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Vladimir Samoylovich Horowitz[n 1] (October 1 [O.S. September 18] 1903 – November 5, 1989) was an American pianist of Ukrainian birth[1]





The most numerous number of research papers on the composer comes from Ukraine, with scholars addressing his music, its performance practices, its belonging to Ukrainian heritage as well as the fact that “Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately.” [2][3][4][5] [6][7][8]


Reflects a worldwide practice of musicians, music publishers, presenters, and news organizations to present the subject to the public as such. [9][10] [11][12] [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]



Options 1 and 2 ignore scholars and musicians who do describe Bortkiewicz as a Ukrainian composer, which are far more numerous. Besides Western scholars presented above for the option 3 and 4 there are Ukrainian scholars who refer to the composer as Ukrainian, [21][22][23][24]belonging to Ukrainian heritage[25][26] [27][28]as well as the fact that “Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately.” [29] Why should all of these evidence be ignored in favor of option 1,2?


  • Sergei Bortkiewicz (28 February 1877 [O.S. 16 February] – 25 October 1952) was a Ukrainian Romantic composer and pianist.

Pros

  • Reflects a shift in the Western world to recognize Ukrainian people as a separate nation from Russia and refer to people from Ukraine as such.[30] [31][32][33][34][35][36]
  • As Bortkiewicz comes from a Ukrainian city of Kharkiv, which predates the Russian Empire and has remained one of the strongest centers of Ukrainian Culture throughout the centuries[37], he is considered “one of the most prominent representatives of the Ukrainian musical culture” by Ukrainian scholars.[38] 
  • The most comprehensive and wide range of research on the composer comes from Ukraine, with scholars addressing his music, its performance practices[39][40]and its belonging to Ukrainian heritage[41][42] [43][44]as well as the fact that “Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately.” [45]
  • The only extended biography of the composer available as a book “Sergei Bortkiewicz. A score of Life”[46]is written by Mykola Sukach, conductor of Chernikhiv Philharmonic Orchestra, who has performed all printed scores of Bortkiewicz. The book draws from the composer’s letters and describes Bortkiewicz’s life in great detail. The book draws from the composer’s letters and describes Bortkiewicz’s life in great detail. It introduces the composer to the reader as “the undeservedly forgotten Ukrainian composer” and “ outstanding Ukrainian composer of the first half of the 20th century”
  • Reflects a worldwide practice of musicians, music publishers[47][48]

[49][50]presenters, and news organizations[51][52][53][54][55][56]to present the subject to the public as such.

Cons

  • Potentially confusing to the reader as older sources refer to the subject as Russian
  • As separation of Ukrainian nation from Russia remains incomplete in certain spheres of western political and cultural discourse, some readers may interpret referring to Bortkiewicz as Ukrainian as simplifying the issue.

Comment - Characterizes him as born in Ukraine rather than as Ukrainian.

Option 4:

[edit]
  • Sergei Bortkiewicz (28 February 1877 [O.S. 16 February] – 25 October 1952) was a Ukrainian-born Romantic composer and pianist.

Pros

  • While various sources give more weight to particular national influences and associations of the composer, most agree that the place of origin of the subject is Ukraine.
  • Acknowledges composer’s place of origin using its modern name.
  • Takes into consideration sources that view Ukraine as part of Imperial Russia while still specifying subject’s place of origin

Cons

  • doesn’t acknowledge the subject as belonging to Ukrainian cultural heritage
  • leaves room for further disputes

Comment - Characterizes him as Ukrainian, not merely born in Ukraine.






Option 3:

  • Sergei Bortkiewicz (28 February 1877 [O.S. 16 February] – 25 October 1952) was a Ukrainian composer and pianist.


Pros

  • Reflects a shift in the Western world to recognize Ukrainian people as a separate nation from Russia and refer to people from Ukraine as such.ref>Chen, YI Jing (August 2021). "The First Movements of Sergei Bortkiewicz's Two< Piano Sonatas, Op. 9 and Op. 60: A Comparison including Schenkerian Analysis and an Examination of Classical and Romantic Influences": 4. Sergei Bortkiewicz was a renown Ukrainian composer and pianist {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)</ref> [57][58][59][60][61][62]
  • As Bortkiewicz comes from a Ukrainian city of Kharkiv, which predates the Russian Empire and has remained one of the strongest centers of Ukrainian Culture throughout the centuries[63], he is considered “one of the most prominent representatives of the Ukrainian musical culture” by Ukrainian scholars.[64] 
  • The most comprehensive and wide range of research on the composer comes from Ukraine, with scholars addressing his music, its performance practices[65][66]and its belonging to Ukrainian heritage[67][68] [69][70]as well as the fact that “Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately.” [71]Bortkiewicz's connection with his home remained strong as he continued to come back to it until he had to flee in 1919 in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution. 
  • The only extended biography of the composer available as a book “Sergei Bortkiewicz. A score of Life”[72]is written by Mykola Sukach, conductor of Chernikhiv Philharmonic Orchestra, who has performed all printed scores of Bortkiewicz. The book draws from the composer’s letters and describes Bortkiewicz’s life in great detail. In the introduction, it is described as a book about “the undeservedly forgotten Ukrainian composer Sergei Eduardovich Bortkiewicz” and “ this is the world's first biographical study of the life and work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer of the first half of the 20th century, Sergei Bortkiewicz, presented by the author in the form of a biographical work.”





