User:Yen930407/Zhang Jingyu
Comment: See also Draft:Chang, Ching-Yu. -- DoubleGrazing (talk) 10:11, 23 July 2023 (UTC)
Zhang Jingyu | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Personal details | |
| Nationality |  Republic of China |
| Political party | Kuomintang |
Zhang Jingyu (1895-June 27, 1984),
formerly known as Zhang Bao , with the
word Jingyi, was born in Yuqiu South
Street, Gaotang County , Shandong
Province, and was born in a gentry
family. A native of Gaotang County,
Shandong Province, served
successively as deputy director of the
Nanjing Government Aviation
Administration [2] , the first principal of
the Air Force Academy [3] from 1928/10
to 1929/07, commander of the Air
Force , director of the Aviation
Department of the headquarters, and
director of the Lieutenant General,
Henan Director of the Provincial
Department of Construction [1],
Director of the National Taxation Office
of the Ministry of Finance , a member
of the Legislative Council [4] , a
representative of the National
Congress , and the Deputy Minister of
the Ministry of Economic Affairs .
Early experiences
[edit]Grandfather Zhang Yuzhen was a relatively enlightened gentry in Gaotang County at that time. He lost his father at the age of 10, and was brought up by Lai's mother, Mrs. Zhong Tai. He was educated in the Christian Academy as a child.
In 1903, Zhang Jingyu entered Gaotang County Higher Primary School to study. In 1910 (16 years old), he was admitted to Shandong Provincial Jinan Agricultural School (now Shandong Agricultural University), and then went to Beijing, where he was admitted to Tsinghua Preparatory School for Studying in the United States.
During the First World War, Zhang Jingyu was recruited by the Tsinghua Academy to go to Europe. In 1920, he went to Europe to study in the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the Liverpool Institute of Technology (now the School of Engineering of the University of Liverpool). He became the first batch of Chinese in the Mechanical Engineering Department with excellent results. graduate. During this period, he joined the general branch of the Chinese Kuomintang in Europe, and was appointed by Sun Yat-sen as the head of the Liverpool branch of the Chinese Kuomintang in 1922.
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In 1924, he returned to China after graduation, followed Sun Yat-sen, and was recommended by Shao Yuanchong to tune into the Whampoa Military Academy and served as Secretary of the Central Party Department of the Chinese Kuomintang. The Whampoa Military Academy was established in June 1924. He first served as the English Secretary of the Professor Department (Director Wang Boling). He was one of the first civil servants hired by the Whampoa Military Academy in the first phase. The Soviet Advisory Group mediates and liaises with foreign affairs.
In August and September 1924, the president Jiang Zhongzheng indirectly received orders to order Zhang Jingyu, together with a deputy chief of the Generalissimo's Office, to intercept a Norwegian ship sailing from Hong Kong to Guangzhou on a Jianggu gunboat. The Norwegian ship, after boarding the ship and negotiating with the captain, seized 5,000 to 6,000 to 6,000 Czech-style long and short guns and a large number of ammunition for smuggling. This batch of ordnance was also the first batch of ordnance obtained by the Whampoa Military Academy, and it was used for the future Eastern Expedition. .
On December 27, 1924, he was appointed as the party representative of the 2nd Regiment of Whampoa Military Academy, the 2nd Regiment of the Teaching Regiment composed of students (regiment leader Wang Bailing). In February 1925, he participated in the first Eastern Expedition with the party army (as a party representative), and in March participated in the Battle of Mianhu. After returning to Guangzhou with the army, he served as the party representative of Guangdong Shijing Arsenal. In July 1925, he served as the director of the business department of Guangdong Aviation Bureau.
In March 1926, he served as director of the Aviation Bureau of the Guangzhou National Government. In July 1926, he took the oath of the Northern Expedition and served as the party representative of the Aviation Department of the National Revolutionary Army General Headquarters. He also served as the party representative of the Navy Department, and then acted as the director of the Aviation Department. In April 1927, the national government established its capital in Nanjing, and served as the party representative of the aviation department (director Huang Bingheng) of the National Revolutionary Army General Headquarters. In October 1927, he succeeded the director of the aviation department and was ordered to send an aircraft team to attack Tang Shengzhi's department.
