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Minerva Mills Ltd. and Ors. v. Union Of India and Ors
two conventions have also developed
Article 368 provides for two types of amendments:
Deccan Plateau.
generally poor in nitrogen, phosphorous and humus.
“upwelling.”
(Great Lakes : HOMES)
Kaziranga (Mora Di-Mora Dha Brhama k Diphlu)
four main rivers
Communist economy
Socialistic economy
FRBM Act
consists of two things
IFC
Functions:
Wood was the principal building material.
Tamang Selo
Koli dance
Kutiyattam
Ramman
Mudiyettu
Kalbelia
Chhau
Sankirtana
Nawrouz
Sangeet Natak Akademi
Jamdani
Brihat Samhita
Natya Sastra of Bharata
Brihaddesi of Matanga
Sangeeta Ratnakara of Sharangadeva
Sangeet Sudhakara of Haripala
Swaramelakalanidhi of Ramamatya
Jaimini Brahmana
dance and music.
emotions
Rasas.
Thaat.
Udayagiri caves
Kalibangan
Aihole
Meguti Temple
Pulakeshin II
Bardo Chham
Sherdukpen tribe
Bihu
Bagurumba
Dhol Cholom
Kummi
Mehrgarh
Kalighat Paintings
Abul Fazl,
dhrupad
Ain-e-Akbari
‘thumri’
“Khajuraho of Vidarbha”
Markandadeo
Vikramashila University
Pala Empire
Brahmi script
Kharoshthi script
Citadels
Government of India Act of 1858:
Lord Canning
Indian Councils Act of 1861
Gandhi - Irwin Pact
Palaeolithic period
Mehrgarh
shrenis
Gandhi-Irwin Pact
May day
Nehru Report
Dandi March
First Round Table Conference
Neolithic Revolution
Aitreya Brahmana
nishka
satamana
krishnala
Permanent Settlement
Amlah
Indian Councils Act of 1909
Morley-Minto Reforms
Biodiversity Hotspots
Shola forests
tropical Montane forests
Tipeshwar Wildlife Sanctuary
Bhandavgarh National Park
Raiganj Wildlife Sanctuary
BirdLife International
Biodiversity loss
Fly ash
Four major categories of ecosystem services
Phosphorous cycle
Alpha is the diversity
Beta diversity
Gamma diversity
the geographic diversity
Savanna or Sudan climate
eurythermal
stenothermal
Vermicomposting
42nd Amendment Act of 1976
5-EFoW&MAP
a Uniform Civil Code (Article 44)
Right to decent environment
73rd and 74th amendments,
Starred Questions
Unstarred Questions-
Short Notice Questions
Questions to Private Members
National Commission for Women
Article 368
pro-tem speaker
Article 368 in Part XX
it must also be ratified by the legislatures of half of the states by a simple majority,
The president must give his assent to the bill
Article 13
Part V
Union executive
Article 164
Sea floor
thermosphere
phytoplankton
Shallow continental shelves
Tsunamis
prohibits the formation of tropical cyclone between 0°-5° latitude)
Dendritic pattern
trellis pattern
rectangular drainage pattern
radial pattern
Circum-Pacific Belt
lpide Belt or Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt
Dharwar system
aurora
crust
‘hot spots’.
Southwest monsoon
Northeast monsoon
emperate Monsoon
China Type of climate
Climatic Condition:
GDP
Consumer Price Index — Industrial Workers (CPI-IW)
yield curve
First Five-year Plan
CRR
CRR does not have a direct bearing on fiscal deficit.