The only extended biography of the composer available as a book “Sergei Bortkiewicz. A score of Life” [83] is written by Mykola Sukach, conductor of Chernikhiv Philharmonic Orchestra. The book draws from the composer’s letters and describes Bortkiewicz’s life in great detail. In the introduction, it is described as a book about “the undeservedly forgotten Ukrainian composer Sergei Eduardovich Bortkiewicz” and “ this is the world's first biographical study of the life and work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer of the first half of the 20th century, Sergei Bortkiewicz, presented by the author in the form of a biographical work.”





the book draws from composers letters and describes Bortkiewicz’s live in great detail. In the introduction, it is described as a book about “the undeservedly forgotten Ukrainian composer Sergei Eduardovich Bortkiewicz” and “ this is the world's first biographical study of the life and work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer of the first half of the 20th century, Sergei Bortkiewicz, presented by the author in the form of a biographical work.”

Library of Congress place of origin Kharkiv, Ukraine

In the book Composer GenealogyBortkieiwicz country of origin is listed as Ukraine

In the book Classics Alive. Vol.3 Bortkiewicz place of origin is listed as Ukraine

“Bortkiewicz is one of the most prominent representatives of the Ukrainian musical culture of the first half of the XX century and a bright representative of the romantic art of this period” [84]

“Sergei Bortkiewicz as an Outstanding representative of Ukrainian National Music Performance” “outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin. pianist and teacher Sergei Bortkiewicz” [85]

"In accordance with the criteria set out in the definition of «national identity» in the beginning, it can be said that S. Bortkiewicz is really representative of the Ukrainian culture" [86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]


[93]


[94]



[95] [96]


[97]


[98]


