User:Elhagyousif/The Magnetic Interaction

THE MAGNETIC INTERACTION[edit]

#1-Introduction[edit]

The Magnetic Interaction Hypothesis (MIH), was first presented to the Physics Department, the University of Nairobi in mid 2000, and fist published at The Journal of Theoretics on October 9, 2003^[1], after nonacceptance by many establishments. The MIH emerged, in response to researches aimed at replicating un-imaginable source of energy manipulated by sighted ^[2] Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) ^[3]. The search, which related to the discrepancy between present high technological level, and failure to attained required alternative renewable ans sustainable source of energy, regardless of experiments such as the Superconducting Supercollider (SSC) ^[4] linked with failures to understand mechanisms, such as that energized Aurora charged particles ^[5] ^[6] Ring current and related geomagnetic phenomena ^[7] ^[8] ^[9] the inter-atomic bond mechanism ^[10] and many other phenomena ^[11]. All these justified the author Mahmoud E. Yousif, to suggest a dual, mechanism and formula for magnetic fields ^[12] ^[13] interaction with different magnetic forms, producing the magnetic forces, based on magnetic parameters. The MIH had developed into several other papers and the invention of Externel Magnetic Field Propulsion Systems (ExMF-PS).

#2- The Magnetic Force[edit]

The MIH showed the attractive or repulsive force, between two conductors carrying electric current ^[14] as shortening or repulsing mechanism, as suggested by Faraday ^[15] in form of two produced circular magnetic field (CMF) ^[16] which related to current direction ^[17] as shown in Fig.1, where the magnetic fields B₁ and B₂ or CMF in Tesla, radius r₁ and r₂ are in metre, the conductor length l₁ is in metre, and the magnetic force (F_m) in Newton. The formula is give magnetically by

       B_C1 B_C2 r₁ r₂ l₁  
F_m  =  ———————————————            Newton        {1}
             2k

**Fig.1** Conductors carrying current producing circular magnetic field (**CMF**), the figure also shows direction of **CMF**, The interaction line and direction of the produced force.

The theory explained the Catapult force or the motor effect, ^[18], as:

       B₁ B_C2 l₁ r₂   
F_m  =  ————————————             Newton          {2}
             2k

B₁ is a general magnetic field, B_C2 is the CMF produced by the conductor, r₂ is the radius of the CMF, l₁ is the length of the conductor producing the CMF that interact with B₁, the magnetic force F_m is in Newton. The MIH, also explained the Lorentz Force ^[19] as a magnetic force, produced by interaction of both the particle’s CMF ^[20] ^[21] ^[22] represented by B₂ ^[23] and the magnetic field B₁, the mechanism of which is shown in Fig. 2, and the formula by Eq.3.

F_m  = B₁ B₂ r_m² C sin θ = qvB₁ sin θ         Newton          {3}

Resultant of both two equal equations in the box gives, gives Einestien Equation for charge in motion B₂=qv/r²C Tesla.

**Fig.2** Electron and proton **CMF** (B_2e and B_2p respectively) of equal energies interacted with magnetic field (B₁), at specific points. Resulted magnetic force (F_m) caused electron and proton to gyrate oppositely at specific radius.

#3- The Spinning Magnetic Force[edit]

The MIH, explained the spinning characteristics of protons ^[24] by suggesting the spinning magnetic field (SMF) produced at proton’s poles. The interaction of two SMF''Italic text, produced the Spinning Magnetic Force (SMFc), with characteristics similar to the Nuclear Force ^[25], with related formulas for magnitude of both SMF and SMFc.

#4- Energization of Charged Particle[edit]

The MIH, also suggested a process for micro-energization of charged particles on micro-scale, as

     K = B₁ B₂ r_m C d sin θ          Joule         {4}

#5- The Atomic Model[edit]

Based on above SMF, energization process and the fact that electromagnetic force is responsible about atomic bond ^[26] an atomic theory was suggested stated, and as shown in Fig.3, that, at specific electrostatic atomic radius (r_ee), both the electrostatic force (F_e) and produced magnetic force (F_m), are balanced with the centripetal force (F_C)}, leading to the stability of the atom as shown for hydrogen atom in Fig.3, thus

     m_e v_o²       ZeQ                           ZeQ  
F_c= (—————) = (————————— +   B_1UB_2er_me²C)  = (————————— + qv_oB_1U)    Newton        {5}
      r_me       4πε_or_ee²                       4πε_or_ee²

Where, B_1U is the nucleus SMF, B_2e is orbital electron’ CMF, m_e is electron's mass, r_ee is the electron's electrostatic atomic radius, r_me is the electron's magnetic radius, v_o is electron's natural orbital velocity around the nucleus, ε_O is the permittivity of the free space.

**Fig.3** Stable hydrogen atom, where Electron **CMF** (B_2e)interacted with Proton **SMF** (B_1p), then at specific magnetic radius (r_me) and electrostatic radius (r_ee), both magnetic force (F_m) and electrostatic force (F_e) are balanced with the centripetal force (F_C).

