User:Cooperc123/sandbox

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Article Evaluation[edit]

Lavender scare

The article is well balanced and places the subject properly in historical context. The entire article is relevant to the topic and I think all of the information is up to date. The article is neutral and does not present a bias for or against. It might be interesting to convey how the lavender scare was written about in the press at the time. The article might be over representing the side/viewpoint of the government, however, there may not be many sources from the men and women affected. Adding this perspective might be beneficial to better balance the article. There are plenty of citations throughout the article, and the majority of links I tried did work, however, some had a pay wall. Overall, this is a very good article that does not appear to need any improvements.

Potential Topics[edit]

The Chickens and the Bulls - Nothing in the talk page, needs more citations and maybe a clearer title

Lucius Beebe[edit]
Drum (American magazine)[edit]

Drum (American magazine) First DRAFT[edit]

Drum (sometimes subtitled Drum: Sex in Perspective) was an American gay culture and news monthly magazine with homoerotic photographs as well as news, books reviews, editorials, and fiction. Published monthly beginning in October 1964 by the homophile activist group the Janus Society as a continuation of the group’s monthly newsletter. Edited by Clark Polak, the president of the Janus Society, the magazine represented Polak's radical approach to the homophile movement by emphasizing sexual liberation when other homophile organization were focused on assimilating with straight society.

The magazine’s title was inspired by a quote from Walden by Henry David Thoreau that appeared in every edition: "If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears the beat of a different drummer."[1]

The magazine was the most popular homophile magazine in the country, with a circulation of 10,000 by 1966, far surpassing similar homophile magazines ONE and The Ladder.[2] Drum’s success came from its bold portrayal of gay sex in erotica, fiction, and humor. Drum began the first gay comic strip, Harry Chess: The Man from A.U.N.T.I.E by A. Jay, which featured Harry Chess and his sidekick Mickey Muscle as top secret agents working for Agents Undercover Network to Investigate Evil a spoof on comic strips from the time and The Man from U.N.C.L.E.[3]

  1. ^ Rodger., Streitmatter, (1995). Unspeakable : the rise of the gay and lesbian press in America. Boston: Faber and Faber. p. 60. ISBN 0571198732. OCLC 32745788.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ John,, Loughery,. The other side of silence : men's lives and gay identities : a twentieth century history (First edition ed.). New York. p. 283. ISBN 0805038965. OCLC 38096858. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Marc,, Stein,. City of sisterly and brotherly loves : lesbian and gay Philadelphia, 1945-1972. Chicago. p. 234. ISBN 0226771792. OCLC 42061154.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

Drum (American magazine) Final DRAFT[edit]

Drum
EditorClark Polak
CategoriesNews, Literature, Erotica
FrequencyMonthly
Circulation10,000
PublisherJanus Society / Drum Publishing Co.
First issue1964
Final issue1969
CountryUSA
Based inPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania
LanguageEnglish
ISSN04180933

Drum (sometimes subtitled Drum: Sex in Perspective) was an American gay culture and news magazine published monthly in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania featuring homoerotic photographs as well as news, book reviews, editorials, and fiction. Published monthly beginning in October 1964 by the homophile activist group the Janus Society as a continuation of the group’s monthly newsletter. Edited by Clark Polak, the president of the Janus Society, the magazine represented Polak's radical approach to the homophile movement by emphasizing sexual liberation when other homophile organizations were focused on assimilating with straight society.

Title[edit]

The magazine’s title was inspired by a quote from Walden by Henry David Thoreau that appeared in every edition: "If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears the beat of a different drummer."[1]

Content[edit]

Drum was published most months between October 1964 and November 1966, after issue number 21 the magazine was published sporadically for another 10 issues until January 1969.[2][3] The magazine’s exclusive coverage of gay men’s issues was controversial within the Janus Society because the group focused on all LGB issues.[4]

