View source for Ye (Cyrillic)

{{Short description|Cyrillic letter}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2007}}
{{Cyrillic alphabet navbox|
Heading=Cyrillic letter Ye or E|
Image=Cyrillic letter Ye - uppercase and lowercase.svg|size=120px|
name={{Script|Cyrs|есть}} |
derived=[[Epsilon|Greek letter Epsilon]] (Ε&nbsp;ε)
|numeral=5
|sound = [{{IPA link|e}}], [{{IPA link|ɛ}}], [{{IPA link|ɪ̞}}], [{{IPA link|j}}{{IPA link|e}}], [{{IPA link|j}}{{IPA link|ɛ}}], [{{IPA link|j}}{{IPA link|ɪ̞}}], [{{IPA link|j}}{{IPA link|i}}~{{IPA link|j}}{{IPA link|ɵ}}]}}

{{Distinguish|E}}

[[File:Karion Istomin's alphabet E.jpg|thumb|''Ye'', from [[Karion Istomin]]'s [[alphabet book]] (1694)]]
'''E''' (Е&nbsp;е; italics: <span style="font-family: times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: larger">''Е''&nbsp;''е''</span>), known in Russian and Belarusian as '''Ye''', '''Je''', or '''Ie''', is a letter of the [[Cyrillic script]]. In some languages this letter is called E. It commonly represents the vowel {{IPA|[e]}} or {{IPA|[ɛ]}}, like the pronunciation of {{angle bracket|e}} in "y'''e'''s". It was derived from the [[Epsilon|Greek letter epsilon]] (Ε ε), and the shape is very similar to the [[E|Latin letter E]] or another version of [[E (Cyrillic)]].

Ye is romanized using the [[E|Latin letter E]] for Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian, Ukrainian and Rusyn, and occasionally Russian (Озеро Байкал, Ozero Baykal), Je for Belarusian (Заслаўе, Zaslaŭje), Ye for Russian (Европа, Yevropa), and Ie occasionally for Russian (Днепр, Dniepr) and Belarusian (Маладзе́чна, Maladziečna).

==Usage==

===Russian and Belarusian===
*At the beginning of a word or after a vowel, Ye represents the phonemic combination {{IPA|/je/}} (phonetically {{IPA|[je]}} or {{IPA|[jɛ]}}), like the pronunciation of {{angle bracket|ye}} in "'''ye'''s". Ukrainian uses the letter {{angle bracket|є}} (see [[Ukrainian Ye]]) in this way.
*Following a consonant, Ye indicates that the consonant is [[Palatalization (phonetics)|palatalized]], and represents the vowel {{IPA|/e/}} (phonetically {{IPA|[e]}} or {{IPA|[ɛ]}}), like the pronunciation of {{angle bracket|e}} in "y'''e'''s".

In Russian, the letter {{angle bracket|е}} can follow unpalatalized consonants, especially {{angle bracket|ж}}, {{angle bracket|ш}}, and {{angle bracket|ц}}. In some loanwords, other consonants before {{angle bracket|е}} (especially {{angle bracket|т}}, {{angle bracket|д}}, {{angle bracket|н}}, {{angle bracket|с}}, {{angle bracket|з}}, and {{angle bracket|р}}) are also not palatalized, see [[E (Cyrillic)]]. The letter {{angle bracket|е}} also represents {{IPA|/jo/}} (as in "'''yo'''gurt") and {{IPA|/o/}} after palatalized consonants, {{angle bracket|ж}}, and {{angle bracket|ш}}. In these cases, {{angle bracket|ё}} may be used, see [[Yo (Cyrillic)]]. In unstressed syllables, {{angle bracket|e}} represents reduced vowels like {{IPA|[ɪ]}}, see [[Russian phonology]] and [[Vowel reduction in Russian]].

===Bulgarian, Serbian, Macedonian, Ukrainian and Rusyn===
This letter is called E, and represents the vowel phoneme {{IPA|/e/}} (phonetically {{IPA|[e]}} or {{IPA|[ɛ]}}), like the pronunciation of {{angle bracket|e}} in the word "s'''e'''t".

=== Mongolian ===
The letter represents the sound {{IPA|/jo/}} at the beginning of words ([[yo (Cyrillic)|yo]] represents {{IPA|/jɔ/}}), and also represents {{IPA|/je/}} at the beginning of some words and in the middle or end of words and {{IPA|/e/}} in Russian loanwords and transcriptions of foreign names.

===Turkic languages and Tajik===
In Turkic languages utilizing the Cyrillic script (such as [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]] and [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]]) and in [[Tajik language|Tajik]], Ye is used to represent the phoneme {{IPA link|e}}~{{IPA link|ɛ}}, both word-finally and medially. Isolated, word-initially, or vowel-succeeding, this letter is substituted with the letter [[Э]]. If the letter Ye occurs word-initially, isolated, or vowel-succeeding, it represents the phoneme /je/~/jɛ/. This is done in imitation of the Russian usage, as many of these languages received Cyrillic orthographies as part of [[Russification#In the Soviet Union|Russification in the Soviet Union]].

==Computing codes==

{{charmap
|0415|name1=Cyrillic Capital Letter Ie
|0435|name2=Cyrillic Small Letter Ie
|map1=[[KOI8-R]] and [[KOI8-U]] |map1char1=E5 |map1char2=C5
|map2=[[Code page 855]] |map2char1=A9 |map2char2=A8
|map3=[[Windows-1251]] |map3char1=C5 |map3char2=E5
|map4=[[ISO-8859-5]] |map4char1=B5 |map4char2=D5
|map5=[[Macintosh Cyrillic encoding|Macintosh Cyrillic]] |map5char1=85 |map5char2=E5
}}

==See also==
* the Latin letter [[E]]
* the Latin letter [[É]]
* the Greek letter [[Epsilon|Ε]]
* [[Ukrainian Ye]]

==External links==
*{{Wiktionary-inline|Е}}
*{{Wiktionary-inline|е}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Vowel letters]]