User:Baserballer12344/Discrimination in education/Bibliography

You will be compiling your bibliography and creating an outline of the changes you will make in this sandbox.

Bibliography

As you gather the sources for your Wikipedia contribution, think about the following:

Is the source from a reliable publication?
- Reliable publications include established newspapers, academic journals and books, textbooks, and other published sources with reputations for accuracy and fact-checking.
- Unreliable sources include blog posts and other self-published works, press releases, and social media posts.
Is the source verifiable?
- In order for a source to be considered verifiable, other editors should be able to consult the source.
Is the source independent of the subject?
- Is the source connected in any way to the subject? This is especially important when writing biographies or about organizations.
- For example, if you were writing a biography, sources like the person's webpage or personal blog would not be considered independent.
Is the source primary or secondary?
- Primary sources include first-hand accounts, autobiographies, and other original content.
- Wikipedia allows limited use of primary sources, but typically only for straightforward, descriptive statements of facts, and only if they are published and verifiable without requiring specialized knowledge.
- Secondary sources should be the main basis for a biography on Wikipedia.
If you're working on a topic related to medicine or psychology, ensure that your sources follow these special guidelines.
If you're creating a new article, consider the following:
- Ensure that your topic meets Wikipedia's notability guidelines.
- In order for a topic to meet the notability requirement, you must be able to identify 2-3 sources that are reliable, verifiable, and independent of the subject you're writing about.
- Finding sufficient sources to establish notability can be especially hard when writing about people or organizations.
- Sources that are not independent of the subject might be useful additions, but don't count towards the notability requirement.
- Wikipedia has developed special guidelines for writing about living persons. Please follow these carefully.
- Wikipedia has a series of guidelines for writing about different categories of people, such as academics and artists. If you're trying to create a new entry about a living person, please look at these carefully.

If you're not sure whether a source is reliable, ask a librarian! If you have questions about Wikipedia's sourcing rules, you can use the Get Help button below to contact your Wikipedia Expert.

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Bibliography[edit]

The source that i chose to work with is a reliable source. it has many peer reviews and it is from a scholarly source. this source is also verifiable meaning the creator of the article is on many websites to be able to reach him and find out what ever your question or concern is. this source definitely goes hand and hand with my topic. the source goes into detail explaining what racism in education actually is and how to change it for the better. this source is not independent rather it is a reliable and informational source that contains information on this very important topic. this source is definitely a primary source in the fact that is it a reliable source that contains alot of good information about the topic. Beyond personal prejudices, systemic racism in education is a widespread problem that is intricately woven into the structure of the American educational system, often harming marginalized communities. The origins of this issue may be found in centuries-old discriminatory behaviors that led to educational systems that were segregated. Black American schools were underfunded, overcrowded, and lacking in necessary supplies throughout this time period, which contributed to the persistence of educational disparities. The Civil Rights Movement attempted to desegregate schools in the 1960s, but structural problems continued to exist and take many forms that prevent underprivileged people from having equal access to education. A well-known instance of systematic racism in education is the disparity in school funding. There are large differences in public school financing, which is frequently obtained from property taxes, with schools. financing is often greater in affluent communities than it is in economically deprived regions. Surprisingly, districts with a majority of non-white kids receive $23 billion less in funding yearly than districts with a majority of white children. This disparity leads to understaffed schools with less resources, which ultimately lowers the quality of education for minority students. Discipline-related acts make these differences even worse by subjecting students from underrepresented groups—Black students in particular—to sanctions that are disproportionate to those meted out to their white counterparts. Zero-tolerance rules, which were once put in place to deal with major crimes, have raised disciplinary discrepancies and contributed to the concerning school-to-prison pipeline. According to an American Psychological Association research, over a three-year period, 26% of Black students were suspended for minor violations, compared to just 2% of White students who experienced the same consequences. Another aspect of systemic racism in education is curriculum. Despite efforts to diversify instructional materials, research shows that inequalities still exist. The lack of varied material in the curriculum is a result of government laws and constraints on teaching methods, which lead to a curriculum that does a poor job of representing the perspectives of underrepresented populations. This goes beyond children's literature to history textbooks, where individuals from disadvantaged groups are hardly represented and white, European Americans are portrayed as the majority. This reinforces structural imbalances and prejudiced narratives. Even with improvements since the Civil Rights Movement, there is still a sizable accomplishment disparity between races. The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) uses standardized examinations to reveal persistent gaps and provide a baseline. Data from the 2022–2023 school year showed that the achievement gap was growing, especially in math. These are many points and changes that could be made in this article (main source).

