User:Mr. Ibrahem/Shin splints

Shin splints
Other names	Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS), soleus syndrome, tibial stress syndrome, periostitis
Red area represents the tibia. Pain is generally in the inner and lower 2/3rds of tibia.
Specialty	Sports medicine
Symptoms	Pain along the inside edge of the shinbone
Complications	Stress fracture
Risk factors	Runners, dancers, military personnel
Diagnostic method	Based on symptoms, medical imaging
Differential diagnosis	Stress fracture, tendinitis, exertional compartment syndrome
Treatment	Rest with gradual return to exercise
Prognosis	Good
Frequency	4 to 35% (at risk groups)

A shin splint is pain along the inside edge of the shinbone (tibia) due to inflammation of tissue in the area. Generally this is between the middle of the lower leg to the ankle. The pain may be dull or sharp and is generally brought on by exercise. It generally resolves during periods of rest. Complications may include stress fractures.

Shin splints typically occur due to excessive physical activity. Groups that are commonly affected include runners, dancers, and military personnel. The underlying mechanism is not entirely clear. Diagnosis is generally based on the symptoms, with medical imaging done to rule out other possible causes.

Shin splints are generally treated by rest followed by a gradual return to exercise. Other measures such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cold packs, physical therapy, and compression may be used. Shoe insoles may help some people. Surgery is rarely required, but may be done if other measures are not effective. Rates of shin splints in at-risk groups range from 4% to 35%. The condition occurs more often in women. It was first described in 1958.