User:Megflats/Frame analysis
Frame analysis looks at images, stereotypes metaphors, actors, messages, and more.[1] It examines how important these factors are and how and why they are chosen.[1] It is related to the concept of agenda-setting. Framing influences how people interpret or process information.[2] This can set an agenda. However, frame analysis goes beyond agenda-setting by examining the issues rather than the topics.[2]
Frame analysis is usually done in regard to news media.[2] However, framing is inevitable, as everyone does it.[2] It can speed up the process of interpretation as well as writing and presenting the news.[3] People just may not realize they are using frames.[2] When people are aware that they are using framing, there are several techniques that can be used. These may include: metaphor, stories, tradition, slogan, jargon, catchphrase, artifact, contrast or spin.[1]
Distinctions within Primary Frameworks
[edit]In his book, Goffman said that people use their primary framework to examine their world.[2] There are also distinctions within primary frameworks. There are natural and social frameworks.[2] Natural frameworks don't apply social forces to situations.[2] They just exist naturally. However, social frameworks do apply social forces to situations.[2] The two are connected because social frameworks stem from natural frameworks.[2]
Content analysis in framing
[edit]The deductive frame analysis pre-defines frames and then looks for them in the news to see which stories fit into the definitions.[4] The inductive frame analysis requires that a story is analyzed first.[4] The researcher looks for possible frames that have been loosely defined.[4]
Common Frames in the News
[edit]- Conflict: conflicts between individual people, groups, institutions, etc.[4]
- Economic consequences: looks at the economic consequences of a situation in the news and how it may affect people, groups, institutions, etc. economically[4]
- Human interest: adds emotion or a human side to an issue, event, etc.[4]
- Morality: applies religious or moral beliefs to a situation[4]
- Responsibility: makes someone (individual, group, institution, etc.) responsible for a situation[4]
Other examples of frames may include: health severity, thematic and episodic, medical, uncertainty, alarmist.[3] What frames are used depends on the event at hand.
Peer Review
[edit]<nowiki>Your content is neutral, right on point. All of your sources are from reliable academic journals. There are no unsourced statements which is great. I like how you thoroughly explain the common frames in the news because some readers may be unaware of the distinction between each. You referenced all 4 sources, so the article is adding multiple sources and points of view. The headings make it easy to follow along with and doesn't lose the readers attention. Overall, good job. Elynch47 (talk) 20:27, 20 February 2020 (UTC)@Elynch47
- ^ a b c Matthes, J (2009). "WHAT'S IN A FRAME? A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF MEDIA FRAMING STUDIES IN THE WORLD'S LEADING COMMUNICATION JOURNALS, 1990-2005". Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly. 86: 349–367 – via ProQuest Central.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Framing Theory". Mass Communication Theory. 2011-03-17. Retrieved 2020-02-15.
- ^ a b Dan, Viorela; Raupp, Juliana (2018-08-18). "A systematic review of frames in news reporting of health risks: Characteristics, construct consistency vs. name diversity, and the relationship of frames to framing functions". Health, Risk & Society. 20 (5–6): 203–226. doi:10.1080/13698575.2018.1522422. ISSN 1369-8575.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Semetko, Holli A.; Valkenburg, Patti M. Valkenburg (2000-06-01). "Framing European politics: A Content Analysis of Press and Television News". Journal of Communication. 50 (2): 93–109. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02843.x. ISSN 0021-9916.