User:Mr. Ibrahem/Rotator cuff tear
| Rotator cuff tear | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Rotator cuff injury, rotator cuff disease |
 | |
| Some of the muscles of the rotator cuff, with a tear in the supraspinatus muscle | |
| Specialty | Orthopedics |
| Symptoms | Shoulder pain, weakness[1] |
| Types | Partial, complete[2] |
| Diagnostic method | Based on symptoms, examination, medical imaging[2] |
| Differential diagnosis | Subacromial bursitis, rotator cuff tendinitis, impingement syndrome[1][3] |
| Treatment | Pain medication, specific exercises, surgery[1] |
| Frequency | Common[2] |
A rotator cuff tear is an injury of one or more of the tendons or muscles of the rotator cuff of the shoulder.[4] Symptoms may include shoulder pain, which is often worse with movement, or weakness.[1] This may limit people’s ability to brush their hair or put on clothing.[4] Clicking may also occur with movement of the arm.[4]
Tears may occur as the result of a sudden force or gradually over time.[2] Risk factors include certain repetitive activities, smoking, and a family history of the condition.[1][2][5] Diagnosis is based on symptoms, examination, and medical imaging.[2] The rotator cuff is made up of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis.[1] The supraspinatus is the most commonly affected.[2]
Treatment may include pain medication such as NSAIDs and specific exercises.[1] It is recommended that people who are unable to raise their arm above 90 degrees after 2 weeks should be further assessed.[6] In severe cases surgery may be tried, however benefits of surgery are unclear as of 2019.[1][7] Rotator cuff tears are common.[2] Those over the age of 40 are most often affected.[2] The condition has been described since at least the early 1800s.[8]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Rotator Cuff Injury/Subacromial Bursitis". Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Archived from the original on 12 October 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Rotator Cuff Tears". OrthoInfo – AAOS. Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
- ^ Ferri, Fred F. (2016). BOPOD – Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2017: 5 Books in 1. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 1118e2. ISBN 9780323448383. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
- ^ a b c John M. Eisenberg Center for Clinical Decisions and Communications Science (2005). "Treatment Options for Rotator Cuff Tears: A Guide for Adults". PMID 21919268.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Rotator Cuff Tears". Orthobullets. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
- ^ Craig R, Holt T, Rees JL (December 2017). "Acute rotator cuff tears". BMJ. 359: j5366. doi:10.1136/bmj.j5366. PMID 29229593.
- ^ Karjalainen, TV; Jain, NB; Heikkinen, J; Johnston, RV; Page, CM; Buchbinder, R (9 December 2019). "Surgery for rotator cuff tears". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 12: CD013502. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013502. PMC 6900168. PMID 31813166.
- ^ Pandey V, Jaap Willems W (January 2015). "Rotator cuff tear: A detailed update". Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology. 2 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1016/j.asmart.2014.11.003. PMC 5730646. PMID 29264234.