Shah Mosque (Tehran): Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 35°40′35″N 51°25′20″E / 35.6763°N 51.4221°E / 35.6763; 51.4221
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The breathtakingly beautiful Shah Mosque is a popular tourist attraction. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Shah Mosque (Tehran)|url=|url-status=live|access-date=7 December 2021|website=Google Info}}</ref>Millions of visitors will come to Tehran to witness the beauty of the mosque in person. It's vibrant interior will take anyone's breathe away. The geographical and historical elements behind this structure do` not coincide with the axis of Mecca. The intention was to create the mosque to be visible from any angle in the Naqsh-e-Jahan square. <ref>{{Cite web|title=|url=https://www.archnet.org/sites/18611|url-status=live|website=Archnet}}</ref>Therefore, it stands as the center of attention. In such a prosperous city of Tehran, the area thrives with an abundance of culture and rich history.
The breathtakingly beautiful Shah Mosque is a popular tourist attraction. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Shah Mosque (Tehran)|url=|url-status=live|access-date=7 December 2021|website=Google Info}}</ref>Millions of visitors will come to Tehran to witness the beauty of the mosque in person. It's vibrant interior will take anyone's breathe away. The geographical and historical elements behind this structure do` not coincide with the axis of Mecca. The intention was to create the mosque to be visible from any angle in the Naqsh-e-Jahan square. <ref>{{Cite web|title=|url=https://www.archnet.org/sites/18611|url-status=live|website=Archnet}}</ref>Therefore, it stands as the center of attention. In such a prosperous city of Tehran, the area thrives with an abundance of culture and rich history.


== Notable events ==
==Notable events==
[[File:Masjid i Shah Tehran by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|280px|The Shah Mosque by [[Eugène Flandin]] in 1851]]
[[File:Masjid i Shah Tehran by Eugène Flandin.jpg|thumb|280px|The Shah Mosque by [[Eugène Flandin]] in 1851]]

On December 11, 1905, the [[Vali (governor)|vāli]] of Tehran ordered the public [[Flagellation|flogging]] of 17 prominent merchants of the Bazaar in the main courtyard of the Shah Mosque, blaming them for the increase in the price of sugar. The [[public humiliation]] of the merchants was condemned by the [[Bazaari]]s and in protest, the [[Grand Bazaar, Tehran|Grand Bazaar]] shut its doors. A public backlash against the government in a series of related incidents ignited the [[Persian Constitutional Revolution]].<ref>''History of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution : Tarikh-e Mashrute-ye Iran'' by [[Ahmad Kasravi]], Page 69-70 {{ISBN|9781568592534}}</ref>
On December 11, 1905, the [[Vali (governor)|vāli]] of Tehran ordered the public [[Flagellation|flogging]] of 17 prominent merchants of the Bazaar in the main courtyard of the Shah Mosque, blaming them for the increase in the price of sugar. The [[public humiliation]] of the merchants was condemned by the [[Bazaari]]s and in protest, the [[Grand Bazaar, Tehran|Grand Bazaar]] shut its doors. A public backlash against the government in a series of related incidents ignited the [[Persian Constitutional Revolution]].<ref>''History of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution : Tarikh-e Mashrute-ye Iran'' by [[Ahmad Kasravi]], Page 69-70 {{ISBN|9781568592534}}</ref>


