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Male chest reconstruction

Currently the article needs verifiable sources as a lot of the information has no citations

Restructure of the intro and the article would be beneficial in cleaning up all the information. Maybe some additional content on healing, criterias and barriers to chest reconstruction, and so on may be nice.

Possibly add some pictures to help make the article look nicer.


These changes I feel would only be beneficial in helping the editors have sources for these materials, as well as possibly clean up the article. Any concerns of course can be talked about over the talk page to discuss the changes.

Male chest reconstruction may be performed in cases of gynecomastia and gender dysphoria.[1]

Coxsackie A virus leads to a number of diseases but the main signs and symptoms that appear with infection are fever and flu-like symptoms, mouth sores, and skin rashes.To elaborate on the signs and symptoms, patients may present with a low grade fever and sore throat, as well as general feeling of unwellness after three to six days of infection. Painful mouth sores (herpangina) may be present in the back of the mouth of the patient, which may make eating or drinking painful while the sores blister. These mouth sores usually appear a day or so after the flu like symptoms appear. Lastly a flat, red skin rash may appear on the patient, that may have fluid filled blisters and scabbing. These rashes can appear on the bottom of the feet, palm of hands, and then other areas of the body which can last for upwards to ten days.[2][3]

When the symptoms are incredibly severe, the patient may require hospitalization due to dehydration because they cannot swallow food or water from the severity of the blisters, or high fevers causing seizures/convulsions. Patients should look out for dry skin, unintentional weight loss, or decreased urine output/darkened urine, as these are signs of dehydration and patients should refer to their provider. Other serious complications include inflammatory brain conditions, such as viral meningitis or encephalitis.[4] Patients may also require professional health care intervention if the patient is immunocompromised, or the symptoms do not improve within ten days.[5][2][6]

The diagnosis of this disease centers around the fever and the rash or sores within the mouth, such as what they look like, and sometimes age.[2] A healthcare professional may choose to confirm the diagnosis through collecting samples from the sores in the mouth, the blisters from the skin rashes, as well as sometimes a stool sample just to rule anything else out.[5]


Coxsackie A virus leads to a number of diseases, however the most common signs and symptoms that appear with infection are fever and flu-like symptoms, mouth sores, and skin rashes. People who are infected may present with a low grade fever, sore throat, and other general discomfort three to six days subsequent to exposure. Painful mouth sores (herpangina) may be present in the back of the mouth. These sores usually appear 24 hours after flu like symptoms begin, and may blister, causing further discomfort when eating or drinking. A flat, red skin rash may appear on the patient, commonly accompanied by fluid filled blisters and scabbing. Rash will commonly present on the bottom of the feet, palm of hands, and other areas of the body, and persists upwards of ten days.[3][5]

When the symptoms are incredibly severe, patient may require hospitalization due to dehydration caused by inability to swallow food or water without tremendous pain, or seizures and convulsions due to a high fever. Patients should watch for signs of dry skin, unintentional weight loss, and decreased urine output/darkened urine. These are signs of severe dehydration and require medical intervention. Other serious complications include inflammatory brain conditions, such as viral meningitis and encephalitis.[6] If someone is immunocompromised, or symptoms persist for more than ten days, medical intervention is recommended. Professional healthcare intervention may be necessary if the someone is immunocompromised, or symptoms persist for more than ten days.[7][3][8]

The diagnosis of this disease centers around the appearance and behavior of fever, rash, and mouth sores.[3] A healthcare professional may choose to confirm the diagnosis through collecting samples from mouth sores and skin blisters, or a stool sample may also be ordered to rule out any other causes.[7]


References[edit]

  1. ^ Waltho, Daniel; Hatchell, Alexandra; Thoma, Achilleas (2017). "Gynecomastia Classification for Surgical Management: A Systematic Review and Novel Classification System". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 139 (3): 638e–648e. doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000003059. ISSN 0032-1052.
  2. ^ a b c CDC (2020). "Hand, Foot & Mouth Disease Symptoms". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 2020-07-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ Saguil A, Kane SF, Lauters R, Mercado MG (October 2019). "Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease: Rapid Evidence Review". American Family Physician. 100 (7): 408–414. PMID 31573162.
  4. ^ "Coxsackievirus". www.uspharmacist.com. Retrieved 31 July 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b "Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD)". Princeton Emergency Management. Retrieved 2020-07-30.
  6. ^ "Hand-foot-mouth disease". MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2020-07-30.