User:AlyssiaN/Trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy

Alyssia: Some good development and information here, just be sure that your style and layout adhere to wiki style standards for subheadings. Don't forget to add a relevant image and cite it properly. Your training modules have come along, just be sure to complete all your sandbox activities. - Professor Robinson

OVERVIEW OF CBT (COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY): IN RELATION TO TRAUMA

DEFINITION OF CBT

According to CAMH, CBT is defined as: “…a structured, time-limited, problem-focused and goal oriented form of psychotherapy. CBT helps people learn to identify, question and change how their thoughts, attitudes and beliefs relate to the emotional and behavioural reactions that cause them difficulty.”

MISDIAGNOSIS

A study was conducted, in which less than 50% of people showed conclusive signs of PTSD, however only 2% were accurately diagnosed.

This video reframes a trauma perspective in terms of learning brain versus survival brain as a way to make it easier for teachers to talk about trauma with students.

TWO DISTINCTIONS OF TRAUMATIZATION

It is important to consider the two distinctions of trauma, that a person can experience. Primary Traumatization, is a form of trauma that occurs as a result of other mental disorders (i.e. PTSD, depression, phobia, panic disorder, etc). While it's counterpart, Secondary Traumatization, focuses on the physical impairments that can lead to the development of trauma. A common scenario that would be considered secondary traumatization, would be the development of social anxiety, due to previous experience of a mass shooting, in which the person was shot.

RESPONSE TO TRAUMA

CBT for Common Trauma Responses, presents the 'Fear Avoidance Model,' as a method for how victims of secondary traumatization navigate through their daily life. They refer to the individual as adopting a 'guarding behaviour,' that allows them to assess their surroundings to avoid any potential dangers. For example, the person may be intensely focused on the ground as they're walking, rather than looking ahead, so they will not trip and injure themselves.

INTRODUCTING TF-CBT (TRAUMA FOCUSED - COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY)

TF-CBT VS TAU

What is it? Where it developed, what was it’s intended use, what are the benefits?

According to this article, TF-CBT was first developed in the United States, and initially practiced on youth who were victimized by sexual assault. (p.357)

“TF-CBT is a short-term, component-based intervention … integrates cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal, and family therapy principles as well as trauma interventions.” TF-CBT aims to assist the patient in many areas, including: “psycho-education, teaching relaxation and affective modulation skills, learning cognitive coping skills, working through the trauma narrative, cognitive processing, in vivo mastery of trauma reminders, enhancing safety, and future development.” (page 360)

This study compares the results of TF-CBT and TAU (therapy as usual) treatment, on youth, specifically in community settings. The article illustrates the importance for testing TF-CBT in the community, as most research has been conducted in private practice; this ignores the effects of TF-CBT on youth, who may i) be experiencing multiple mental health issues, ii) only be able to receive care in their local treatment centres. (p.358)

PROCEDURE

156 participants agreed to the study. The participants (age 10-18), were randomly assigned to either TF-CBT or TAU treatment. In order to ensure accuracy of the results, only children who showed signs of PTS, and experienced, at least, one traumatic event, were qualified for participation.

RESULTS

By the end of the treatment sessions, the following conclusions were made:

• The effect of trauma experienced, by youth, on a daily basis, decreased after TF-CBT, compared to the use of TAU.

• Youth, who were previously experiencing PTSS, showed drastic improvement using TF-CBT.

• When assessing for anxiety related symptoms, both treatment sessions found no impact.