[1]
![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png) | Bibliography
As you gather the sources for your Wikipedia contribution, think about the following:
- Is the source from a reliable publication?
- Reliable publications include established newspapers, academic journals and books, textbooks, and other published sources with reputations for accuracy and fact-checking.
- Unreliable sources include blog posts and other self-published works, press releases, and social media posts.
- Is the source verifiable?
- In order for a source to be considered verifiable, other editors should be able to consult the source.
- Is the source independent of the subject?
- Is the source connected in any way to the subject? This is especially important when writing biographies or about organizations.
- For example, if you were writing a biography, sources like the person's webpage or personal blog would not be considered independent.
- Is the source primary or secondary?
- Primary sources include first-hand accounts, autobiographies, and other original content.
- Wikipedia allows limited use of primary sources, but typically only for straightforward, descriptive statements of facts, and only if they are published and verifiable without requiring specialized knowledge.
- Secondary sources should be the main basis for a biography on Wikipedia.
- If you're working on a topic related to medicine or psychology, ensure that your sources follow these special guidelines.
- If you're creating a new article, consider the following:
- Ensure that your topic meets Wikipedia's notability guidelines.
- In order for a topic to meet the notability requirement, you must be able to identify 2-3 sources that are reliable, verifiable, and independent of the subject you're writing about.
- Finding sufficient sources to establish notability can be especially hard when writing about people or organizations.
- Sources that are not independent of the subject might be useful additions, but don't count towards the notability requirement.
- Wikipedia has developed special guidelines for writing about living persons. Please follow these carefully.
- Wikipedia has a series of guidelines for writing about different categories of people, such as academics and artists. If you're trying to create a new entry about a living person, please look at these carefully.
If you're not sure whether a source is reliable, ask a librarian! If you have questions about Wikipedia's sourcing rules, you can use the Get Help button below to contact your Wikipedia Expert.
|
Shvarts, Shifra. “Glossary.” The Workers’ Health Fund in Eretz Israel: Kupat Holim, 1911-1937, Boydell & Brewer, 2002, pp. 319–26. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7722/j.ctt7zsv0p.21. Accessed 16 Mar. 2023
Geffen, Joel S. “Jewish Agricultural Colonies as Reported in the Pages of the Russian Hebrew Press ‘Ha-Melitz’ and ‘Ha-Yom’: Annotated Documentary.” American Jewish Historical Quarterly, vol. 60, no. 4, 1971, pp. 355–82. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23878034. Accessed 16 Mar. 2023.
Margalit Shilo (1994) The immigration policy of the Zionist institutions 1882–1914, Middle Eastern Studies, 30:3, 597-617, DOI: 10.1080/00263209408701013
Salmon, Yosef. “Ideology and Reality in the Bilu ‘Aliyah.’” Harvard Ukrainian Studies, vol. 2, no. 4, 1978, pp. 430–66. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/41035804. Accessed 16 Mar. 2023.
Ben-Bassat, Yuval. “Proto-Zionist–Arab Encounters in Late Nineteenth-Century Palestine: Socioregional Dimensions.” Journal of Palestine Studies, vol. 38, no. 2, 2009, pp. 42–63. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.1525/jps.2009.38.2.42. Accessed 16 Mar. 2023.
Miller, Irving. “NEW DIRECTIONS FOR ZIONISM.” Journal of International Affairs, vol. 12, no. 2, 1958, pp. 138–44. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/24355623. Accessed 16 Mar. 2023.
Avineri, Shlomo. The Wilson Quarterly (1976-), vol. 8, no. 4, 1984, pp. 140–41. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40256788. Accessed 16 Mar. 2023.
Margalit Shilo. “The Transformation of the Role of Women in the First Aliyah, 1882-1903.” Jewish Social Studies, vol. 2, no. 2, 1996, pp. 64–86. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4467472. Accessed 16 Mar. 2023.