In January 1928, he served as the commander of the Air Force of the Northern Expedition Army of the National Revolutionary Army. He presided over the formation of the first and second aircraft teams in Xuzhou to form an aviation brigade. With Jiang Kui as the chief of staff, he participated in the Lunan Campaign. On September 23, 1928, married Ms. Chen Xiude (from Zhongshan, Guangdong). At the same time, the Nanjing Central Army Military Academy established an aviation team and served as the captain. It is regarded by later generations as the beginning of the national government's management of aviation. In November 1928, the Aviation Department was reorganized as the Aviation Department of the Ministry of Military and Political Affairs (director Xiong Bin concurrently).
In April 1929, Xiong Bin resigned, and Zhang Jingyu succeeded the acting director of the Aviation Department of the Military and Political Department of the Nationalist Government, and concurrently served as the director of China Airlines. On June 10, 1929, the aviation team of the Nanjing Central Army Military Academy was changed to an aviation class. He was the first head teacher and started the centralization of aviation education. During this period, he served as the first principal of the Hangzhou Jianqiao Air Force Academy. On June 22, 1929, he served as a counselor of the Ministry of Military and Political Affairs, and also served as the head of the aviation class. On July 2, 1929, he was appointed as a member of the Henan Provincial Government (Chairman Liu Zhi), and the head teacher of the aviation class was succeeded by Huang Bingheng. On August 10, 1929, he was removed from the post of counselor of the Ministry of Military and Political Affairs, and on September 1, he was removed from the post of director of China Airlines.
On February 1, 1930, Zhang Jingyu served as the chief instructor of foreign languages at the Nanjing Central Army Military Academy, presiding over and guiding the teaching of foreign languages and the compilation of teaching materials at the Nanjing Central Army Military Academy. On April 29, 1931, the school history of Whampoa School began to be compiled, and Zhang Jingyu was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the chairman of the school history compilation committee (edited by Chen Yu: Recorded on page 429 of "Whampoa Military Academy Chronicle Long Edition" by Chinese Publishing House in May 2014.), Organize manpower to compile the history of the school, and serve as a standing member of the compilation committee. The office of the committee is located on the third floor of the main building of Nanjing Central Army Military Academy.
On January 20, 1932, following Zhou Fohai, he served as the director of the Political Training Department of the National Government Training Directorate, and was the highest supervisor of the political training work of the National Revolutionary Army at that time. On June 1, 1932, the Political Training Department of the Training Directorate was reorganized into the Political Training Department of the Military Commission, and he still served as the director. During this period, at the invitation of Liu Zhi, he served as the chief secretary of the general headquarters of bandit suppression in the border areas of Henan, Hubei and Anhui provinces.
On July 10, 1932, Zhang Jingyu served as a member of the Henan Provincial Government (Chairman Liu Zhi) and director of the Construction Department of the Provincial Government. He participated in and presided over the completion of telecommunications and water conservancy projects in cities such as Kaifeng and Zhengzhou, and was awarded the "Dayu Medal". Then the South Henan Highway Network and Luotong Highway were completed, which were beneficial to the military and transportation, and made great contributions.
Middle age experience
[edit]In December 1935, the Henan Provincial Government was reorganized, and he was still a member of the Henan Provincial Government (Chairman Shang Zhen) and concurrently the Director of the Construction Department of the Provincial Government. In July 1936, he was awarded the 10th Anniversary Commemorative Medal of the National Revolutionary Army. At that time, only high-ranking officers above the rank of lieutenant general and division commander were eligible to be awarded. Therefore, he was one of the few civilian officials who received this honor.
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, in February 1938, Zhang Jingyu was dismissed from the post of member of the Henan Provincial Government and director of the Construction Department. In April 1938, he served as the director of the anti-smoking inspection department dispatched by the Ministry of Finance of the National Government to Sichuan and Kangxi provinces. In September 1939, he served as the Director of the Second Office of the Supervision Office of the Sichuan Provincial Government to Eliminate Private Storage of Tobacco and Soil (supervised by Wang Yanxu and He Guoguang).
On December 10, 1940, he served as the director of the Taxation Office of the Ministry of Finance of the National Government (Edited by Liu Shaotang: Taipei Biography Literature Publishing House Co., Ltd. on April 1, 1987 and published on page 275 of the eighth series of "Biographies of the Republic of China".), during which he and Yin Renxian, Hu Xuanming and others jointly founded the Christian Holy Light School, which is committed to cultivating English education talents. Later, he was sent to the Chongqing Fuxingguan Central Training Group for training.