Cite error: There are <ref group=n> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=n}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/display/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000013372?rskey=nRu462&result=1
  2. ^ Klochko, Anastasia (2021). "PIANO ETUDE IN THE WORK OF UKRAINIAN COMPOSERS: HISTORY AND PERFORMANCE" (PDF). Sumy State Pedagogical University: 26. For quite a long time, the work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer, pianist, teacher, the last romantic, Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) was unknown in Ukraine.
  3. ^ MOLCHKO, Ulyana (2022). "PIANO COMPOSITION «BALADA» OP. 42 BY SERHII BORTKEVYCH: PERFORMING ASPECT" (PDF). Education and Researcher Musical Art Institute of Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical Univeristy: 4. The research provides a musical-aesthetic and interpretive analysis of the work for piano of the Ukrainian diaspora outstanding composer Serhii Bortkevych. The personal creative contribution of the artist to the development of European culture is revealed. There are covered in the research the life of S. Bortkevych and pianistic activity both in Ukraine and abroad.
  4. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "THE ISSUE OF NATIONAL IDENTIFICATION STYLE OF SERGEI BORTKIEWICZ" (PDF). MUSICOLOGY OF KYIV. 54: 16–18. The article examines issues of style and national identification of creativity by composer S. Bortkiewicz. Since opinions of modern researchers about composers belongs to Ukrainian or Russian music culture are different, we propose to investigate this question more attentively." "In accordance with the criteria set out in the definition of «national identity» in the beginning, it can be said that S. Bortkiewicz is really representative of the Ukrainian culture. S.Bortkiewicz has made a significant contribution to the development of national art, creating outstanding examples of Ukrainian musical romanticism of the first half of the twentieth century
  5. ^ Statsyuk, Natalia (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz is a new page of Ukrainian musical culture of the 20th century". Volyn Vocational College of Culture and Arts: 1, 3. Sergei Eduardovych Bortkiewicz (February 28, 1877, Blagodatne - October 25, 1952, Vienna) is an outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin, pianist and teacher
  6. ^ Legkhun, Oksana (2015). "STUDY OF PIANO WORKS BY SERHIY BORTKEVYCH IN THE CLASS OF THE MAIN MUSICAL INSTRUMENT" (PDF). CURRENT ISSUES IN HUMANITIES EDUCATION. Collection of Scientific Papers12: 35. During the 20th century, Ukrainian musical culture was created not only on the territory of the native land, but also far beyond its borders. The socio-political processes that took place in the country during the specified period did not contribute to scientific research into the cultural processes of the Ukrainian diaspora. The declaration of Ukraine's independence made it possible to study previously forbidden archives and foreign publications, periodicals, to establish contacts with foreign figures." "What is relevant today is the return of unknown and forgotten names of artists who developed Ukrainian musical culture far beyond the borders of their Motherland. Among this cohort, Serhiy Bortkevich stands out, who was called the "last romantic" - he became a talented imitator of the best romantic traditions in the art of music, although the heyday of his compositional activity falls on the period 1910 - 1945.
  7. ^ Yakubov, T. A. (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz and his violin music" (PDF). The dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the specialty 025 «Musical art» (field of study 02 «Culture and Arts»). — Ukrainian National P. Tchaikovsky Academy of Music, Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2021.: 7. "In fact, the Violin concerto op. 22, written in Kharkiv between 1915–1918, is one of the first examples of the genre in the history of Ukrainian music."
  8. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "Questions of National-Stylistic Identity in the work of Sergei Bortkiewicz" (PDF). КИЇВСЬКЕ МУЗИКОЗНАВСТВО No54. "Although in Ukraine at that time the process of maturing the national distinctive musical culture was underway, Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately. It is worth noting that the formation of the Ukrainian national style in music followed the principle of synthesizing existing European and Russian musical achievements with the Ukrainian folkloric foundation, thereby creating a new synthesis from which a new and distinctive musical culture gradually emerged."p35
  9. ^ In the book Composer GenealogyBortkieiwicz country of origin is listed as Ukraine
  10. ^ In the bookClassics Alive. Vol.3 Bortkiewicz place of origin is listed as Ukraine
  11. ^ A publishing house "Melosvit", Bortkiewicz op.21 Sergei Bortkiewicz Ukrainian Composer https://melosvit.com.ua/noti-dlya-fortepiano/bortkevich-sergij-malenkij-mandrivnik
  12. ^ The Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) had been unknown to me until his name arose in a conversation in Atlanta with Rudolf Firkusny, who stated that he had worked with Vaclav Talich on one of this composer’s concerted pieces.https://www.audaud.com/bortkiewicz-lyrica-nova-etude-in-d-flat-major-nocturne-esquisses-de-crimee-three-preludes-piano-sonata-no-2-a-soldano-p-divine-art/
  13. ^ Piano Classics release of piano concertos:“Recent years have seen a slow but steady revival of the music of Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877‐1952), Ukrainian composer and pianist” https://www.piano-classics.com/articles/b/bortkiewicz-piano-concertos-2-3/
  14. ^ STEINWAY & SONS releases A Letter | Une Lettre | Ein Brief, a survey of piano works of the Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz https://www.steinway.com/music-and-artists/label/a-letter-sergei-bortkiewicz-solo-piano-works-zhenni-li-cohen
  15. ^ The programme featured the Piano Concerto No.2 for the left Hand (1924) by Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz https://www.lamonnaiedemunt.be/en/mmm-online/2595-la-monnaie-in-solidarity-with-ukraine
