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	Crossota sp.
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Clade:	ParaHoxozoa
Phylum:	Cnidaria
Subphylum:	Medusozoa
Class:	Hydrozoa
Subclass:	Trachylinae
Order:	Trachymedusae; Haeckel, 1866 (1879)

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Trachymedusae

Trachymedusae belong to the phylum Cnidaria and the class Hydrozoa, among the 30 genera are 5 families containing around 50 species in all, the family Rhopalonematidae has the greatest diversity.^[1]

Description

Trachymedusae are identifiable by the umbrella edge that lacks lobes The edge of the umbrellas have either solid as well as hollow tentacles or they only have solid tentacles, there is a thickened tissue ring that has a large number of nematocysts , radial canals number from 4 to 6 to 8 and more then 8 though 8 is the most common number. The sensory clubs can be open or closed with endodermal axis. The gonads are generally located at the radial canal or where the radial canal and the manubrium connect. The cnidome may have stenoteles. Trachymedusae reproduce sexually during the medusae stage lacking a polyp stage ^[1] ^[2]

Distribution

Primarily found in the deep oceans through out the worlds oceans. Species from this order have been found within the recorded depth ranges of 70-1967m.^[3]^[4]

Interactions with humans

Being that this species is primarily found in the open and deep oceans the number of interactions with humans are few. Though it is found that hydrozoa's are becoming greater in numbers in recent years, one species of Trachymedusae do not appear to be affecting the zoo-plankton populations they prey upon within the sea of Marma^[5].

Families^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c "World Hydrozoa Database - Species". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2016-03-13.
^ Kramp, P. L. (November, 1961). "Synopsis of the Medusae of the World" (PDF). Journal of the marine biological association. 40: 237. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400007347. Retrieved 14 March 2016. {{cite journal}}: Check |doi= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |doi= (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)
^ Lindsay, Dhugal; Hunt, James; Hashimoto, Jun; Fujiwara, Yoshihiro; Fujikura, Katsunori; Miyake, Hiroshi; Tsuchida, Shinji (2000). "Submersible observations on the deep-sea fauna of the south-west Indian Ocean: preliminary results for the mesopelagic and near-bottom communities" (PDF). JAMSTEC Journal of Deep Sea Research, 16. Retrieved 3/27/16. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
^ Stübing, Dorothea; Piepenburg, Dieter (1998). "Occurrence of the benthic trachymedusa Ptychogastria polaris Allman, 1878 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) off Northeast Greenland and in the northern Barents Sea" (PDF). Polar Biology (19 ed.). Retrieved 3/27/16. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
^ Noyan Yilmaz, Izzet (8 February 2014). "Collapse of zooplankton stocks during Liriope tetraphylla (Hydromedusa) blooms and dense mucilaginous aggregations in a thermohaline stratified basin" (PDF). Marine Ecology. Retrieved 3/13/16. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)

[:0-1] "World Hydrozoa Database - Species". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2016-03-13.

[2] Kramp, P. L. (November, 1961). "Synopsis of the Medusae of the World" (PDF). Journal of the marine biological association. 40: 237. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0025315400007347. Retrieved 14 March 2016. {{cite journal}}: Check |doi= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); External link in |doi= (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)

[3] Lindsay, Dhugal; Hunt, James; Hashimoto, Jun; Fujiwara, Yoshihiro; Fujikura, Katsunori; Miyake, Hiroshi; Tsuchida, Shinji (2000). "Submersible observations on the deep-sea fauna of the south-west Indian Ocean: preliminary results for the mesopelagic and near-bottom communities" (PDF). JAMSTEC Journal of Deep Sea Research, 16. Retrieved 3/27/16. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)

[4] Stübing, Dorothea; Piepenburg, Dieter (1998). "Occurrence of the benthic trachymedusa Ptychogastria polaris Allman, 1878 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) off Northeast Greenland and in the northern Barents Sea" (PDF). Polar Biology (19 ed.). Retrieved 3/27/16. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)

[5] Noyan Yilmaz, Izzet (8 February 2014). "Collapse of zooplankton stocks during Liriope tetraphylla (Hydromedusa) blooms and dense mucilaginous aggregations in a thermohaline stratified basin" (PDF). Marine Ecology. Retrieved 3/13/16. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)

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