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Intergin-Linked Kinase Protein 1 and immunity within plants.

Intergin-Linked Kinase Protein (ILK1) is an important part of a plants immune system, and defense against pathogens. This particular proteins main function is for motility at the cellular level ^[1] this motility helps within the signaling of pathogens, as an extracellular membrane receptor. Whilst being used as an extracellular membrane receptor, it helps with abiotic and biotic stress responses, environmental stress responses, and also encourages growth of the plant. ILK contains substitutions in conserved amino-acid motifs, which make them essential for enzymatic activity, these tow things together makes them classified as pseudokinases.^[2] ^[3]

^ Brauer, Elizabeth K.; Ahsan, Nagib; Dale, Renee; Kato, Naohiro; Coluccio, Alison E.; Piñeros, Miguel A.; Kochian, Leon V.; Thelen, Jay J.; Popescu, Sorina C. (2016-6). "The Raf-like Kinase ILK1 and the High Affinity K+ Transporter HAK5 Are Required for Innate Immunity and Abiotic Stress Response1[OPEN]". Plant Physiology. 171 (2): 1470–1484. doi:10.1104/pp.16.00035. ISSN 0032-0889. PMC 4902592. PMID 27208244. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
^ Brauer, Elizabeth K.; Ahsan, Nagib; Dale, Renee; Kato, Naohiro; Coluccio, Alison E.; Piñeros, Miguel A.; Kochian, Leon V.; Thelen, Jay J.; Popescu, Sorina C. (June 2016). "The Raf-like Kinase ILK1 and the High Affinity K+ Transporter HAK5 Are Required for Innate Immunity and Abiotic Stress Response". Plant Physiology. 171 (2): 1470–1484. doi:10.1104/pp.16.00035. ISSN 1532-2548. PMC 4902592. PMID 27208244.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
^ Knepper, Caleb; Savory, Elizabeth A.; Day, Brad (May 2011). "Arabidopsis NDR1 is an integrin-like protein with a role in fluid loss and plasma membrane-cell wall adhesion". Plant Physiology. 156 (1): 286–300. doi:10.1104/pp.110.169656. ISSN 1532-2548. PMC 3091050. PMID 21398259.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

[1] Brauer, Elizabeth K.; Ahsan, Nagib; Dale, Renee; Kato, Naohiro; Coluccio, Alison E.; Piñeros, Miguel A.; Kochian, Leon V.; Thelen, Jay J.; Popescu, Sorina C. (2016-6). "The Raf-like Kinase ILK1 and the High Affinity K+ Transporter HAK5 Are Required for Innate Immunity and Abiotic Stress Response1[OPEN]". Plant Physiology. 171 (2): 1470–1484. doi:10.1104/pp.16.00035. ISSN 0032-0889. PMC 4902592. PMID 27208244. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

[2] Brauer, Elizabeth K.; Ahsan, Nagib; Dale, Renee; Kato, Naohiro; Coluccio, Alison E.; Piñeros, Miguel A.; Kochian, Leon V.; Thelen, Jay J.; Popescu, Sorina C. (June 2016). "The Raf-like Kinase ILK1 and the High Affinity K+ Transporter HAK5 Are Required for Innate Immunity and Abiotic Stress Response". Plant Physiology. 171 (2): 1470–1484. doi:10.1104/pp.16.00035. ISSN 1532-2548. PMC 4902592. PMID 27208244.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

[3] Knepper, Caleb; Savory, Elizabeth A.; Day, Brad (May 2011). "Arabidopsis NDR1 is an integrin-like protein with a role in fluid loss and plasma membrane-cell wall adhesion". Plant Physiology. 156 (1): 286–300. doi:10.1104/pp.110.169656. ISSN 1532-2548. PMC 3091050. PMID 21398259.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

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