  16. ^ an article from Euromaidan press. “musicians from 8 countries will play Ukrainian composer Bortkiewicz’s music online.” https://euromaidanpress.com/2020/12/24/christmas-with-bortkiewicz-free-online-concert-to-commemorate-ukrainian-composer/
  17. ^ 2017 article about a Festival in Kyiv dedicated to 140th year of the composer's birth, where he is described as a Ukrainian composer in the first sentence of the article: https://life.pravda.com.ua/culture/2017/03/21/223237
  18. ^ New York Concert Review from Merkin Hall Ukrainian-born Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) https://nyconcertreview.com/reviews/nadejda-vlaeva-piano/
  19. ^ Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz, who wrote ‘Les Rochers d’Outche-Coche’ in 1908 and was inspired by the mountain scenery in Crimea. https://www.bcu.ac.uk/conservatoire/about-us/news/margaret-fingerhut-ukraine-news-story-11-01-2023
  20. ^ three piano concertos by Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz http://mus.art.co.ua/try-kontserty-dlya-fortepiano-z-orkestrom-serhiya-bortkevycha/
  21. ^ Simakova, Svitlana (April 2020). "Sergei Bortkiewicz as an Outstanding representative of Ukrainian National Music Performance". THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. Melbourne, Australia: 418. Sergei Bortkiewicz as an Outstanding representative of Ukrainian National Music Performance" "outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin. pianist and teacher Sergei Bortkiewicz
  22. ^ Klochko, Anastasia (2021). "PIANO ETUDE IN THE WORK OF UKRAINIAN COMPOSERS: HISTORY AND PERFORMANCE" (PDF). Sumy State Pedagogical University: 26. For quite a long time, the work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer, pianist, teacher, the last romantic, Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) was unknown in Ukraine.
  23. ^ MOLCHKO, Ulyana (2022). "PIANO COMPOSITION «BALADA» OP. 42 BY SERHII BORTKEVYCH: PERFORMING ASPECT" (PDF). Education and Researcher Musical Art Institute of Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical Univeristy: 4. The research provides a musical-aesthetic and interpretive analysis of the work for piano of the Ukrainian diaspora outstanding composer Serhii Bortkevych. The personal creative contribution of the artist to the development of European culture is revealed. There are covered in the research the life of S. Bortkevych and pianistic activity both in Ukraine and abroad.
  24. ^ Statsyuk, Natalia (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz is a new page of Ukrainian musical culture of the 20th century". Volyn Vocational College of Culture and Arts: 1, 3. Sergei Eduardovych Bortkiewicz (February 28, 1877, Blagodatne - October 25, 1952, Vienna) is an outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin, pianist and teacher
  25. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "THE ISSUE OF NATIONAL IDENTIFICATION STYLE OF SERGEI BORTKIEWICZ" (PDF). MUSICOLOGY OF KYIV. 54: 16–18. The article examines issues of style and national identification of creativity by composer S. Bortkiewicz. Since opinions of modern researchers about composers belongs to Ukrainian or Russian music culture are different, we propose to investigate this question more attentively." "In accordance with the criteria set out in the definition of «national identity» in the beginning, it can be said that S. Bortkiewicz is really representative of the Ukrainian culture. S.Bortkiewicz has made a significant contribution to the development of national art, creating outstanding examples of Ukrainian musical romanticism of the first half of the twentieth century
  26. ^ Statsyuk, Natalia (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz is a new page of Ukrainian musical culture of the 20th century". Volyn Vocational College of Culture and Arts: 1, 3. Sergei Eduardovych Bortkiewicz (February 28, 1877, Blagodatne - October 25, 1952, Vienna) is an outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin, pianist and teacher
  27. ^ Legkhun, Oksana (2015). "STUDY OF PIANO WORKS BY SERHIY BORTKEVYCH IN THE CLASS OF THE MAIN MUSICAL INSTRUMENT" (PDF). CURRENT ISSUES IN HUMANITIES EDUCATION. Collection of Scientific Papers12: 35. During the 20th century, Ukrainian musical culture was created not only on the territory of the native land, but also far beyond its borders. The socio-political processes that took place in the country during the specified period did not contribute to scientific research into the cultural processes of the Ukrainian diaspora. The declaration of Ukraine's independence made it possible to study previously forbidden archives and foreign publications, periodicals, to establish contacts with foreign figures." "What is relevant today is the return of unknown and forgotten names of artists who developed Ukrainian musical culture far beyond the borders of their Motherland. Among this cohort, Serhiy Bortkevich stands out, who was called the "last romantic" - he became a talented imitator of the best romantic traditions in the art of music, although the heyday of his compositional activity falls on the period 1910 - 1945.
  28. ^ Yakubov, T. A. (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz and his violin music" (PDF). The dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the specialty 025 «Musical art» (field of study 02 «Culture and Arts»). — Ukrainian National P. Tchaikovsky Academy of Music, Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2021.: 7. "In fact, the Violin concerto op. 22, written in Kharkiv between 1915–1918, is one of the first examples of the genre in the history of Ukrainian music."
  29. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "Questions of National-Stylistic Identity in the work of Sergei Bortkiewicz" (PDF). КИЇВСЬКЕ МУЗИКОЗНАВСТВО No54. "Although in Ukraine at that time the process of maturing the national distinctive musical culture was underway, Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately. It is worth noting that the formation of the Ukrainian national style in music followed the principle of synthesizing existing European and Russian musical achievements with the Ukrainian folkloric foundation, thereby creating a new synthesis from which a new and distinctive musical culture gradually emerged."p35