The magazine was the most popular homophile magazine in the country, with a circulation of 10,000 by 1966, far surpassing similar homophile magazines ONE and The Ladder.[5] Drum’s success came from its bold portrayal of gay sex and culture in erotica, fiction, and humor. The magazine maintained a clipping service to identify news coverage of gay issues from across the country which were often reprinted in Drum.[6] Polak wanted to “put the 'sex' back in homosexuality,” and the magazine was the first in the country to publish full frontal male nudity in 1965. However, copies of the magazine sold at newsstands never featured nudity and only subscribers received copies with a centerfold-style insert of additional pages.[7] A Life magazine expose titled “Homosexuality in America” in 1964 inspired a parody article in Drum, “Heterosexuality in America,” written by “P. Arody” that jokingly treated heterosexuality as a deviation that exists in all walks of life across the country.[8] Drum began the first gay comic strip, Harry Chess: The Man from A.U.N.T.I.E by A. Jay (Al Shapiro), which featured Harry Chess and his sidekick Mickey Muscle as top secret agents working for Agents Undercover Network to Investigate Evil, a spoof on comic strips from the time and The Man from U.N.C.L.E.[9] The comics villains were similar to threats gay men faced at the time and the character Harry Chess asserted a humorous and positive approach to gay sex and life. The illustrations of the comic were frequently of muscular, hairy, men wearing tight and revealing clothes if wearing any clothes. For example, in one issue Harry Chess and Mickey Muscle foil a plot to mix ground glass into tanks at the “Cay-Why” factory, a reference to K-Y Jelly, a sexual lubricant. The text of the comic was filled with gay slang, homoerotic innuendo, and double entendres that were at risk of being labeled obscene by the United States Postal Service.[10] The comic was discontinued in 1966 but reappeared in gay magazines Queen’s Quarterly and Drummer.[11]

Demise[edit]

In March of 1967, Polak was arrested when his home was raided by the police and over 75,000 gay books, photos, and magazines were seized. Polak was indicted by a grand jury, however, a judge threw out the case because one of the warrants was filled out incorrectly. In February 1969, Polak was arrested for a second time for distributing obscene materials and operating a peep show at one of his adult bookstores. In April 1969, Polak was found guilty and sentenced to two years in prison which was reduced to two months. Polak sent a letter to Drum’s subscribers in May explaining that the previous January issue was the magazine’s last.[12]

After two additional arrests, Polak was found guilty by two federal grand juries in 1969 and 1970. Polak moved to Los Angeles in 1970 and in 1972 pleaded no contest to the charges of mailing obscene publications and was sentenced to five years probation contingent on giving up his pornography businesses in Philadelphia. The Janus Society succeeded Drum with another magazine, PACE!, named from the same Thoreau quote, it covered lesbian and gay issues but only ran for two issues.[13]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Rodger, Streitmatter (1995). Unspeakable : the rise of the gay and lesbian press in America. Boston: Faber and Faber. p. 60. ISBN 0571198732. OCLC 32745788.
  2. ^ Stein, Marc (2000). City of Sisterly and Brotherly Loves : Lesbian and Gay Philadelphia, 1945-1972. University of Chicago Press. p. 283. ISBN 0226771792.
  3. ^ LCCN 68006149
  4. ^ Stein, p. 232-234
  5. ^ John, Loughery. The other side of silence : men's lives and gay identities : a twentieth century history (First ed.). New York. p. 283. ISBN 0805038965. OCLC 38096858.
  6. ^ Streitmatter, p. 66
  7. ^ Stein, p. 240
  8. ^ Streitmatter, p. 71
  9. ^ Stein, p. 234
  10. ^ Murphy, Michael (March–April 2014). "The Life and Times of Harry Chess". The Gay & Lesbian Review: 22–24.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  11. ^ Murphy, Michael (March–April 2014). "The Life and Times of Harry Chess". The Gay & Lesbian Review: 22–24.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  12. ^ Stein, p. 283-284
  13. ^ Stein, p. 300-301

References[edit]

  • Gross, Larry (2001). Up from Invisibility: Lesbians, Gay Men, and the Media in America. New York, Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-11953-4
  • Kranz, Rachel and Tim Cusick (2005). Gay Rights (3rd ed.). Infobase Publishing. ISBN 0-8160-5810-5
  • Murphy, Michael (March-April 2014). "The Life and Times of Harry Chess." The Gay & Lesbian Review: 22-24.
  • Stein, Marc (2000). City of Sisterly and Brotherly Loves : Lesbian and Gay Philadelphia, 1945-1972. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0226771792.
  • Streitmatter, Rodger (1995). Unspeakable: The Rise of the Gay and Lesbian Press in America. Boston, Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-19873-2
  • LCCN 68-6149

See also[edit]

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