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{{Main|Gamo-Gofa-Dawro language}} |
{{Main|Gamo-Gofa-Dawro language}} |
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Initially, the Gamo language was thought to be a fruit by foreigners, mainly due to the fact that the Gamo people are known for some of their fruits{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}. |
Initially, the Gamo language was thought to be a fruit by foreigners, mainly due to the fact that the Gamo people are known for some of their fruits{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}. |
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However, the Ethiopian government eventually officially recognized the language in 2000 to be taught in schools.<ref>{{Cite |
However, the Ethiopian government eventually officially recognized the language in 2000 to be taught in schools.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Woldemariam|first=Hirut|date=2017|title=Language Planning Challenged by Identity Contestation in a Multilingual Setting: The Case of Gamo|url=https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/282e/95488cd84fb4b3e27bc988d762b7e3caacc8.pdf?_ga=2.85920281.146214015.1632381743-2110984458.1632381743#page=11|url-status=live|access-date=September 23, 2021|journal=[[Semantic Scholar]]|volume=8|doi=10.5617/OSLA.4429|s2cid=55925832|format=pdf}}</ref> |
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== Population == |
== Population == |
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The 2007 Ethiopian national census reported that 1,104,360 people (or 1.56% of the Ethiopian population) identified themselves as Gamo, of whom 139,308 were urban inhabitants and 965,052 rural.<ref name=":0">[http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=264&format=raw&Itemid=521 "Census 2007, Country Level"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114000000/http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=264&format=raw&Itemid=521|date=November 14, 2010}}, Table 3.1</ref> However it is widely believed{{By whom|date=October 2021}} that the population of Gamo is considerably higher.<ref>{{Cite |
The 2007 Ethiopian national census reported that 1,104,360 people (or 1.56% of the Ethiopian population) identified themselves as Gamo, of whom 139,308 were urban inhabitants and 965,052 rural.<ref name=":0">[http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=264&format=raw&Itemid=521 "Census 2007, Country Level"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114000000/http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php?option=com_rubberdoc&view=doc&id=264&format=raw&Itemid=521|date=November 14, 2010}}, Table 3.1</ref> However it is widely believed{{By whom|date=October 2021}} that the population of Gamo is considerably higher.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Socioeconomic and environmental determinants of under-five mortality in Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a matched case-control study|year=2018|doi=10.1186/s12914-018-0153-7|last1=Shifa|first1=Girma Temam|last2=Ahmed|first2=Ahmed Ali|last3=Yalew|first3=Alemayehu Worku|journal=BMC International Health and Human Rights|volume=18|issue=1|page=14|pmid=29486757|pmc=5830345}}</ref> |
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The [[Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region]] is home to the vast majority of the Gamo people.<ref name=":0" /> |
The [[Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region]] is home to the vast majority of the Gamo people.<ref name=":0" /> |
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== Economy == |
== Economy == |
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{{unsourced section|date=April 2021}} |
{{unsourced section|date=April 2021}} |
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The Gamo contributed fruit in [[Ethiopia]]’s capital, [[Addis Ababa]], including, but not limited to, [[banana|bananas]], [[mango|mangos]], [[apple|apples]], and [[papaya|papayas]]. Additionally, the people of Gamo have developed the ability to conserve crop genetic resources while also practicing effective farming strategies. This has led them to grow over 65 varieties of [[barley]], over 12 varieties of [[wheat]], over 100 varieties of [[Ensete ventricosum|enset]], as well as dozens of varieties of [[cassava]], [[taro]], and [[Yam (vegetable)|yam]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Zulch|first=Alan|title=A Thousand Suns: The View From |
The Gamo contributed fruit in [[Ethiopia]]’s capital, [[Addis Ababa]], including, but not limited to, [[banana|bananas]], [[mango|mangos]], [[apple|apples]], and [[papaya|papayas]]. Additionally, the people of Gamo have developed the ability to conserve crop genetic resources while also practicing effective farming strategies. This has led them to grow over 65 varieties of [[barley]], over 12 varieties of [[wheat]], over 100 varieties of [[Ensete ventricosum|enset]], as well as dozens of varieties of [[cassava]], [[taro]], and [[Yam (vegetable)|yam]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Zulch|first=Alan|title=A Thousand Suns: The View From Ethiopia's Gamo Highlands|url=https://ourworld.unu.edu/en/a-thousand-suns-the-view-from-ethiopias-gamo-highlands|url-status=live|website=[[Our World (UN University)|Our World]]}}</ref> Many Gamo people are weavers that make cultural clothes such as [[Kuta (clothing)|kuta]], [[Gabi (clothing)|gabi]], buloko, and dunguza. |
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== Religion and history == |
== Religion and history == |
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Originally, their belief system was rooted in [[traditional African religions]], closely tied to nature.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sacredland.org/gamo-highlands-ethiopia/|title = Gamo Highlands – Ethiopia}}</ref> Today most are members of the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]] or Protestantism [[P'ent'ay]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/11814/ET|title=Gamo in Ethiopia}}</ref> The missionary activities of the Christians has brought disturbances and tensions in the traditional society, threatening the old way of life and the ecological balance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ourworld.unu.edu/en/a-thousand-suns-the-view-from-ethiopias-gamo-highlands|title = A Thousand Suns: The View from Ethiopia's Gamo Highlands - Our World}}</ref> |