  30. ^ Chen, YI Jing (August 2021). "The First Movements of Sergei Bortkiewicz's Two Piano Sonatas, Op. 9 and Op. 60: A Comparison including Schenkerian Analysis and an Examination of Classical and Romantic Influences": 4. Sergei Bortkiewicz was a renown Ukrainian composer and pianist {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  31. ^ Zonova, Barbora (2018). "„Piano work of Sergei Bortkiewicz"" (PDF) (Brno: Janáčkova akademie múzických umění v Brně): II. The Bachelor thesis „Piano work of Sergei Bortkiewicz" deals with life and artistic activities of the Ukrainian pianist and composer Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  32. ^ Scanlon, Emma (October 2017). "Pianism Reimagined: an analytical inquiry of left- hand piano through the career and commissions of Paul Wittgenstein" (PDF). Department of Music Maynooth University: 70. Sergei Bortkiewicz.The Ukrainian born composer was forced into nomadic way of life in the early part of the century due to the Russian revolution and the ensuing World War.
  33. ^ Simakova, Svitlana (April 2020). "Sergei Bortkiewicz as an Outstanding representative of Ukrainian National Music Performance". THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. Melbourne, Australia: 418. Sergei Bortkiewicz as an Outstanding representative of Ukrainian National Music Performance" "outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin. pianist and teacher Sergei Bortkiewicz
  34. ^ Library of Congress place of origin Kharkiv, Ukraine
  35. ^ In the book Composer GenealogyBortkieiwicz country of origin is listed as Ukraine
  36. ^ In the book Classics Alive. Vol.3 Bortkiewicz place of origin is listed as Ukraine
  37. ^ Plohky, Serhii (2021). The Gates of Europe: a History of Ukraine. Basic Books. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-465-05091-8. The birthplace of Ukrainian romanticism was a city of Kharkiv
  38. ^ Levkulych, Y.O. (2021). "Piano heritage by Sergei Bortkiewicz in the actual space of the performing art of 20th – beginning of 21st centuries" (PDF): 5. "Bortkiewicz is one of the most prominent representatives of the Ukrainian musical culture of the first half of the XX century and a bright representative of the romantic art of this period" {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  39. ^ Klochko, Anastasia (2021). "PIANO ETUDE IN THE WORK OF UKRAINIAN COMPOSERS: HISTORY AND PERFORMANCE" (PDF). Sumy State Pedagogical University: 26. For quite a long time, the work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer, pianist, teacher, the last romantic, Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) was unknown in Ukraine.
  40. ^ MOLCHKO, Ulyana (2022). "PIANO COMPOSITION «BALADA» OP. 42 BY SERHII BORTKEVYCH: PERFORMING ASPECT" (PDF). Education and Researcher Musical Art Institute of Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical Univeristy: 4. The research provides a musical-aesthetic and interpretive analysis of the work for piano of the Ukrainian diaspora outstanding composer Serhii Bortkevych. The personal creative contribution of the artist to the development of European culture is revealed. There are covered in the research the life of S. Bortkevych and pianistic activity both in Ukraine and abroad.
  41. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "THE ISSUE OF NATIONAL IDENTIFICATION STYLE OF SERGEI BORTKIEWICZ" (PDF). MUSICOLOGY OF KYIV. 54: 16–18. The article examines issues of style and national identification of creativity by composer S. Bortkiewicz. Since opinions of modern researchers about composers belongs to Ukrainian or Russian music culture are different, we propose to investigate this question more attentively." "In accordance with the criteria set out in the definition of «national identity» in the beginning, it can be said that S. Bortkiewicz is really representative of the Ukrainian culture. S.Bortkiewicz has made a significant contribution to the development of national art, creating outstanding examples of Ukrainian musical romanticism of the first half of the twentieth century
  42. ^ Statsyuk, Natalia (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz is a new page of Ukrainian musical culture of the 20th century". Volyn Vocational College of Culture and Arts: 1, 3. Sergei Eduardovych Bortkiewicz (February 28, 1877, Blagodatne - October 25, 1952, Vienna) is an outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin, pianist and teacher
  43. ^ Legkhun, Oksana (2015). "STUDY OF PIANO WORKS BY SERHIY BORTKEVYCH IN THE CLASS OF THE MAIN MUSICAL INSTRUMENT" (PDF). CURRENT ISSUES IN HUMANITIES EDUCATION. Collection of Scientific Papers12: 35. During the 20th century, Ukrainian musical culture was created not only on the territory of the native land, but also far beyond its borders. The socio-political processes that took place in the country during the specified period did not contribute to scientific research into the cultural processes of the Ukrainian diaspora. The declaration of Ukraine's independence made it possible to study previously forbidden archives and foreign publications, periodicals, to establish contacts with foreign figures." "What is relevant today is the return of unknown and forgotten names of artists who developed Ukrainian musical culture far beyond the borders of their Motherland. Among this cohort, Serhiy Bortkevich stands out, who was called the "last romantic" - he became a talented imitator of the best romantic traditions in the art of music, although the heyday of his compositional activity falls on the period 1910 - 1945.
  44. ^ Yakubov, T. A. (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz and his violin music" (PDF). The dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the specialty 025 «Musical art» (field of study 02 «Culture and Arts»). — Ukrainian National P. Tchaikovsky Academy of Music, Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2021.: 7. "In fact, the Violin concerto op. 22, written in Kharkiv between 1915–1918, is one of the first examples of the genre in the history of Ukrainian music."
