User:OliviaHall10/Border Cell (brain)
Wikipedia Proposal: Border cell (brain)
Olivia Hall, Patrick Scherer, Greg Zandrow
This is the proposal for our Wikipedia project on border cells in the brain. This is an outline for how the page will appear. Each week we will meet to delegate specific research subtopics and discuss previous findings. Each group member will be responsible for certain subtopics, but we will work together to finalize the product.
Introduction
[edit]Border cells are crucial in spatial recognition pathways in the parasubiculum and medial entorhinal cortex. They provide information about boundaries and edges of a field regardless of the orientation of the viewer.
Discovery
[edit]We will discuss the discovery of border cells by Dr. Neil Burgess in 2000.
Anatomy
[edit]Border cells are sparse and found in the medial entorhinal cortex and the parasubiculum. They are intermingled with head-direction, place and grid cells, which together form a cognitive-spatial map.
We plan to discuss the entorhinal cortex and parasubiculum functions and locations in further detail.
Function
[edit]Border cells are thought to be activated in response to the presence of edges of proximal environments. The parasubiculum integrates spatial information from the head-direction, grid, place and border cells. Research also suggests that border cells provide information necessary for trajectory planning.
We plan to discuss the function of both the head-directional and grid cells in further detail, as their function is important in conjunction with the function of border cells.
Research Methods
[edit]Brain imaging was integral in determining when and why certain border cells were active, so we plan to discuss how these functional images were interpreted.
Border scores are mathematical representations that were used statistically to determine the activity of border cells in response to changing boundaries. We will discuss how these values were calculated and what they mean.
References
[edit]1. Trygve Solstad, Charlotte N. Boccara, Emilio Kropff, May-Britt Moser, and Edvard I. Moser, Representation of Geometric Borders in the Entorhinal Cortex, Science 19 December 2008: 322 (5909), 1865-1868.
2. Stefan Leutgeb, Jill K Leutgeb, May-Britt Moser, Edvard I Moser, Place cells, spatial maps and the population code for memory, Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Volume 15, Issue 6, December 2005, Pages 738-746, ISSN 0959-4388, 10.1016/j.conb.2005.10.002.
3. Dori Derdikman, Edvard I. Moser, A manifold of spatial maps in the brain, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Volume 14, Issue 12, December 2010, Pages 561-569, ISSN 1364-6613, 10.1016/j.tics.2010.09.004.
4. Colin Lever, Stephen Burton, Ali Jeewajee, John O'Keefe, and Neil Burgess, Boundary Vector Cells in the Subiculum of the Hippocampal Formation, The Journal of Neuroscience, 5 August 2009, 29(31):9771-9777;doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1319-09.2009
5. Boccara, Charlotte, Francesca Sargolini, Veslemøy Hult Thoresen, Trygve Solstad, Menno Witter, Edvard Moser, and May-Britt Moser. "Grid cells in pre- and parasubiculum." Nature Neuroscience. 13. (2010): 987-994. Web. 16 Sep. 2012.
6. Burgess, Neil, Andrew Jackson, Tom Hartley, and John O'Keefe. "Predictions derived from modelling the hippocampal role in navigation." Biological Cybergenetics. 83. (2000): 301-312. Web. 16 Sep. 2012.
7. Hartley, Tom, N Burgess, C Lever, F Cacucci, and J O'Keefe. "Modeling Place Fields in Terms of the Cortical Inputs to the Hippocampus." Hippocampus. 10. (2000): 369-379. Web. 16 Sep. 2012.