Alternative Investment Fund (AIF)
GDP deflator
currency deposit ratio (cdr)
cdr = CU/DD
Cash Reserve Ratio
Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs)
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
SDR
Inflation
capital receipt
Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM)
Shore Temple
Diwan-i-Khas or Hall of Private Audiences
Senia
Ashokan inscriptions
most widely used script was Brahmi
Kailasha or Kailashanatha temple
Musical Trinity - Tyagaraja, Muthuswami Dikshitar and Syama Sastri
Vaisheshika school
Bharhut stupa (in MP)
Queen Maya’s dream
Kabir
Ramacharithamanas
Panar and Viraliyar
Torana
Ajanta Caves
Most of paintings were depicted well before Gupta’s time
Rajaraja Chola I
Kuchipudi
nritta
mridangam, violin, flute and tambura
one of the major Indian classical dance
Andhra Pradesh
Abhaya Mudra
Dharmachakra Mudra
Uttarabodhi Mudra
Dhyana Mudra
Vitarka Mudra
Bhimbetka
Mesolithic or Middle Stone Age
microliths
jotedars
(adhiyars or bargadars)
gantidars or mandals
Treaty of Allahabad
Battle of Buxar
Treaty of Seringapatam
Treaty of Bassein
Painted Grey Ware culture (PGW)
Northern Black Polished Ware
annexations occurred under Lord Dalhousie
Doctrine of Lapse
Satara (1848), Sambalpur (1850), Udaipur (1852), Nagpur (1853) and Jhansi (1854)
1856, the Company also took over Awadh
Vandemataram Movement
Swadeshi Movement
Cripps mission
Ramanuja
Visishtadvaita
Dvaita
subsidiary alliance
Public safety bill
Champaran
Mauryan government
Curzon
Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918)
Mediterranean forests
Bioremediation
Biochemical Oxygen Demand or Biological Oxygen Demand
Ocean acidification
Grasslands
fungi
key elements
temperature, water, light and soil
Ramsar sites in India
Net primary productivity, or NPP
Net primary productivity
Acclimatization
adaptation
Bioluminescence
4 biodiversity hotspots
Karst Topography
Badlands
Moraines
Loess
Tillite
Placer Deposits
Shield Volcanoes
P and S-waves
thermal equator
summer solstice
winter solstice
Jet streams
types of mountains
western cyclonic disturbances
Roaring Forties
Steppe Climate
Chota Nagpur Plateau
Peninsular Block
Indian plate
Bhangar
Barind plains
bhur formations
Khadar
North India
Ashtadikpalas
•Rekha prasad/ Latina
• Phamsana
• Valabhis
i.e., Rekhapida, Pidhadeul and Khakra
Deula style
vimana (structure containing the sanctum), jagamohana (assembly hall), natamandira (festival hall) and bhoga- mandapa (hall of offerings)
Lingaraja temple
Rajarani temple of Bhubaneswar
Jagannatha (literally, lord of the world, a name for Vishnu) at Puri, Odisha
the local tribal people make the wooden image of the deity, which suggests that the deity was originally a local god, who was later identified with Vishnu
Khajuraho’s temples
many temples at Khajuraho, most of them devoted to Hindu gods
Kandariya Mahadeva Temple (Shiva)
Khajuraho
Lakshamana temple
The temple plan is of a panchayana type
Ancient temples of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan share many traits.
hills had their own tradition of wooden buildings with pitched roofs
Sometimes, the temple itself takes on a pagoda shape
Indians colonised Cambodia during the 1st century AD. They influenced the native people called the Khmer
Temples were built in South Indian style
temple is of the Dravidian style
the sculptures depict episodes from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.
The art of excavating temples from the rock was introduced by the Pallavas
Shore temple at Mamallapuram
Kailasanatha temple at Kanchi
finest examples of the early structural temples of the Pallavas
Shore temple at Mamallapuram and Kailasanatha temple at Kanchi
The Muktheeswara temple, Vaikundaperumal temple and Matagenswara temple at Kanchipuram
7th century, Mahabalipuram was a port city of South Indian dynasty of the Pallavas
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Mahabalipuram
Kanchipuram
production of fine silk saris
developed by the Pallavas
Mamandur inscription
Kudumianmalai inscription
Sittannavasal paintings
Dakshinchitra
instruction manual for painters
reign of the Chola kings who ruled over the region from the 9th to the 13th century
in the 11th century, when the Cholas reached their zenith of power
temples
Nataraja Shiva
Chola period bronze sculpture
Krishnadeva Raya’s rule
Vijayanagara rule
During Vijayanagara rule
carved with distinctive features
many Amman shrines
Hampi ruins
Kanchipuram
Ekamparanatha and Varadharaja
Vijayanagara style
Chidambaram and Thiruvannamalai
Hampi
nucleus of the Vijayanagara Empire
Moors (a name used collectively for Muslim merchants),
Krishnadeva Raya
The Vesara style
Vesara architecture
a hybrid of Nagara and Dravida style of temple
Pulakeshin I
were superseded by the Rashtrakutas
Pattadakal(Bijapur)
‘Pattadakisuvolal’
Thillai Natarajar Temple(Chidabaram)
Chennakesava Temple (Somanathapura)
Badami
the Rashtrakutas seized power from the Chalukyas.