On March 7, 1951, [[Haj Ali Razmara]], anti-communist [[Prime Minister of Iran]], was attending the memorial service for [[Ayatollah]] Feyz at the Shah Mosque.<ref>''در دامگه حادثه / Dar Damgahe Hadese'' by [[Erfan Ghaneifard]], Page 30, [[Persian language]] – ASIN B0075PW2YK</ref> On his way to the mosque, he was shot dead in the mosque's grand courtyard<ref name="english.aawsat.com"/> by [[Khalil Tahmasebi]], who was described as a "[[religious fanaticism|religious fanatic]]" by ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper = [[The New York Times]]|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1951/03/08/archives/premier-of-iran-is-shot-to-death-in-a-mosque-by-a-religious-fanatic.html|title = Premier of Iran Is Shot to Death In a Mosque by a Religious Fanatic; PREMIER OF IRAN SLAIN IN MOSQUE Cabinet in Emergency Session VICTIM OF ASSASSIN|author = Associated Press|author-link = Associated Press|date = 8 March 1951|access-date = 12 December 2016}}</ref> According to the [[Encyclopædia Britannica]],<ref name = EB /> Tahmasebi was a member of the [[Shia Islam|Shiite]] activist group<ref>{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5Dnb6E5s3HwC&pg=PA177|page = 177|title = Urban Unrest in the Middle East: A Comparative Study of Informal Networks in Egypt, Iran, and Lebanon|first = Guilain|last = Denoeux|publisher = [[SUNY Press]]|isbn = 9781438400846|series = SUNY series in the Social and Economic History of the Middle East|year = 1993|chapter = Religious Networks and Urban Unrest}}</ref> "[[Fada'iyan-e Islam|Fedaʾeyān-e Eslām]] (Persian: 'Self-Sacrificers of Islam'), an extremist religious organization with close ties to the [[Bazaari|traditional merchant class]] and the clergy."<ref name = EB>{{cite web|url = https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ali-Razmara|title = Ali Razmara &ndash; Prime Minister of Iran|publisher = [[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|date = 25 August 2016|access-date = 12 December 2016}}</ref> In 1952, Tahmasebi was freed and pardoned by the Iranian Parliament during the premiership of [[Mohammad Mosaddegh|Mosaddegh]], and he was declared a Soldier of Islam. Following the [[1953 Iranian coup d'état]], Tahmasebi was re-arrested and tried; he was executed in 1955.<ref>{{cite journal|last = Zabih|first = Sepehr|title = Aspects of Terrorism in Iran|journal = [[The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science]]|year = 1982|volume = 463|issue = 1|pages = 84–94|jstor = 1043613|doi = 10.1177/0002716282463001007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,817453,00.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101125203537/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,817453,00.html|url-status = dead|archive-date = November 25, 2010|title = IRAN: Time of the Assassin|date = 1 December 1952|access-date = 12 December 2016|newspaper = [[Time (magazine)|Time]]}}</ref>
On March 7, 1951, [[Haj Ali Razmara]], anti-communist [[Prime Minister of Iran]], was attending the memorial service for [[Ayatollah]] Feyz at the Shah Mosque.<ref>''در دامگه حادثه / Dar Damgahe Hadese'' by Erfan Ghaneifard, p. 30, Persian language – ASIN B0075PW2YK</ref><ref name=farka>{{cite book|author=Farhad Kazemi|editor=Said Amir Arjomand
|title=From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam|date=1984|page=164|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=London
|isbn=978-1-349-06849-4|chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-06847-0|chapter=The Fadaˈiyan-e Islam: Fanaticism, Politics and Terror}}</ref> On his way to the mosque, he was shot dead in the mosque's grand courtyard<ref name="english.aawsat.com"/> by [[Khalil Tahmasebi]], who was described as a "[[religious fanaticism|religious fanatic]]" by ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The New York Times|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1951/03/08/archives/premier-of-iran-is-shot-to-death-in-a-mosque-by-a-religious-fanatic.html|title = Premier of Iran Is Shot to Death In a Mosque by a Religious Fanatic; PREMIER OF IRAN SLAIN IN MOSQUE Cabinet in Emergency Session VICTIM OF ASSASSIN|author = Associated Press|author-link = Associated Press|date = 8 March 1951|access-date = 12 December 2016}}</ref> According to the [[Encyclopædia Britannica]],<ref name = EB /> Tahmasebi was a member of the [[Shia Islam|Shiite]] activist group<ref>{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5Dnb6E5s3HwC&pg=PA177|page = 177|title = Urban Unrest in the Middle East: A Comparative Study of Informal Networks in Egypt, Iran, and Lebanon|first = Guilain|last = Denoeux|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn = 9781438400846|series = SUNY series in the Social and Economic History of the Middle East|year = 1993|chapter = Religious Networks and Urban Unrest}}</ref> "[[Fada'iyan-e Islam|Fedaʾeyān-e Eslām]] (Persian: 'Self-Sacrificers of Islam'), an extremist religious organization with close ties to the [[Bazaari|traditional merchant class]] and the clergy."<ref name = EB>{{cite web|url = https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ali-Razmara|title = Ali Razmara &ndash; Prime Minister of Iran|publisher = [[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|date = 25 August 2016|access-date = 12 December 2016}}</ref> In 1952, Tahmasebi was freed and pardoned by the Iranian Parliament during the premiership of [[Mohammad Mosaddegh|Mosaddegh]], and he was declared a Soldier of Islam. Following the [[1953 Iranian coup d'état]], Tahmasebi was re-arrested and tried; he was executed in 1955.<ref>{{cite journal|last = Zabih|first = Sepehr|title = Aspects of Terrorism in Iran|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science|year = 1982|volume = 463|issue = 1|pages = 84–94|jstor = 1043613|doi = 10.1177/0002716282463001007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url = http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,817453,00.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101125203537/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,817453,00.html|url-status = dead|archive-date = November 25, 2010|title = IRAN: Time of the Assassin|date = 1 December 1952|access-date = 12 December 2016|work=Time}}</ref>


== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==

Revision as of 12:27, 21 April 2022

For other places with similar names, see Shah Mosque.
Shāh Mosque
مسجد شاه
Religion
AffiliationShia Islam
ProvinceTehran Province
Year consecrated1810 to 1825
StatusActive
Location
LocationGrand Bazaar, Tehran, Iran
Shah Mosque (Tehran) is located in Tehran
Shah Mosque (Tehran)
Location in Tehran
Geographic coordinates35°40′35″N 51°25′20″E / 35.6763°N 51.4221°E / 35.6763; 51.4221
Architecture
StyleQajar
Minaret(s)2
"Shah Mosque" by sipo is licensed under CC BY 2.0[1]

The Shah Mosque (Persian: مسجد شاه), also known as the Soltāni Mosque[2] (مسجد سلطانی) meaning "royal", renamed the Imam Mosque (مسجد امام), after the 1979 Iranian Revolution, is a principal[3] mosque in the northern section of the Grand Bazaar in Tehran, Iran.[4]

Structure

The Mosque was built to the order of Fath-Ali Shah Qajar of Persia[5] during the Qajar period, as one of several such symbols of legitimacy for the new dynasty.[6] At the time of completion, the mosque was considered to be the most significant architectural monument in Tehran.[5]

During the reign of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, the two current minarets were added to the structure. The mosque is topped by a small gilt dome.[7] The mosque also has two Shabestan.[8]

The courtyard is accessed from several parts of the Grand Bazaar,[9] the commercial heart of the capital.[10] There are some significant architectural similarities between the Shah Mosque, the Vakil Mosque in Shiraz, and the Royal Mosque in Borujerd. The Shah Mosque [11]is located in Tehran, Iran. It is recognized to be one of the most gorgeous creations of the Persian empire in the Islamic era. The construction of the mosque began from 1611 and was successfully completed in 1629. Built during the Qajar era under the ruler Naser al-Din Shah Qajar, the Shah Mosque[12] serves as a symbol of excellence in the Islamic era. The architectural mastermind behind it all is Ali-Akhbar Isfahani. His innovative way of thinking led him to having an inscription of his name in the mosque above the doorway. The Shah Mosque [13]is intricately detailed with 18 million bricks and 475,000 tiles. They incorporated the seven color style of tile mosaic to amplify the beauty of the exterior.

The breathtakingly beautiful Shah Mosque is a popular tourist attraction. [14]Millions of visitors will come to Tehran to witness the beauty of the mosque in person. It's vibrant interior will take anyone's breathe away. The geographical and historical elements behind this structure do` not coincide with the axis of Mecca. The intention was to create the mosque to be visible from any angle in the Naqsh-e-Jahan square. [15]Therefore, it stands as the center of attention. In such a prosperous city of Tehran, the area thrives with an abundance of culture and rich history.

Notable events

The Shah Mosque by Eugène Flandin in 1851

On December 11, 1905, the vāli of Tehran ordered the public flogging of 17 prominent merchants of the Bazaar in the main courtyard of the Shah Mosque, blaming them for the increase in the price of sugar. The public humiliation of the merchants was condemned by the Bazaaris and in protest, the Grand Bazaar shut its doors. A public backlash against the government in a series of related incidents ignited the Persian Constitutional Revolution.[16]

On March 7, 1951, Haj Ali Razmara, anti-communist Prime Minister of Iran, was attending the memorial service for Ayatollah Feyz at the Shah Mosque.[17][18] On his way to the mosque, he was shot dead in the mosque's grand courtyard[3] by Khalil Tahmasebi, who was described as a "religious fanatic" by The New York Times.[19] According to the Encyclopædia Britannica,[20] Tahmasebi was a member of the Shiite activist group[21] "Fedaʾeyān-e Eslām (Persian: 'Self-Sacrificers of Islam'), an extremist religious organization with close ties to the traditional merchant class and the clergy."[20] In 1952, Tahmasebi was freed and pardoned by the Iranian Parliament during the premiership of Mosaddegh, and he was declared a Soldier of Islam. Following the 1953 Iranian coup d'état, Tahmasebi was re-arrested and tried; he was executed in 1955.[22][23]

