Dibenzoylmethane

Dibenzoylmethane
Names
	Preferred IUPAC name 1,3-Diphenylpropane-1,3-dione
	Other names 2-Benzoylacetophenone
Identifiers
CAS Number	120-46-7 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	8126 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.999
PubChem CID	8433;
UNII	ANS7ME8OKC ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3041247 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H12O2/c16-14(12-7-3-1-4-8-12)11-15(17)13-9-5-2-6-10-13/h1-10H,11H2 Key: NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C15H12O2/c16-14(12-7-3-1-4-8-12)11-15(17)13-9-5-2-6-10-13/h1-10H,11H2 Key: NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYAS;
	SMILES C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)CC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2;
Properties
Chemical formula	C15H12O2
Molar mass	224.25 g/mol
Appearance	white solid
Density	1.334 g/cm3
Melting point	77 to 78 °C (171 to 172 °F; 350 to 351 K)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Dibenzoylmethane (DBM) is an organic compound with the formula (C₆H₅C(O))₂CH₂. DBM is the name for a 1,3-diketone, but the compound exists primarily as one of two equivalent enol tautomers.^[2] DBM is a white solid. Due UV-absorbing properties, derivatives of DBM such as avobenzone, have found applications as sunscreen products.

Synthesis and reactions

DBM is prepared by condensation of ethyl benzoate with acetophenone.^[3]

Like other 1,3-diketones (or their enols), DBM condenses with a variety of bifunctional reagents to give heterocycles. Hydrazine gives diphenylpyrazole. Urea and thiourea also condense to give six-membered rings. With metal salts, the conjugate base of DBM forms complexes akin to the metal acetylacetonates.^{[citation needed]}

Occurrence and medicinal properties

Curcumin, structurally related to DBM, is the bright yellow component of the spice turmeric.

Dibenzoylmethane (DBM) is a minor constituent in the root extract of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra in the family Leguminosae).^[4] It is also found in Curcumin. These occurrences have led to investigations into the medicinal properties of this class of compounds.^[5]^[6]

DBM (and Trazodone) slow disease progression by preventing the cessation of protein synthesis in neurons.^[7]

Related compounds

Benzoylacetone

References

^ Jan Zawadiak; Marek Mrzyczek (2010). "UV absorption and keto–enol tautomerism equilibrium of methoxy and dimethoxy 1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-diones". Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. 75 (2): 925–929. Bibcode:2010AcSpA..75..925Z. doi:10.1016/j.saa.2009.12.040. PMID 20047853.
^ Thomas, L. H.; Florence, A. J.; Wilson, C. C. (2009). "Hydrogen atom behaviour imaged in a short intramolecular hydrogen bond using the combined approach of X-ray and neutron diffraction". New Journal of Chemistry. 33 (12): 2486–2490. doi:10.1039/B908915B.
^ Magnani, Arthur; McElvain, S. M. (1940). "Dibenzoylmethane". Org. Synth. 20: 32. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.020.0032.
^ Jackson, Kimberly M.; Deleon, Marisela; Verret, C.Reynold; Harris, Wayne B. (2002). "Dibenzoylmethane Induces Cell Cycle Deregulation in Human Prostate Cancer Cells". Cancer Letters. 178 (2): 161–165. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00844-8. PMID 11867200.
^ Shishu; Singla, A.K.; Kaur, I.P. (2003). "Inhibitory Effect of Dibenzoylmethane on Mutagenicity of Food-Derived Heterocyclic Amine Mutagens". Phytomedicine. 10 (6–7): 575–582. doi:10.1078/094471103322331575. PMID 13678246.
^ Pan, Min-Hsiung; Huang, Mei-Chen; Wang, Ying-Jan; Lin, Jen-Kun; Lin, Chao-Hsien (2003). "Induction of Apoptosis by Hydroxydibenzoylmethane through Coordinative Modulation of Cyclin D3, BCL-XL, and Bax, Release of Cytochrome c, and Sequential Activation of Caspases in Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 51 (14): 3977–3984. doi:10.1021/jf034094i. PMID 12822933.
^ Halliday, Mark; Radford, Helois; Zents, Karlijn A. M.; Molloy, Collin; Moreno, Julie A.; Verity, Nicholas C.; Smith, Ewan; Ortori, Catharine A.; Barrett, David A.; Bushell, Martin; Mallucci, Giovanna R. (2017). "Repurposed Drugs Targeting eIF2α-P-Mediated Translational Repression Prevent Neurodegeneration in Mice". Brain. 140 (6): 1768–1783. doi:10.1093/brain/awx074. PMC 5445255. PMID 28430857.

[Spectro-1] Jan Zawadiak; Marek Mrzyczek (2010). "UV absorption and keto–enol tautomerism equilibrium of methoxy and dimethoxy 1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-diones". Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. 75 (2): 925–929. Bibcode:2010AcSpA..75..925Z. doi:10.1016/j.saa.2009.12.040. PMID 20047853.

[2] Thomas, L. H.; Florence, A. J.; Wilson, C. C. (2009). "Hydrogen atom behaviour imaged in a short intramolecular hydrogen bond using the combined approach of X-ray and neutron diffraction". New Journal of Chemistry. 33 (12): 2486–2490. doi:10.1039/B908915B.

[3] Magnani, Arthur; McElvain, S. M. (1940). "Dibenzoylmethane". Org. Synth. 20: 32. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.020.0032.

[4] Jackson, Kimberly M.; Deleon, Marisela; Verret, C.Reynold; Harris, Wayne B. (2002). "Dibenzoylmethane Induces Cell Cycle Deregulation in Human Prostate Cancer Cells". Cancer Letters. 178 (2): 161–165. doi:10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00844-8. PMID 11867200.

[5] Shishu; Singla, A.K.; Kaur, I.P. (2003). "Inhibitory Effect of Dibenzoylmethane on Mutagenicity of Food-Derived Heterocyclic Amine Mutagens". Phytomedicine. 10 (6–7): 575–582. doi:10.1078/094471103322331575. PMID 13678246.

[6] Pan, Min-Hsiung; Huang, Mei-Chen; Wang, Ying-Jan; Lin, Jen-Kun; Lin, Chao-Hsien (2003). "Induction of Apoptosis by Hydroxydibenzoylmethane through Coordinative Modulation of Cyclin D3, BCL-XL, and Bax, Release of Cytochrome c, and Sequential Activation of Caspases in Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 51 (14): 3977–3984. doi:10.1021/jf034094i. PMID 12822933.

[7] Halliday, Mark; Radford, Helois; Zents, Karlijn A. M.; Molloy, Collin; Moreno, Julie A.; Verity, Nicholas C.; Smith, Ewan; Ortori, Catharine A.; Barrett, David A.; Bushell, Martin; Mallucci, Giovanna R. (2017). "Repurposed Drugs Targeting eIF2α-P-Mediated Translational Repression Prevent Neurodegeneration in Mice". Brain. 140 (6): 1768–1783. doi:10.1093/brain/awx074. PMC 5445255. PMID 28430857.

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