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Etymology for page Handroanthus heptaphyllus
[edit]Its tribe name, "Tecomeae", is derived from its Brazilian vernacular name: tabebuia or taiaveruia. Its species name, "heptaphyllus", is derived from the Greek prefixes "hepta" and "phyllon" meaning "seven" and "leaf" respectively.
Virulence
[edit]Pili are responsible for virulence in the pathogenic strains of many species of bacteria including E. coli, Vibrio cholerae, and many strains of Streptococcus among others.[1][2] This is because the presence of pili greatly enhance bacteria's ability to bind to body tissues, which then increases replication rates and ability to interact with the host organism.[1] If a species of bacteria has multiple strains but only some are pathogenic, it is likely that the pathogenic strains will have pili while the nonpathogenic strains won't. [3][4]
These attachment pili may then result in the development of further virulence traits. V. cholerae first evolved pili, allowing it to bind to human tissues and form microcolonies. [1][4] The pilus then served as a binding site for a lysogenic bacteriophage (CTXɸ) that carries the disease-causing toxin. [1][4] The gene for this toxin, once incorporated into the bacterium's genome, is expressed when the gene coding for the pilus is expressed (hence the name "toxin mediated pilus").[1]
- ^ a b c d e Craig, Lisa; Taylor, Ronald (2014). "Chapter 1: The Vibrio cholerae Toxin Coregulated Pilus: Structure, Assembly, and Function with Implications for Vaccine Design". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 1–16. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.
- ^ Rinaudo, Daniela; Moschioni, Monica (2014). "Chapter 13: Pilus-based Vaccine Development in Streptococci: Variability, Diversity, and Immunological Resposes". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 182–202. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.
- ^ Todar, Kenneth. "Textbook of Bacteriology: Bacterial Structure in Relationship to Pathogenicity". Textbook of Bacteriology. Retrieved 11/24/2017.
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(help) - ^ a b c Georgiadou, Michaella; Pelicic, Vladimir (2014). "Chapter 5: Type IV Pili: Functions & Biogenesis". In Barocchi, Michèle; Telford, John (eds.). Bacterial Pili: Structure, Synthesis, and Role in Disease. C.A.B. International. pp. 71–84. ISBN 978-1-78064-255-0.