Gallery

  • Dome interior
    Dome interior
  • Courtyard
    Courtyard
  • Minaret
    Minaret

References

  1. ^ sipo (2010-05-01), Shah Mosque, retrieved 2021-11-18
  2. ^ Ali Razmara – prime minister of Iran, Britanica
  3. ^ a b Iran and the Ikhwan: Assassinations, Pamphlets and Meetings Archived 2016-10-18 at the Wayback Machine, ASHARQ AL-AWSAT
  4. ^ Bazaar and State in Iran: The Politics of Tehran Marketplace by Arang Keshavarzian, Page 215 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007)
  5. ^ a b مسجدامام خمینی / Imam Khomeini Mosque, Municipality of Tehran (in Persian language)
  6. ^ The Bazaar in the Islamic City: Design, Culture, and History by Mohammad Gharipour, published by The American University in Cairo Press, page 205 – ISBN 9774165292
  7. ^ The City in the Muslim World: Depictions by Western Travel Writers, Mohammad Gharipour, Nilay Ozlu
  8. ^ مسجد امام خمینی / Imam Khomeini Mosque, See Iran (in Persian language)
  9. ^ Imam Khomeini Mosque, Lonely Planet
  10. ^ Mosque fire kills 59 in Tehran, The Guardian
  11. ^ Iran Tourism and Touring Organization [Sirang Rasaneh, www.sirang.com. “Imam Mosque 2021 Tourist Attraction in Tehran, Travel to Iran, Visit Iran.” Itto.org | Iran Tourism & Touring, https://www.itto.org/iran/attraction/imam-mosque-masjid-shah-tehran/. Sirang Rasaneh, www.sirang.com. “Imam Mosque 2021 Tourist Attraction in Tehran, Travel to Iran, Visit Iran.” Itto.org | Iran Tourism & Touring, https://www.itto.org/iran/attraction/imam-mosque-masjid-shah-tehran/.] {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ Imam Mosque: a grand, sparkling jewel of Islamic Architecture https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/457941/Imam-Mosque-a-grand-sparkling-jewel-of-Islamic-architecture. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ Shah Mosque http://www.alluringworld.com/shah-mosque/. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. ^ "Shah Mosque (Tehran)". Google Info. {{cite web}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ^ Archnet https://www.archnet.org/sites/18611. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. ^ History of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution : Tarikh-e Mashrute-ye Iran by Ahmad Kasravi, Page 69-70 ISBN 9781568592534
  17. ^ در دامگه حادثه / Dar Damgahe Hadese by Erfan Ghaneifard, p. 30, Persian language – ASIN B0075PW2YK
  18. ^ Farhad Kazemi (1984). "The Fadaˈiyan-e Islam: Fanaticism, Politics and Terror". In Said Amir Arjomand (ed.). From Nationalism to Revolutionary Islam. London: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 164. ISBN 978-1-349-06849-4.
  19. ^ Associated Press (8 March 1951). "Premier of Iran Is Shot to Death In a Mosque by a Religious Fanatic; PREMIER OF IRAN SLAIN IN MOSQUE Cabinet in Emergency Session VICTIM OF ASSASSIN". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  20. ^ a b "Ali Razmara – Prime Minister of Iran". Encyclopædia Britannica. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  21. ^ Denoeux, Guilain (1993). "Religious Networks and Urban Unrest". Urban Unrest in the Middle East: A Comparative Study of Informal Networks in Egypt, Iran, and Lebanon. SUNY series in the Social and Economic History of the Middle East. SUNY Press. p. 177. ISBN 9781438400846.
  22. ^ Zabih, Sepehr (1982). "Aspects of Terrorism in Iran". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 463 (1): 84–94. doi:10.1177/0002716282463001007. JSTOR 1043613.
  23. ^ "IRAN: Time of the Assassin". Time. 1 December 1952. Archived from the original on November 25, 2010. Retrieved 12 December 2016.

External links

Media related to Shah Mosque (Tehran) at Wikimedia Commons

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