Kailasa temple at Ellora is the greatest wonder of medieval Indian art created by Rashtrakutas
art and architecture of the Rashtrakutas at Ellora and Elephanta.
The Kailasa temple
excavated during the reign of Krishna I (Rashtrakutas)
Bengal:
Siddheshvara Mahadeva temple
The black to grey basalt and chlorite stone pillars
known across North India as the Bangla roof
Nalanda
Hill temple architecture in Kashmir
a strong Gandhara influence
garbhagriha and shikhara are made in a rekha- prasada or latina style, the mandapa is of an older form of wooden architecture
Karkota period of Kashmir is the most significant
Pandrethan
Jain temples at Mount Abu
great Jain pilgrimage site
Shatrunjay hills near Palitana in Kathiawar, Gujarat
Sri Ranganathaswamy temple
located on an island in Cauvery river
Pavurallakonda
Bheemunipatnam
Chudamani Vihara
Bhavnagar
Eastern Ganga dynasty
built famous Konark Sun Temple and Jagannath Temple, Puri
Western Ganga dynasty
large monolithic Bahubali of Shravanabelagola was built during their rule.
Ellora monuments were built during Hindu dynasties such as the Rashtrakuta dynasty
Sun temple Konark
Gadag style of architecture
Saraswati temple in the Trikuteshwara temple complex at Gadag
Doddabasappa Temple at Dambal, the Kasivisvesvara Temple at Lakkundi, and the Amriteshwara temple at Annigeri
Maru-Gurjara
Kalinga style of architecture
Rekha Deula are Lingaraj Temple of Bhubaneswar and Jagannath Temple of Puri
Ellora is not on the coastline
The Kandariya Mahadeva Temple
Karla Cells
The Dashavatara temple
features of the medieval architecture
lapis lazuli
Naqqar Khana
Saracenic, Persian and Turkish influences, Indo-Islamic structures were heavily influenced by prevailing sensibilities of Indian architectural and decorative forms
Indo-Islamic architecture
categorised into
architectural form was called ‘arcuate'
Malwa plateau is located in Central India
Mandu
perched on the Vindhya Range
Mandu
capital city of Ghauri Dynasty
complex mix of official and residential-cum-pleasure palace, pavilions, mosques, artificial reservoirs, baolis, embattlements
madrasa called Asharfi Mahal now lies in ruins
Jahaaz Mahal
Built by Sultan Ghiyasuddin Khilji
Pathan architecture
Muhammad-bin Tughluq
Charminar of Hyderabad is a remarkable structure of Bahmani architecture.
Qutub Minar
Dinpanah
Jahapanaha
The Delhi Sultanate period
The Turks
During Tughluq period
During the period of Ghiyasuddin Tughluq
Sher Shah Suri
Hindus were employed in important offices
Diwan-i-Khas or Hall of Private Audiences
Mughal architecture
Arch of the Buland Darwaja
Jodha Bai Palace is a fine example of ancient Indian architecture
Jama Masjid
Ibadat Khana and Panch Mahal
important buildings in the city of Fatehpur Sikri
Pietra dura
Pietra dura or pietre dure
Under Jahangir
Some important manuscripts illustrated during Jahangir’s period
Ayar-i-Danish
Anwar-i-sunavli
Mughal time
name Jantar Mantar
Delhi, Jaipur, Ujjain, Mathura and Varanasi.
