example | Walled | |
Porta del Popolo | Porta Flaminia Porta San Valentino |
Example | Open | |
Porta Latina | Example | Example | Open | |
Porta Maggiore | Porta Praenestina-Labicana | Example | Open | |
Porta Metronia | Porta Metrovia | Example | Walled | |
Porta Nomentana | Example | Example | Walled | |
Porta Pia | Example | Example | Open | |
Porta Pinciana | Porta Turata | Example | Open | |
Porta Portuensis | Example | Example | Destroyed | |
Porta Praetoriana | Example | Example | Walled | |
Porta Salaria | Example | Example | Destroyed | |
Porta San Giovanni | Example | Example | Open | |
Porta San Pancrazio | Porta Aurelia | Example | Open | |
Porta San Paolo | Porta Ostiensis | Example | Open | |
Porta San Sebastiano | Porta Appia Porta Accia |
Example | Open | |
Porta Settimiana | Example | Example | Open | |
Porta Tiburtina | Porta San Lorenzo Porta Taurina |
Example | Open |
Gates of the Leonine Walls
[edit]- Porta Angelica, demolished
- Porta Castello, demolished.[4]
- Porta Cavalleggeri, formerly Porta Turrionis, walled up
- Porta Fabbrica, formerly Porta Fornacum, walled up
- Porta Pertusa, walled up
- Porta San Pellegrino
- Posterula Sancti Angeli, demolished
- Porta Santo Spirito, l’antica posterula Saxonum
Gates of the Janiculum Walls
[edit]- Porta Portese
- Porta San Pancrazio, once part of the Aurelian Walls
Other gates
[edit]Although it does not constitute part of the walls of the city, the so-called Porta Alchemica is notable. It is now located in the gardens of Piazza Vittorio, in the Esquilino rione. Likewise famous is Porta Furba, which in reality is a large opening in the Acqua Felice aqueduct as it crosses Via Tuscolana.
Notes
[edit]- ^ Many sources identify the ancient Porta Caelimontana with the current Arch of Dolabella, which may be a reconstruction of the gate.
- ^ The gate had two entryways, one known as scelerata, or "accursed," and the other triumphalis, "triumphal." Some sources identify the Porta Triumphalis as being separate from the Porta Carmentalis.
- ^ The current Arch of Gallienus is a rebuilding of the ancient Porta Esquilina.
- ^ What today is called Porta Castello is, in fact, only a pair of openings in the wall for the sake of traffic mobility, but they stand close to the original.
Bibliography
[edit]- Quercioli, Mauro (1997). Le porte di Roma (in Italian). Roma: Newton & Compton. ISBN 88-7983-544-0.
- Cozza, Lucos (2008). Mura di Roma dalla Porta Latina all'Appia (in Italian). Vol. 76. The British School at Rome. pp. 99–154.
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