Xeris
| Xeris | |
|---|---|
| |
| Type species: X spectrum | |
| |
| X. morrisoni. | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Siricidae |
| Genus: | Xeris A. Costa, 1894 |
| Type species | |
| Ichneumon spectrum Linnaeus, 1758
| |
| Diversity | |
| 16 species | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Xeris is a genus of horntails found in North America and Eurasia. Achille Costa circumscribed the genus in 1894.
Synonyms
[edit]In 1987, Malkiat S. Saini and Devinder Singh circumscribed a new genus, Neoxeris upon their description of a new species, which they called Neoxeris melanocephala.[1] In 2012, N. melanocephala was transferred to Xeris, making Neoxeris a junior synonym.[2] X. melanocephalus was later synonymized with X. himalayensis.[3]
Description
[edit]Characteristic features of Xeris compared to other genera of Siricidae genera include: a hind wing with which lacks a cell cup, a small vertical ridge behind the eye, and a metatibial spur.[3]: 36
Distribution
[edit]Xeris species are found in North America and Eurasia. In North America, they're found from the boreal forests in Alaska and Canada south through Chiapas in southern Mexico. They are found in temperate and boreal regions of Eurasia as well as mountains of southern Eurasia including Morocco, India, China, and Taiwan.[3]: 42
Species
[edit]As of 2015[update], Xeris consists of sixteen species:[3]
- Xeris caudatus (Cresson, 1865)
- Xeris chiricahua Smith, 2012
- Xeris cobosi Viedma & Suárez, 1961
- Xeris degrooti Goulet, 2015
- Xeris himalayensis Bradley, 1934
- Xeris indecisus (MacGillivray, 1893)
- Xeris malaisei Maa, 1949
- Xeris melancholicus (Westwood, 1874)
- Xeris morrisoni (Cresson, 1880)
- Xeris pallicoxae Goulet, 2015
- Xeris spectrum (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Xeris tarsalis (Cresson, 1880)
- Xeris tropicalis Goulet, 2012
- Xeris umbra Goulet, 2015
- Xeris xanthoceros Goulet, 2015
- Xeris xylocola Goulet, 2015
References
[edit]- ^ a b Saini, Malkiat S.; Singh, Devinder (1987). "A new genus and a new species of Siricinae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Siricidae) from India with a revised key to its world genera". Zoologica Scripta. 16 (2): 177–180. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1987.tb00064.x. S2CID 84234451.
- ^ Schiff, Nathan M.; Goulet, Henri; Smith, David R.; Boudreault, Caroline; Wilson, A. Dan; Scheffler, Brian E. (2012). "Siricidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Siricoidea) of the Western Hemisphere". Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification. 21: 1–305. doi:10.3752/cjai.2012.21.
- ^ a b c d Coulet, Henri; Boudreauult, Caroline; Schiff, Nathan M. (2015). "Revision of the World species of Xeris Costa (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)". Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification. 28: 1–127. doi:10.3752/cjai.2015.28.
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