User:Macybartlett/Incarceration in the United States
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Prison education in the United States **add as sub-section after Recidivism in Imprisonment section**[edit]
Prison education encompasses any type of educational program offered within a prison, including literacy programs, high school or GED equivalent programs, vocational education, and tertiary education. In the early 1800s, tutors began to enter prisons and the idea of punishment began to shift towards rehabilitation. By the early 1990s, there were over 350 prison education programs nationwide.[1] In 1994, Bill Clinton signed the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act into law, which barred incarcerated people from receiving Pell Grants. This caused the number of educational programs to quickly decline due to a lack of federal funding.[2]
Prison education has proven to lower recidivism rates and increase employment for graduates upon release. A 2013 study conducted by the Rand Corporation found that correctional education led to a significant reduction in recidivism rates, and those who participated in prison education programs showed "43% lower odds of recidivating than inmates who did not.”[3] That same study showed that individuals who received vocational education and training saw a 28% increase in employment following incarceration, and those who participated in strictly academic educational programs saw an 8% increase in employment.[3]
References[edit]
- ^ Altschuler, David Skorton and Glenn. "College Behind Bars: How Educating Prisoners Pays Off". Forbes. Retrieved 2023-05-19.
- ^ Strait, Abigail; Eaton, Susan (2016). "Post-Secondary Education for People in Prison" (PDF). SOCIAL JUSTICE FUNDERS OPPORTUNITY BRIEF. 1 – via The Sillerman Center for the Advancement of Philanthropy.
- ^ a b Davis, Lois M.; Bozick, Robert; Steele, Jennifer L.; Saunders, Jessica; Miles, Jeremy N. V. (2013-08-22). "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Correctional Education: A Meta-Analysis of Programs That Provide Education to Incarcerated Adults". doi:10.7249/rr266.
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