User:Hannahzmuzinski/sandbox
Risk Factors
[edit]Age
It was found that the incidence of achlorhydria in patients under the age of 60 was around 2.3%, whereas it was 5% in patients over the age of 60.[1] In a persons 30s, the prevalence is about 2.5%, and increases to 12% in a persons 80s.
An absence of hydrochloric acid increases with advancing age. A lack of hydrochloric acid produced by the stomach is one of the most common age-related caused of a harmed digestive system.[2]
Among men and women, 27% suffer from a varying degree of achlorhydria. US researchers found that over 30% of women and men over the age of 60 suffer from having little to no acid secretion in the stomach. Additionally, 40% of postmenopausal women have shown to have no basal gastric acid secretion in the stomach, with 39.8% occurring in females 80 to 89 years old [2]
Autoimmune Disorders
Autoimmune disorders are also linked to advancing age, specifically autoimmune gastritis, which is when the body produces unwelcomed antibodies and causes inflammation of the stomach. [1] Autoimmune disorders are also a cause for small bacterial growth in the bowel and a deficiency of Vitamin B-12. These have also proved to be factors of acid secretion in the stomach. [3]
Hypothyroidism: The thyroid hormone is a factor in the decreasing of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, thus hypothyroidism is associated with a greater risk of developing achlorhydria.[1]
Autoimmune conditions are often managed using various treatments, however these treatments have no known effect on achlorhydria.[1]
Other
[edit]Other risk factors include, over the counter acid- blocking medications and antibiotics that may be used to block stomach acid. These medications are often taken by individuals for a longer recommended dose, even years, despite causing reverse effects on stomach acid secretion. [3]
Stress has also been proven to be linked to symptoms associated with achlorhydria including constant belching, constipation, and abdominal pain.[3]
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- ^ a b c d Team 2, Health Jade (2019-09-02). "Achlorhydria definition, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment & prognosis". Health Jade. Retrieved 2019-11-15.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b English, James (2018-11-25). "Gastric Balance: Heartburn Not Always Caused by Excess Acid". Nutrition Review. Retrieved 2019-11-15.
- ^ a b c Kines, Kasia; Krupczak, Tina (2016-8). "Nutritional Interventions for Gastroesophageal Reflux, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Hypochlorhydria: A Case Report". Integrative Medicine: A Clinician's Journal. 15 (4): 49–53. ISSN 1546-993X. PMC 4991651. PMID 27574495.
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