  45. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "Questions of National-Stylistic Identity in the work of Sergei Bortkiewicz" (PDF). КИЇВСЬКЕ МУЗИКОЗНАВСТВО No54. "Although in Ukraine at that time the process of maturing the national distinctive musical culture was underway, Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately. It is worth noting that the formation of the Ukrainian national style in music followed the principle of synthesizing existing European and Russian musical achievements with the Ukrainian folkloric foundation, thereby creating a new synthesis from which a new and distinctive musical culture gradually emerged."p35
  46. ^ Sukach, Mykola (2016). Sergei Bortkiewicz. A score of Life (PDF). «Десна Поліграф». p. 34.
  47. ^ A publishing house "Melosvit", Bortkiewicz op.21 Sergei Bortkiewicz Ukrainian Composer https://melosvit.com.ua/noti-dlya-fortepiano/bortkevich-sergij-malenkij-mandrivnik
  48. ^ The Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) had been unknown to me until his name arose in a conversation in Atlanta with Rudolf Firkusny, who stated that he had worked with Vaclav Talich on one of this composer’s concerted pieces.https://www.audaud.com/bortkiewicz-lyrica-nova-etude-in-d-flat-major-nocturne-esquisses-de-crimee-three-preludes-piano-sonata-no-2-a-soldano-p-divine-art/
  49. ^ Piano Classics release of piano concertos:“Recent years have seen a slow but steady revival of the music of Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877‐1952), Ukrainian composer and pianist” https://www.piano-classics.com/articles/b/bortkiewicz-piano-concertos-2-3/
  50. ^ STEINWAY & SONS releases A Letter | Une Lettre | Ein Brief, a survey of piano works of the Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz https://www.steinway.com/music-and-artists/label/a-letter-sergei-bortkiewicz-solo-piano-works-zhenni-li-cohen
  51. ^ The programme featured the Piano Concerto No.2 for the left Hand (1924) by Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz https://www.lamonnaiedemunt.be/en/mmm-online/2595-la-monnaie-in-solidarity-with-ukraine
  52. ^ an article from Euromaidan press. “musicians from 8 countries will play Ukrainian composer Bortkiewicz’s music online.” https://euromaidanpress.com/2020/12/24/christmas-with-bortkiewicz-free-online-concert-to-commemorate-ukrainian-composer/
  53. ^ 2017 article about a Festival in Kyiv dedicated to 140th year of the composer's birth, where he is described as a Ukrainian composer in the first sentence of the article: https://life.pravda.com.ua/culture/2017/03/21/223237
  54. ^ New York Concert Review from Merkin Hall Ukrainian-born Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) https://nyconcertreview.com/reviews/nadejda-vlaeva-piano/
  55. ^ Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz, who wrote ‘Les Rochers d’Outche-Coche’ in 1908 and was inspired by the mountain scenery in Crimea. https://www.bcu.ac.uk/conservatoire/about-us/news/margaret-fingerhut-ukraine-news-story-11-01-2023
  56. ^ three piano concertos by Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz http://mus.art.co.ua/try-kontserty-dlya-fortepiano-z-orkestrom-serhiya-bortkevycha/
  57. ^ Zonova, Barbora (2018). "„Piano work of Sergei Bortkiewicz"" (PDF) (Brno: Janáčkova akademie múzických umění v Brně): II. The Bachelor thesis „Piano work of Sergei Bortkiewicz" deals with life and artistic activities of the Ukrainian pianist and composer Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  58. ^ Scanlon, Emma (October 2017). "Pianism Reimagined: an analytical inquiry of left- hand piano through the career and commissions of Paul Wittgenstein" (PDF). Department of Music Maynooth University: 70. Sergei Bortkiewicz.The Ukrainian born composer was forced into nomadic way of life in the early part of the century due to the Russian revolution and the ensuing World War.
  59. ^ Simakova, Svitlana (April 2020). "Sergei Bortkiewicz as an Outstanding representative of Ukrainian National Music Performance". THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. Melbourne, Australia: 418. Sergei Bortkiewicz as an Outstanding representative of Ukrainian National Music Performance" "outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin. pianist and teacher Sergei Bortkiewicz
  60. ^ Library of Congress place of origin Kharkiv, Ukraine
  61. ^ In the book Composer GenealogyBortkieiwicz country of origin is listed as Ukraine
  62. ^ In the book Classics Alive. Vol.3 Bortkiewicz place of origin is listed as Ukraine
  63. ^ Plohky, Serhii (2021). The Gates of Europe: a History of Ukraine. Basic Books. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-465-05091-8. The birthplace of Ukrainian romanticism was a city of Kharkiv
  64. ^ Levkulych, Y.O. (2021). "Piano heritage by Sergei Bortkiewicz in the actual space of the performing art of 20th – beginning of 21st centuries" (PDF): 5. "Bortkiewicz is one of the most prominent representatives of the Ukrainian musical culture of the first half of the XX century and a bright representative of the romantic art of this period" {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  65. ^ Klochko, Anastasia (2021). "PIANO ETUDE IN THE WORK OF UKRAINIAN COMPOSERS: HISTORY AND PERFORMANCE" (PDF). Sumy State Pedagogical University: 26. For quite a long time, the work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer, pianist, teacher, the last romantic, Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) was unknown in Ukraine.
  66. ^ MOLCHKO, Ulyana (2022). "PIANO COMPOSITION «BALADA» OP. 42 BY SERHII BORTKEVYCH: PERFORMING ASPECT" (PDF). Education and Researcher Musical Art Institute of Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical Univeristy: 4. The research provides a musical-aesthetic and interpretive analysis of the work for piano of the Ukrainian diaspora outstanding composer Serhii Bortkevych. The personal creative contribution of the artist to the development of European culture is revealed. There are covered in the research the life of S. Bortkevych and pianistic activity both in Ukraine and abroad.