#6- The Magnetic Moment[edit]

The MIH, also derived and explained the flipping effect (i.e. the magnetic moment) produced in magnetic resonance experiments ^[27] as the response of an energetic charged particle's CMF to any specific magnetic field. For inter-atomic electron’s, this magnetic moment (μ_e = E_O/B_U) is

    m_e v_o²   2πε_ov_o³m_er_ee³          qv_or_me  
μ_e= —————— = ————————————   = μ_B = ——————     Joule/Tesla    {6}
     2B_1U       q                   2

Where, B_1U is nucleus spinning magnetic field (NSMF), μ_B is Bohr magneton, μ_e is atomic electron magnetic moment related to atom stability.

#7- The Spectral Line[edit]

In the MIH, if the continual inter-atomic energization process is excited by external potential, the radial and related changes in the energization process, is obtained as

**Fig.4** In hydrogen atom, and within nucleus electrostatic influence, Spectral line is reproduced when an excited electron moved to excited orbital radius (r_n), where the magnetic level accelerating force (F_n) is multiplied by the spinning distance (d_s).

     r_nqv_DB_1U        m_eV_nV_D
E_n = —————————  =  ————————          Joule       {7}
        2             2

Where, B_1U is nucleus spinning magnetic field (NSMF), v_D is the excitation velocity, r_n is the excited orbital radius, v_n = v_D + v_O , i.e. the excited radial velocity, and E_n is the energization obtained at radial distance r_n. This quanta of energy acquired by the electron at that radius will be radiated, as spectral line ^[28] ^[29] and of wavelength related to attained excited radial, given by

       2hc       2hc
λ = ———————— = ———————                  Å        {8}
    r_nqV_DB_1U     m_eV_n_D

As seen in Fig.4, series with higher energies are far from the nucleus.

8- Refrences[edit]

1.Journal of Theoretics, 09-Oct-2003, at: http://d1002391.mydomainwebhost.com/JOT/Links/Papers/MY.pdf 2.http://www.exmfpropulsions.com/New_Physics/UFO_Sighting.htm 3.Ashpole, Edward 1995 The UFO Phenomena, Headline, London.

4.HORGAN, John February 1994 Scientific America, Vol. 270, N0. 2,.

5.Chapman S. 1968 (Auroral Science, 1600 To 1965, Towards its Golden Age), Auroral Science, Atmospheric Emission, NATO Advanced Study Institute, Norway, Edt. By Billy M. McCormac, Reinhold Book Cor. New York, pp 25.

6.SPEISER, T. W. 1967 Aurora and Airglow, NATO Advance Study Institute, England, Edt. By Billy M. McCormac, Reinhold Publishing Cor., New York.

7.Matsushita S. 1967 (Geomagnetic Disturbances and Storms) Physics of Geomagnetic Phenomena, Vol.II, Edt. By S. Matsushita and Wallace H. Campbell, Academic Press, N. Y, pp 811.

8.Axford, W.I. 1967 (The Interaction Between the Solar Wind and The Magnetosphere) AURORA AND AIRGLOW, Proceeding of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held at The University Of Keele, Staffordshire, England August 15-26,1966, Edt. By Billy M. McCormac, Reinhold Book Cor. New York, pp 1273/1282.

9.Akasofu, S.I. and S. Chapman 1967 (Geomagnetic Storms and Auroras), Physics of Geomagnetic Phenomena, Edt. by S. Matsushita and Wallace H. Campbell, Vo.II, Academic Press,N.Y, pp 1119-1133.

10.Trinklein, F. E. 1990 Modern Physics, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, N.Y), pp 479.

11.The Report of The National Commission on Space 1986 Pioneering The Space Frontier, Bantom Books, New York pp 25-29.

12.D. S. Parasnis 1961 Magnetism From Load Stone To Polar Wendering, Hutchinson & Co. Ltd. London.

13.Nightingale E., 1958 Magnetism and Electricity, G. Bell and Sons Ltd. London, pp 16.

14.Avison,J. 1989 The World of Physics, Nelson, Ontario, pp 107.

15.Plonsey, R. and R. E. Collin 1961 Principle Applications of Electromagnetic Fields, Tata McGraw-Hill Publ. Cop. Ltd. New Delhi.

16.Butler, S.T. and H. MESSEL 1963 The Universe of Time and Space, Pargman Press, London, pp 185-191.

17.Alonso M. and E. J. Finn 1967 Fundamental University Physics Vol. II Field and Waves, Addison and Wesley, Massachusetts, pp 530.

18.Ballif, J.R. 1969Conceptual Physics, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp 338.

19.Fuch, W. R. 1967 Modern Physics, Weidenfield and Nicolson (Educational) Ltd., and The Macmillan for Translation, Zurich.

20.Halliday, D., R. Resnick and K. S. Krane 1978 Physics Vol.II, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp 813.

21.Davis, P.C.W. 1979 The Forces of Nature, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 133.

22.Elwell D. and A.J. 1978 Pointon Physics for Engineers and Scientists, Ellis Horwood Ltd. Chester, pp 313-317.

23.Krane K. S. 1983 Modern Physics John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp 164, 165.

24.Giancoli, D. C. 1980 General Physics, Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliff, New Jersey•

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