Kangra Fort
Dilwara Temples
Indo-Saracenic Architecture
first Indo-Saracenic building is said to be the Chepauk Palace, located in the neighbourhood of Chepauk, in present-day Chennai (Madras)
full of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic remains.
Old Stone Age or the Palaeolithic Age
richest paintings are reported from the Vindhya ranges of Madhya Pradesh and their Kaimurean extensions into Uttar Pradesh
inspiration from religious texts like the Puranas, Indian epics,
Padmapani, Bodhisattva are some of the major examples
Ajanta caves
Harishena being a prominent one
done using fresco painting and demonstrate considerable naturalism.
triking features is the absence of blue colour in the paintings.
Mahaparinirvana of Buddha
reception given by Pulakeshin II to a Persian embassy
Ajanta caves
Sittanavasal Caves
Samava-sarana
(kevala-gnana)
Badami or Vatapi cave Badami mural paintings
also bear a close proximity to the Ajanta art which was a product of the Chitrasutra technique
Chitharal Jain Monuments
8th Skandha of the Bhagavata Purana
Anantha Shayanam mural painting
the Shadanga or Six Limbs of Indian Painting
Rupabheda
Pramanam
Bhava
Lavanya Yojanam
Sadrisyam
Varnikabhanga
Chola paintings
Sheshashayana
Nara-Narayan
Gajendramoksha
Kalam ezhuthu
Nayaka paintings were more or less an extension of the Vijayanagara style with minor regional modifications and incorporations
Badami Caves
Tirumalaipuram caves
Sittanvasal
miniature paintings
Mughal Painting style
Pala School of painting
Bundi School of Painting
Jogi Tribal Art
Rasamanjari
Basohli miniature paintings
Kangra School
Deccani School
Mughal painting
Deccan School of Painting
Madhubani paintings
Class of Electors who are eligible for ETPBS:
Quo warranto
Cyclones
GDP deflator
Core Inflation
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
Monetary Policy Framework Agreement
Accommodative monetary policy
Revenue expenditure
Financial Stability Report
Udayagiri Caves
Vaisheshika school
Sohrai Khovar painting
Abhidhamma Pitaka
Lomas Rishi Cave
Pala period (750 A.D. to the middle of the 12th century)
Jain doctrine
main architectural features of Odisha temples
Rajaraja Chola I
Namdev
Shiva, Maheshamurti
Sheshashayana
Nara-Narayan
Gajendramoksha
Regulating act of 1773
First Carnatic War (1744-48)
battle of Wandiwash
Raja Rammohan Roy (1772-1833)
Brahmo Sabha
Subsidiary alliance
Indigo planting
Bakasht lands
Mountbatten Plan
Harappan
Mauryan Administration
Santhal rebellion
Bodo Movement
mahajanapadas
Pitt’s India Act of 1784
First Buddhist Council
Megasthenes
Swadesamitran
Kesari
Mahratta
Bengalee
Amrita Bazar Patrika
Sudharak
Indian Mirror
Voice of India
Lucknow Pact
Karachi Congress Session—1931
Methanol
Agenda 21
Mangrove Sites
Corals
Zooxanthellae
Ozone layer depletion
biome
Indicator species
Phytoplanktons
Sea weeds
coral reefs
Ecological pyramid
Coral bleaching
Algae
Speaker
parliamentary committee
consultative committees
Standing Committees
Standing Committee
Ad hoc Committee
Public Accounts Committee
Motion of Thanks
Speaker Pro Tem
iron ore
Manganese deposits
Bauxite
Bhakra Nangal dam
Hirakud dam
Nagarjunasagar dam
Anticyclone
Dew point
Doldrums
polar vortex
Coriolis force
Caucasus Mountains
Tropic of Cancer
Direct taxes
White Label ATMs
Brown Label ATMs
Tax buoyancy
Call money rate
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Gross National Product (GNP)
Tax buoyancy
Transfer payments
Factor costs
Tirukkural
Indian Digital Heritage (IDH) Project
Painted Grey Ware culture (PGW)
alvars
prabandhas
Nayanars
Tevaram Stotras
Dravida Veda
Ashtadhyayi
Padmanabhaswamy temple
Indo-Saracenic
Thatheras