User:Elmir Çobanzadə

Red Book Of Azerbaijan[edit]

The "Red Book" of the Republic of Azerbaijan is an official state document on the condition of rare and endangered species of wild animals and wild plants in the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. It contains information on the condition, distribution and protection of animal and plant species throughout the territory of the Republic, including the sector of the Caspian Sea (lake) belonging to the Republic of Azerbaijan.

General information about book[edit]

The current Red Book consists of 6 sections and contains information on 42 rare and endangered mammal species, 71 bird species, 5 fish species, 16 amphibians and 14 reptile species, 40 insect species and 140 plant species.

The fauna and flora of the republic are included in the Red Book in 2 categories: endangered and rare species.

The first category includes species that have significantly decreased in number and range and reached crisis levels as a result of a number of adverse factors (extinction and destruction of habitat). Species that tend to be declining in number and are found in small areas are rare. Species of animals and plants that are little studied, do not have the necessary information about their number and resources in nature, and cause certain difficulties in the organization of their protection are also considered rare species.

According to the legislation, the "Red Book" of the Republic of Azerbaijan will be published every 10 years. The first edition of the Red Book was published in 1989.

Second edition of the Red Book[edit]

Although the law provides for the publication of a new edition every ten years, the second edition of the book was delayed by 24 years. That is, the second edition of the "Red Book" of the Republic of Azerbaijan was published in 2013.

The second edition of the Red Book of Azerbaijan is highly desirable. Under the leadership of Academician Jalal Aliyev, the "Red Book of the Republic of Azerbaijan" (second edition) was prepared and published, reflecting the results of the study of rare and endangered species of plants, fungi (Volume I) and Fauna (Volume II). Information on 300 higher and primary plants, as well as species of fungi and 223 fauna, their distribution, number and decline trends is included in the book for the first time.

The second edition of the Red Book provides information on the species of flora and fauna of the republic that need protection. Of the 300 species included in the list, 266 belong to higher plants, 20 to primary (6 algae, 13 mosses and 1 moss) plants and 14 to fungal species. Among the higher plants:

Lycophyta - 1 species, Horsetail - 1 species, Ferns - 4 species, Barefoot - 4 species, Bivalve - 256 species.

The second edition of the book includes 206 rare and endangered species.

Preservation of rare species of fauna and flora[edit]

Reserves and sanctuaries are being established in the Republic of Azerbaijan in order to preserve rare and endangered species of fauna and flora..

Berkut is a bird that lives in a limited area, mainly in the high mountains. The Caucasian tetra was recorded in the subalpine zone of the Lesser and Greater Caucasus, the green-headed duck on the shores of the Caspian Sea, in the reservoirs of the republic. The rock goat and the South Caucasus mouflon are currently found in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, while the gazelle is found only in the Shirvan reserve, Bandovan and Korchay. The Dagestan tour remained in the southern foothills of the Greater Caucasus, in the Balakan, Gabala, Zagatala and Ismayilli regions.

30 species of fish are caught in the fresh waters of the republic and in the Caspian Sea. Most of these fish are caught in the Kura River, lakes and streams around the Kura, as well as in the Mingachevir reservoir. Most of the fish caught are transient and semi-transient (growing in the sea, moving to rivers for spawning). The most valuable transient fish are salmon, sturgeon, long-nosed and regional. Hashm, shamayi, poru squid are also such fish. Sturgeon meat and black caviar are very valuable.

In addition, in the waters of the Republic of Azerbaijan there are semi-permeable fish of great industrial importance, such as bream, weight, sif, nakha, kulma, ziyad (kutum) and others.

Many herring, kilka and mullet are hunted in the Caspian Sea. After 1959, the number of industrially important fish decreased significantly due to the construction of various hydro-technical facilities in the Kura River, the regulation of the Kura River, the pollution of the Caspian Sea and other reasons. In order to restore and increase fish stocks, 3 plants (Kuragzi, Shirvan and Kura experimental breeding plants) were put into operation in the country for large-scale land reclamation and fish farming. At present, up to 20 million sturgeons, 600,000 salmon and more than 800 million bream, trout and juveniles are raised annually in fish farms and factories of the republic. In addition, the incubator, which has been operating at the Small Kyzylagach farm since 1980, grows more than 50,000 fish a year and releases them into the sea. In 2000, a new, modern plant capable of raising 20 million sturgeon babies was put into operation in Khilli.

Plants listed in the Red Book[edit]

Bulleted list item
Buxus hyrcana
Parrotia persica
Quercus castaneifolia
Ficus carica
Pyrus hyrcana
Gleditsia caspica
Persian silk tree
Diospyros lotus
Alnus subcordata
Danae racemosa
Ruscus Hyrcanus
Pinus eldarica Medw.
Rhododendron caucasicum
Polygonum convolvulus
Gentiana lagodekh
Cladochaeta
Taxus
Platanus orientalis
Galanthus caucasicus
Euonymus velutina Fisch.et C.A. Mey.
Astragalus Nakhchivan
Quercus araxina
Crocus caspicus
Water lilies
Parrotia persica caucasian

Animals listed in the Red Book[edit]

Phasianus colchicus talischensis
Poecile hyrcanus
Ciconia nigra
Pelecanus crispus
Marmaronetta angustirostris
Haliaeetus albicilla
Aquila heliaca
Berkut
Falco
Francolinus francolinus
Trout
Billy goat
Rupicapra rupicapra
Mouflon
Caucasian grouse
Caucasian snowcock
Steppe eagle
Juniperus foetidissima
Peregrine falcon
Bearded vulture
Great white pelican
Little bustard
Great bustard
Western swamphen
Eurasian spoonbill
Flamingo
Red-breasted goose
Mute swan
Tundra swan
Goitered gazelle
Sociable lapwing
White-tailed lapwing
Black-winged pratincole
Caspian tiger
Wildcat
Persian leopard
Armenian mouflon
Wild goat
Brown bear
Striped hyena
Lynx
Pallas's cat
Common bent-wing bat
Mediterranean horseshoe bat
European free-tailed bat
Marbled polecat
Pelobates syriacus
Smooth newt
Northern crested newt
Common toad
Montivipera xanthina
Persian ratsnake
Transcaucasian ratsnake
Greek tortoise
Trapelus
Heremites auratus
Twin-striped skink
Psammophis lineolatus
Phrynocephalus
Siberian crane
Saker falcon
Bearded vulture
Peregrine falcon
Osprey
Curlew
Short-toed snake eagle
Caspian snowcock
Northern goshawk
Turkestan tuviki
Black-bellied sandgrouse
White-throated robin
Lesser kestrel
Capra (genus)

References[edit]

1. https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az%C9%99rbaycan_Q%C4%B1rm%C4%B1z%C4%B1_Kitab%C4%B1 2. http://www.jbio.az/uploads/journal/37bb6e8f33005112cb2b2fc1eb89f5c2.pdf 3. http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/xalqqazeti/xalqqazeti_sentyabr2009/89200.htm