Jump to content

User:Merosonox/Greek alphabet

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Main letters

[edit]

Below is a table listing the Greek letters, as well as their forms when romanized. The table also provides the equivalent Phoenician letter from which each Greek letter is derived. Pronunciations transcribed using the International Phonetic Alphabet.

The classical pronunciation given below is the reconstructed pronunciation of Attic in the late 5th and early 4th century (BC). Some of the letters had different pronunciations in pre-classical times or in non-Attic dialects. For details, see History of the Greek alphabet and Ancient Greek phonology. For details on post-classical Ancient Greek pronunciation, see Koine Greek phonology.

Letter Corresponding
Phoenician
letter
Name Transliteration1 Pronunciation Numeric
value
English Ancient
Greek
Medieval
Greek
(polytonic)
Modern
Greek
Ancient
Greek
Modern
Greek
Classical
Ancient
Greek
Modern
Greek
Α α Aleph Aleph Alpha ἄλφα άλφα a [a] [aː] [a] 1
Β β Beth Beth Beta βῆτα βήτα b v [b] [v] 2
Γ γ Gimel Gimel Gamma γάμμα γάμμα
γάμα
g gh, g, y [ɡ] [ɣ], [ʝ] 3
Δ δ Daleth Daleth Delta δέλτα δέλτα d d, dh, th [d] [ð] 4
Ε ε He He Epsilon εἶ ἒ ψιλόν έψιλον e [e] 5
Ζ ζ Zayin Zayin Zeta ζῆτα ζήτα z [zd]
(or [dz])
later [zː]
[z] 7
Η η Heth Heth Eta ἦτα ήτα e, ē i [ɛː] [i] 8
Θ θ Teth Teth Theta θῆτα θήτα th [tʰ] [θ] 9
Ι ι Yodh Yodh Iota ἰῶτα ιώτα
γιώτα
i [i] [iː] [i], [ʝ] 10
Κ κ Kaph Kaph Kappa κάππα κάππα
κάπα
k [k] [k], [c] 20
Λ λ Lamedh Lamedh Lambda λάβδα λάμβδα λάμδα
λάμβδα
l [l] 30
Μ μ Mem Mem Mu μῦ μι
μυ
m [m] 40
Ν ν Nun Nun Nu νῦ νι
νυ
n [n] 50
Ξ ξ Samekh Samekh Xi ξεῖ ξῖ ξι x x, ks [ks] 60
Ο ο Ayin 'Ayin Omicron οὖ ὂ μικρόν όμικρον o [o] 70
Π π Pe Pe Pi πεῖ πῖ πι p [p] 80
Ρ ρ Res Resh Rho ῥῶ ρω r (: rh) r [r], [r̥] [r] 100
Σ σ ς Sin Sin Sigma σῖγμα σίγμα s [s] 200
Τ τ Taw Taw Tau ταῦ ταυ t [t] 300
Υ υ Waw Waw Upsilon ὖ ψιλόν ύψιλον u, y y, v, f [y] [yː]
(earlier [ʉ] [ʉː])
[i] 400
Φ φ origin disputed
(see text)
Phi φεῖ φῖ φι ph f [pʰ] [f] 500
Χ χ Chi χεῖ χῖ χι ch ch, kh [kʰ] [x], [ç] 600
Ψ ψ Psi ψεῖ ψῖ ψι ps [ps] 700
Ω ω Ayin 'Ayin Omega ὦ μέγα ωμέγα o, ō o [ɔː] [o] 800