Examples:

Luke, Learie. 2007. Identity and secession in the Caribbean: Tobago versus Trinidad, 1889–1980 Kingston, Jamaica: University of the West Indies Press.
- This is a book published by a university press, so it should be a reliable source. It also covers the topic in some depth, so it's helpful in establishing notability.
Galeano, Gloria; Bernal, Rodrigo (2013-11-08). "Sabinaria , a new genus of palms (Cryosophileae, Coryphoideae, Arecaceae) from the Colombia-Panama border". Phytotaxa.
- This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, so it should be a reliable source. It covers the topic in some depth, so it's helpful in establishing notability.
Baker, William J.; Dransfield, John (2016). "Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.
- This is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, so it should be a reliable source for a specific fact. Since it only dedicates a few sentences to the topic, it can't be used to establish notability.

References[edit]

Author. (2023, November 14). Understanding systemic racism in Education. Robert F. Smith. https://robertsmith.com/systemic-racism-in-education/

Bonilla-Silva, E. (2010). Racism without racists: Color-blind racism and the persistence of racial inequality in the United States. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Kozol, Jonathan. Savage Inequalities: Children in America’s Schools. Broadway Books, an Imprint of the Crown Publishing Group, a Division of Random House, Inc., 2012.
“Systemic Racism in School District Funding.” Giving Compass, 20 Mar. 2020, givingcompass.org/article/challenging-systemic-racism-in-school-district-funding.

What the article is about and what I think could be added:[edit]

What i think could be a good idea to add to this article would be interviews with kids in schools that are facing racial injustice. To see how they feel and get their message out their for hopefully sympathy from other people and encourage them to want to join the movement and help stop this problem at hand. This extensive work dives into the widespread problem of systematic racism in the American educational system, examining its historical foundations, contemporary expressions, and profound effects on students from marginalized populations. The story starts out by questioning the widely held belief that academic achievement can be attained via hard work, highlighting how structural racism frequently prevents underprivileged people from realizing this promise. A description of systemic racism in education is provided, highlighting how pernicious it is and how it seeps into the fundamental foundations of educational systems and institutions.The historical development of systematic racism in education is outlined, emphasizing the centuries-long prejudice that resulted in segregated educational systems and ongoing inequalities in resources and financing. Racial achievement discrepancies, the underrepresentation of Black and Brown instructors, and the absence of varied curriculum are all carefully investigated. The essay ends with recommendations for how to end systematic racism in education, including comprehensive changes, anti-bias training for teachers, and support for diverse leadership. In the end, it highlights how important it is for communities, legislators, educators, and caregivers to work together to create significant change and provide fair learning opportunities for all pupils.

Now that you have compiled a bibliography, it's time to plan out how you'll improve your assigned article.

In this section, write up a concise outline of how the sources you've identified will add relevant information to your chosen article. Be sure to discuss what content gap your additions tackle and how these additions will improve the article's quality.

Consider other changes you'll make to the article, including possible deletions of irrelevant, outdated, or incorrect information, restructuring of the article to improve its readability or any other change you plan on making. This is your chance to really think about how your proposed additions will improve your chosen article and to vet your sources even further.

Note: This is not a draft. This is an outline/plan where you can think about how the sources you've identified will fill in a content gap.

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