  67. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "THE ISSUE OF NATIONAL IDENTIFICATION STYLE OF SERGEI BORTKIEWICZ" (PDF). MUSICOLOGY OF KYIV. 54: 16–18. The article examines issues of style and national identification of creativity by composer S. Bortkiewicz. Since opinions of modern researchers about composers belongs to Ukrainian or Russian music culture are different, we propose to investigate this question more attentively." "In accordance with the criteria set out in the definition of «national identity» in the beginning, it can be said that S. Bortkiewicz is really representative of the Ukrainian culture. S.Bortkiewicz has made a significant contribution to the development of national art, creating outstanding examples of Ukrainian musical romanticism of the first half of the twentieth century
  68. ^ Statsyuk, Natalia (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz is a new page of Ukrainian musical culture of the 20th century". Volyn Vocational College of Culture and Arts: 1, 3. Sergei Eduardovych Bortkiewicz (February 28, 1877, Blagodatne - October 25, 1952, Vienna) is an outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin, pianist and teacher
  69. ^ Legkhun, Oksana (2015). "STUDY OF PIANO WORKS BY SERHIY BORTKEVYCH IN THE CLASS OF THE MAIN MUSICAL INSTRUMENT" (PDF). CURRENT ISSUES IN HUMANITIES EDUCATION. Collection of Scientific Papers12: 35. During the 20th century, Ukrainian musical culture was created not only on the territory of the native land, but also far beyond its borders. The socio-political processes that took place in the country during the specified period did not contribute to scientific research into the cultural processes of the Ukrainian diaspora. The declaration of Ukraine's independence made it possible to study previously forbidden archives and foreign publications, periodicals, to establish contacts with foreign figures." "What is relevant today is the return of unknown and forgotten names of artists who developed Ukrainian musical culture far beyond the borders of their Motherland. Among this cohort, Serhiy Bortkevich stands out, who was called the "last romantic" - he became a talented imitator of the best romantic traditions in the art of music, although the heyday of his compositional activity falls on the period 1910 - 1945.
  70. ^ Yakubov, T. A. (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz and his violin music" (PDF). The dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the specialty 025 «Musical art» (field of study 02 «Culture and Arts»). — Ukrainian National P. Tchaikovsky Academy of Music, Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2021.: 7. "In fact, the Violin concerto op. 22, written in Kharkiv between 1915–1918, is one of the first examples of the genre in the history of Ukrainian music."
  71. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "Questions of National-Stylistic Identity in the work of Sergei Bortkiewicz" (PDF). КИЇВСЬКЕ МУЗИКОЗНАВСТВО No54. "Although in Ukraine at that time the process of maturing the national distinctive musical culture was underway, Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately. It is worth noting that the formation of the Ukrainian national style in music followed the principle of synthesizing existing European and Russian musical achievements with the Ukrainian folkloric foundation, thereby creating a new synthesis from which a new and distinctive musical culture gradually emerged."p35
  72. ^ Sukach, Mykola (2016). Sergei Bortkiewicz. A score of Life (PDF). «Десна Поліграф». p. 34.
  73. ^ A publishing house "Melosvit", Bortkiewicz op.21 Sergei Bortkiewicz Ukrainian Composer https://melosvit.com.ua/noti-dlya-fortepiano/bortkevich-sergij-malenkij-mandrivnik
  74. ^ The Ukrainian-born Romantic composer and pianist was born in Kharkiv and spent most of his childhood on the family estate of Artemivka, near Kharkiv https://www.boosey.com/cr/news/Explore-Music-by-Ukrainian-Composers/101910
  75. ^ Piano Classics release of piano concertos: “Recent years have seen a slow but steady revival of the music of Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877‐1952), Ukrainian composer and pianist” https://www.piano-classics.com/articles/b/bortkiewicz-piano-concertos-2-3/
  76. ^ STEINWAY & SONS releases A Letter | Une Lettre | Ein Brief, a survey of piano works of the Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz https://www.steinway.com/music-and-artists/label/a-letter-sergei-bortkiewicz-solo-piano-works-zhenni-li-cohen
  77. ^ The programme featured the Piano Concerto No.2 for the left Hand (1924) by Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz https://www.lamonnaiedemunt.be/en/mmm-online/2595-la-monnaie-in-solidarity-with-ukraine
  78. ^ an article from Euromaidan press. “musicians from 8 countries will play Ukrainian composer Bortkiewicz’s music online.” https://euromaidanpress.com/2020/12/24/christmas-with-bortkiewicz-free-online-concert-to-commemorate-ukrainian-composer/
  79. ^ 2017 article about a Festival in Kyiv dedicated to 140th year of the composer's birth, where he is described as a Ukrainian composer in the first sentence of the article: https://life.pravda.com.ua/culture/2017/03/21/223237
  80. ^ New York Concert Review from Merkin Hall Ukrainian-born Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) https://nyconcertreview.com/reviews/nadejda-vlaeva-piano/
  81. ^ Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz, who wrote ‘Les Rochers d’Outche-Coche’ in 1908 and was inspired by the mountain scenery in Crimea. https://www.bcu.ac.uk/conservatoire/about-us/news/margaret-fingerhut-ukraine-news-story-11-01-2023
  82. ^ three piano concertos by Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz http://mus.art.co.ua/try-kontserty-dlya-fortepiano-z-orkestrom-serhiya-bortkevycha/
  83. ^ Sukach, Mykola (2016). Sergei Bortkiewicz. A score of Life (PDF). «Десна Поліграф». pp. 3–4.
  84. ^ Levkulych, Y.O. (2021). "Piano heritage by Sergei Bortkiewicz in the actual space of the performing art of 20th – beginning of 21st centuries" (PDF): 5. "Bortkiewicz is one of the most prominent representatives of the Ukrainian musical culture of the first half of the XX century and a bright representative of the romantic art of this period" {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  85. ^ Simakova, Svitlana (April 2020). "Sergei Bortkiewicz as an Outstanding representative of Ukrainian National Music Performance". THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. Melbourne, Australia: 418.
