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IIT - Delhi Lecture

Compounds that contain a metal-carbon bond, R-M, are known as "organometallic" compounds. Organometallic compounds of Li, Mg (Grignard reagents) are amongst some of the most important organic reagents. Many other metals have been utilised, for example Na, Cu and Zn.

Organometallic compounds provide a source of nucleophilic carbon atoms which can react with electrophilic carbon to form a new carbon-carbon bond. This is very important for the synthesis of complex molecules from simple starting materials.

To rationalise the general reactivity of organometallics it is convenient to view them as ionic, so R-M = R-M+

The most important reactions is this chapter are the reactions of organolithiums, RLi, and Grignard reagents, RMgX, with the carbonyl groups in aldehydes, ketones and esters to give alcohols. However, we will also look at some useful reactions involving Cu, Zn and Hg (mercury).

For other uses, see Chemistry (disambiguation). "Chemical science" redirects here. For the Royal Society of Chemistry journal, see Chemical Science (journal).

Solutions of substances in flasks, including ammonium hydroxide and nitric acid, illuminated in different colors. Chemistry is a branch of physical science that studies the composition, structure, properties and change of matter.[1][2] Chemistry is chiefly concerned with atoms and molecules and their interactions and transformations, for example, the properties of the chemical bonds formed between atoms to create chemical compounds. As such, chemistry studies the involvement of electrons and various forms of energy in photochemical reactions, oxidation-reduction reactions, changes in phases of matter, and separation of mixtures. Preparation and properties of complex substances, such as alloys, polymers, biological molecules, and pharmaceutical agents are considered in specialized fields of chemistry.

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Chemistry is sometimes called the central science because it bridges other natural sciences like physics, geology and biology.[3][4] Chemistry is a branch of physical science but distinct from physics.[5]

The etymology of the word chemistry has been much disputed. The history of chemistry can be traced to certain practices, known as alchemy, which had been practiced for several millennia in various parts of the world.