Originally, their belief system was rooted in [[traditional African religions]], closely tied to nature.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sacredland.org/gamo-highlands-ethiopia/|title = Gamo Highlands – Ethiopia}}</ref> Today most are members of the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]] or Protestantism [[P'ent'ay]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/11814/ET|title=Gamo in Ethiopia}}</ref> The missionary activities of the Christians has brought disturbances and tensions in the traditional society, threatening the old way of life and the ecological balance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ourworld.unu.edu/en/a-thousand-suns-the-view-from-ethiopias-gamo-highlands|title = A Thousand Suns: The View from Ethiopia's Gamo Highlands - Our World}}</ref> |
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The Gamo and their strict social hierarchy offer an example of how a caste system manifests itself in material culture. Artisans, such as ground stone makers and potters, rely primarily on craft production for their livelihood. In most parts of the world, traditional crafts are becoming less of an option, since mechanized mills, metals, and plastics are becoming more common.<ref>{{Cite web|title= |
The Gamo and their strict social hierarchy offer an example of how a caste system manifests itself in material culture. Artisans, such as ground stone makers and potters, rely primarily on craft production for their livelihood. In most parts of the world, traditional crafts are becoming less of an option, since mechanized mills, metals, and plastics are becoming more common.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Culinary Crafts and Foods in Southwestern Ethiopia: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Gamo Groundstones and Pottery|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269379184|access-date=2021-09-09|website=ResearchGate|language=en}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 20:37, 31 December 2021
 | This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. (August 2021) |
Gamo | |
|---|---|
| Languages | |
| Gamo | |
| Religion | |
| Ethiopian Orthodox, Traditional African religion, Protestantism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Dorze people |
The Gamo people are an Ethiopian ethnic group located in the Gamo Highlands of Southern Ethiopia. They are found in more than 40 communities, including Chencha, Bonke, Kucha, Garbansa, Zargula, Kamba, Dorze, Birbir, Ochello, Boroda, Ganta, Gacho Baba, Eligo, Shella, Kolle, Dita, Kogo and Daramalo.[1]
History
The name "Gamo" means lion,[2] which refers to the group's legacy as one of the Omotic peoples. Along with the Gofa people, they gave their names to the former Gamo-Gofa province of Ethiopia. Gofa broke away from the Gamo-Gofa zone in 2019.
Language
Initially, the Gamo language was thought to be a fruit by foreigners, mainly due to the fact that the Gamo people are known for some of their fruits[citation needed]. However, the Ethiopian government eventually officially recognized the language in 2000 to be taught in schools.[3]
Population
The 2007 Ethiopian national census reported that 1,104,360 people (or 1.56% of the Ethiopian population) identified themselves as Gamo, of whom 139,308 were urban inhabitants and 965,052 rural.[4] However it is widely believed[by whom?] that the population of Gamo is considerably higher.[5]
The Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region is home to the vast majority of the Gamo people.[4]
Economy
 |
The Gamo contributed fruit in Ethiopia’s capital, Addis Ababa, including, but not limited to, bananas, mangos, apples, and papayas. Additionally, the people of Gamo have developed the ability to conserve crop genetic resources while also practicing effective farming strategies. This has led them to grow over 65 varieties of barley, over 12 varieties of wheat, over 100 varieties of enset, as well as dozens of varieties of cassava, taro, and yam.[6] Many Gamo people are weavers that make cultural clothes such as kuta, gabi, buloko, and dunguza.
Religion and history
Originally, their belief system was rooted in traditional African religions, closely tied to nature.[7] Today most are members of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church or Protestantism P'ent'ay[8] The missionary activities of the Christians has brought disturbances and tensions in the traditional society, threatening the old way of life and the ecological balance.[9]
The Gamo and their strict social hierarchy offer an example of how a caste system manifests itself in material culture. Artisans, such as ground stone makers and potters, rely primarily on craft production for their livelihood. In most parts of the world, traditional crafts are becoming less of an option, since mechanized mills, metals, and plastics are becoming more common.[10]
References
- ^ Rave, Thomas (2006). Proceedings of the XVth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Hamburg, July 20-25, 2003. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 9783447047999.
- ^ "Gamo in Ethiopia". joshuaproject.net. Joshua Project. Retrieved 2021-09-02.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Woldemariam, Hirut (2017). "Language Planning Challenged by Identity Contestation in a Multilingual Setting: The Case of Gamo" (pdf). Semantic Scholar. 8. doi:10.5617/OSLA.4429. S2CID 55925832. Retrieved September 23, 2021.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b "Census 2007, Country Level" Archived November 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Table 3.1
- ^ Shifa, Girma Temam; Ahmed, Ahmed Ali; Yalew, Alemayehu Worku (2018). "Socioeconomic and environmental determinants of under-five mortality in Gamo Gofa Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a matched case-control study". BMC International Health and Human Rights. 18 (1): 14. doi:10.1186/s12914-018-0153-7. PMC 5830345. PMID 29486757.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Zulch, Alan. "A Thousand Suns: The View From Ethiopia's Gamo Highlands". Our World.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Gamo Highlands – Ethiopia".
- ^ "Gamo in Ethiopia".
- ^ "A Thousand Suns: The View from Ethiopia's Gamo Highlands - Our World".
- ^ "Culinary Crafts and Foods in Southwestern Ethiopia: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Gamo Groundstones and Pottery". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
Further reading
- Arthur, J. W. (2014). Culinary Crafts and Foods in Southwestern Ethiopia: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Gamo Groundstones and Pottery. The African Archaeological Review, 31(2), 131–168. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43916695
- Freeman, Dena "From Warrior to Wife: Cultural Transformation in the Gamo Highlands of Ethiopia", Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 8 (2002), pp. 23–44
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