User:Alexander Davronov/sandbox
CPU - link
Microarchitecture[edit]
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2019) |
Architecture[edit]
Interrupt controller[edit]
Interrupt controller (IC) allows CPU program to invoke Interrupt Handler which serves as way to operate various motherboard functions which may not necessarily be included into CPU itself. Such as I/O operations or system service routines. External devices may also provide their own interrupt controllers and handlers not to be confused with the CPU's one.[1]
Bus unit[edit]
The bus unit contains various circuitry necessary for interaction with RAM and other external devices and components if not done directly (by using specific instruction's implementations such of INof x86-64 ISA) or via I/O bridge. It typically includes bus control units, latches and other micro components for sending or fetching data. CPU may also implement additional components for legacy buses in order to achieve backward-compatibility.[2]
support for older types of implement Simple CPU may implement simple memory interfacing which doesn't require sophisticated circuitry and more advanced may include components such as split transactions bus which acts be simple in uni rather sophisticated i
Debug unit[edit]
Modern CPU may also include debug unit which provides features resembling those of the high programming language debuggers and complying with special standard. Such unit can be used to halt CPU, set up breakpoints, trace and fetch memory data/registers data.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0d06/2d731485c22c84c559f5ef6bcaff2ce38f15.pdf
GPU Unit[edit]
Some modern processors may also have integrated graphics within a single chip which replace functions of peripheral video card. Additional components like ports on the motherboard are also typically provided.
Number representation[edit]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Shen, John Paul; H. Lipasti, Mikko (2013). "3". Modern processor design : fundamentals of superscalar processors. Long Grove: Waveland Press. pp. 153, 167. ISBN 1478607831. OCLC 883168030.
- ^ Shen, John Paul; H. Lipasti, Mikko (2013). "3". Modern processor design : fundamentals of superscalar processors. Long Grove: Waveland Press. pp. 160, 162. ISBN 1478607831. OCLC 883168030.