On May 20, 1945, he was elected as the sixth alternate central executive member of the Chinese Kuomintang. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, in October 1946, he served as a representative of the Constitution-making National Assembly and participated in the constitution-making work. In 1948, he was elected as a member of the first Legislative Yuan of the National Government after the implementation of the Constitution.
In 1949, Zhang Jingyu came to Taiwan. In the spring of 1950, he served as the political deputy minister of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In the spring of 1953, together with enthusiastic educators from home and abroad, he set up Zhongyuan Institute of Technology in Zhongli City, Taoyuan County to train engineering talents. In June 1954, he was dismissed from the position of Deputy Minister of Political Affairs, and was appointed as a consultant to the Ministry of Economic Affairs, chairman of Taiwan Aluminum Corporation, and concurrently as the chairman of the third branch of the Chinese Nationalist Party's production enterprise party branch.
Old age experience
[edit]In 1955, Zhang Jingyu, Rev. James Graham, Dean Niu Yongjian, Mr. Guo Keti, Rev. Chen Weiping, General Manager Qu Jingzhou, Taoyuan Zhongli local gentry Mr. Wu Hongsen, former county magistrate Mr. Xu Chongde, etc. established Zhongyuan Institute of Technology (today's Zhongyuan University) In 1956, he presided over the enrollment and opening of Zhongyuan Institute of Technology, which expanded into three schools of science, engineering and business. In 1956, he served as the chairman of Zhongyuan Institute of Technology.
In September 1956, he concurrently served as the chairman of Tunghai University. Later, together with Mr. Han Shijun and others, he established the International Gideon Church Branch of the Republic of China. In 1962, he organized the "Christian Apologetics and Anti-Communist Federation" and served as the first chairman. In 1966, he assisted the Chinese Academy of Sciences run by Zhang Qiyun to establish the Institute of Christianity. In 1967, he was transferred to the chairman of Taiwan Machinery Company. He retired in 1971 and was hired as a consultant to the Executive Yuan. He represented Taiwan seven times at the United Nations International Labor Conference in Geneva. In 1980, Zhongyuan Institute of Technology was upgraded to Zhongyuan University, and he still served as the chairman.
Zhang Jingyu advocated saving the country by industry all his life, and was enthusiastic about running industries and promoting education. He has a modest personality, is serious and responsible in his work, has courage, and has management skills. He misses his hometown and looks forward to the reunification of the two sides of the strait. In March 1984, he was admitted to the Tri-Service General Hospital due to a stroke. On June 27, 1984, he died of illness in Taipei. Zhang Jingyu and Chen Xiude were frugal all their lives, obsessed with education, and used their prestige and influence to actively run schools wherever they went. They successively ran schools in Chongqing, Suzhou, Taiwan and other places, and cultivated a large number of pillars for the country.
future generations
[edit]His descendants devoted themselves to the study of law and science and engineering, and gained international reputation for benefiting the village. Zhang Jingyu and Chen Xiude (from Zhongshan, Guangdong) have a total of 7 children. The eldest son, Zhang Zhihua, graduated from the Law Department of National Taiwan University and studied in Canada, majoring in urban planning. After completing his studies, he worked for the Canadian government. He died of a heart attack in 1972. The second son Zhang Xinshi stayed in the Mainland and was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is a famous scientist in the field of ecological biology. The third son, Zhang Weizhong, is an expert in computer information management. The fourth son, Zhang Guangzheng, served as the president of Chung Yuan University twice and is currently the chairman of Chung Yuan University. The eldest daughter, Zhang Jianjun, has a master's degree in biochemistry from Canada and was a researcher at the US Surgeon General. The second daughter, Zhang Peishi, has been engaged in special education for many years and has benefited countless people with disabilities. The third daughter, Zhang Huiping, is engaged in anti-cancer research and is now a professor at the Georgetown University School of Medicine in the United States. She is an internationally renowned scholar.
references
[edit][[:Category:Alumni of the University of Liverpool]] [[:Category:Taiwanese people from Shandong]] [[:Category:Members of the Kuomintang]] [[:Category:People of the Northern Expedition]]