  86. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "THE ISSUE OF NATIONAL IDENTIFICATION STYLE OF SERGEI BORTKIEWICZ" (PDF). MUSICOLOGY OF KYIV. 54: 16–18. In accordance with the criteria set out in the definition of «national identity» in the beginning, it can be said that S. Bortkiewicz is really representative of the Ukrainian culture. S.Bortkiewicz has made a significant contribution to the development of national art, creating outstanding examples of Ukrainian musical romanticism of the first half of the twentieth century
  87. ^ Statsyuk, Natalia (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz is a new page of Ukrainian musical culture of the 20th century". Volyn Vocational College of Culture and Arts: 1, 3. Sergei Eduardovych Bortkiewicz (February 28, 1877, Blagodatne - October 25, 1952, Vienna) is an outstanding Ukrainian composer of Polish origin, pianist and teacher
  88. ^ Plohky, Serhii (2021). The Gates of Europe: a History of Ukraine. Basic Books. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-465-05091-8. The birthplace of Ukrainian romanticism was a city of Kharkiv
  89. ^ MOLCHKO, Ulyana (2022). "PIANO COMPOSITION «BALADA» OP. 42 BY SERHII BORTKEVYCH: PERFORMING ASPECT" (PDF). Education and Researcher Musical Art Institute of Ivan Franko Drohobych State Pedagogical Univeristy: 4. The research provides a musical-aesthetic and interpretive analysis of the work for piano of the Ukrainian diaspora outstanding composer Serhii Bortkevych. The personal creative contribution of the artist to the development of European culture is revealed. There are covered in the research the life of S. Bortkevych and pianistic activity both in Ukraine and abroad.
  90. ^ Klochko, Anastasia (2021). "PIANO ETUDE IN THE WORK OF UKRAINIAN COMPOSERS: HISTORY AND PERFORMANCE" (PDF). Sumy State Pedagogical University: 26. For quite a long time, the work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer, pianist, teacher, the last romantic, Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) was unknown in Ukraine.
  91. ^ Legkhun, Oksana (2015). "STUDY OF PIANO WORKS BY SERHIY BORTKEVYCH IN THE CLASS OF THE MAIN MUSICAL INSTRUMENT" (PDF). CURRENT ISSUES IN HUMANITIES EDUCATION. Collection of Scientific Papers12: 35. During the 20th century, Ukrainian musical culture was created not only on the territory of the native land, but also far beyond its borders. The socio-political processes that took place in the country during the specified period did not contribute to scientific research into the cultural processes of the Ukrainian diaspora. The declaration of Ukraine's independence made it possible to study previously forbidden archives and foreign publications, periodicals, to establish contacts with foreign figures." "What is relevant today is the return of unknown and forgotten names of artists who developed Ukrainian musical culture far beyond the borders of their Motherland. Among this cohort, Serhiy Bortkevich stands out, who was called the "last romantic" - he became a talented imitator of the best romantic traditions in the art of music, although the heyday of his compositional activity falls on the period 1910 - 1945.
  92. ^ Yakubov, T. A. (2021). "Sergei Bortkiewicz and his violin music" (PDF). The dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the specialty 025 «Musical art» (field of study 02 «Culture and Arts»). — Ukrainian National P. Tchaikovsky Academy of Music, Ministry of Culture and Information Policy of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2021.: 7. "In fact, the Violin concerto op. 22, written in Kharkiv between 1915–1918, is one of the first examples of the genre in the history of Ukrainian music."
  93. ^ Levkulych, Yevhen (2016). "Questions of National-Stylistic Identity in the work of Sergei Bortkiewicz" (PDF). КИЇВСЬКЕ МУЗИКОЗНАВСТВО No54. "Although in Ukraine at that time the process of maturing the national distinctive musical culture was underway, Europeans largely did not yet distinguish Ukrainian musical culture separately. It is worth noting that the formation of the Ukrainian national style in music followed the principle of synthesizing existing European and Russian musical achievements with the Ukrainian folkloric foundation, thereby creating a new synthesis from which a new and distinctive musical culture gradually emerged."p35
  94. ^ The Ukrainian composer Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952) had been unknown to me until his name arose in a conversation in Atlanta with Rudolf Firkusny, who stated that he had worked with Vaclav Talich on one of this composer’s concerted pieces.https://www.audaud.com/bortkiewicz-lyrica-nova-etude-in-d-flat-major-nocturne-esquisses-de-crimee-three-preludes-piano-sonata-no-2-a-soldano-p-divine-art/
  95. ^ Chen, YI Jing (August 2021). "The First Movements of Sergei Bortkiewicz's Two< Piano Sonatas, Op. 9 and Op. 60: A Comparison including Schenkerian Analysis and an Examination of Classical and Romantic Influences": 4. Sergei Bortkiewicz was a renown Ukrainian composer and pianist {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  96. ^ Zonova, Barbora (2018). "„Piano work of Sergei Bortkiewicz"" (PDF) (Brno: Janáčkova akademie múzických umění v Brně): II. The Bachelor thesis „Piano work of Sergei Bortkiewicz" deals with life and artistic activities of the Ukrainian pianist and composer Sergei Bortkiewicz (1877-1952). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  97. ^ Scanlon, Emma (October 2017). "Pianism Reimagined: an analytical inquiry of left- hand piano through the career and commissions of Paul Wittgenstein" (PDF). Department of Music Maynooth University: 70. Sergei Bortkiewicz.The Ukrainian born composer was forced into nomadic way of life in the early part of the century due to the Russian revolution and the ensuing World War.
  98. ^ Library of Congress place of origin Kharkiv, Ukraine
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