User:LingKing77/Diphthong

A diphthong (/ˈdɪfθɔːŋ, ˈdɪp-, -θɒŋ/ DIF-thawng, DIP-, -⁠thong; from Ancient Greek δίφθογγος (díphthongos) 'two sounds', from δίς (dís) 'twice', and φθόγγος (phthóngos) 'sound'), also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable. Technically, a diphthong is a vowel with two different targets: that is, the tongue (and/or other parts of the speech apparatus) moves during the pronunciation of the first vowel to the position used for the second vowel. In most varieties of English, the phrase "no highway cowboy" (/noʊ ˈhaɪweɪ ˈkaʊbɔɪ/) has five distinct diphthongs, one in every syllable.

Diphthongs contrast with monophthongs, where the tongue or other speech organs do not move and the syllable contains only a single vowel sound. For instance, in English, the word ah is pronounced as a monophthong (/ɑː/), while the word ow is pronounced as a diphthong in most varieties (/aʊ/). Where two adjacent vowel sounds occur in different syllables (e.g. in the English word re-elect) the result is described as hiatus, not as a diphthong. (The English word hiatus (/ˌhaɪˈeɪtəs/) is itself an example of both hiatus and diphthongs.)

Diphthongs often form when separate vowels merged in rapid speech during a conversation. However, there are also unitary diphthongs, as in the English examples above, which are heard by listeners as single-vowel sounds (phonemes).

The non-syllabic diacritic, the inverted breve below ⟨◌̯⟩, is placed under the less prominent part of a diphthong. This shows that the neighboring vowels form a diphthong rather than representing a vowel in a separate syllable: [aɪ̯ aʊ̯].