Manihot carthaginensis subsp. glaziovii: Difference between revisions
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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[[File:Manihot glaziovii.jpg|thumb|left|upright| |
[[File:Manihot glaziovii.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Cotonou]], Benin]] |
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*Leaves - palmipartite, peltate; lobes broadly ovate to obovate; green above, glaucous beneath.<ref>http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Manihot_glaziovii.PDF {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> |
*Leaves - palmipartite, peltate; lobes broadly ovate to obovate; green above, glaucous beneath.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Manihot_glaziovii.PDF}} {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> |
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*Flowers - show branched inflorescence. Unisexual flowers are greenish-white or pale yellow with reddish markings.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Manihot glaziovii|url=https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=135510|access-date=2020-07-09|website=www.zimbabweflora.co.zw}}</ref> |
*Flowers - show branched inflorescence. Unisexual flowers are greenish-white or pale yellow with reddish markings.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Manihot glaziovii|url=https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=135510|access-date=2020-07-09|website=www.zimbabweflora.co.zw}}</ref> |
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*Fruit - globose. |
*Fruit - globose. |
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==Uses== |
==Uses== |
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The tree cassava was used a source of rubber, instead of ''[[Hevea brasiliensis]]'' throughout the world. The plant is introduced largely in the world, but now it is classified as one of the highly invasive plant of the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Manihot glaziovii in Flora of China @ efloras.org|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242331575|access-date=2020-07-09|website= |
The tree cassava was used a source of rubber, instead of ''[[Hevea brasiliensis]]'' throughout the world. The plant is introduced largely in the world, but now it is classified as one of the highly invasive plant of the world.<ref>{{Cite web|title=''Manihot glaziovii'' in Flora of China @ efloras.org|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242331575|access-date=2020-07-09|website=Flora of China @ [[efloras]].org}}</ref> |
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This species is useful in [[casssava breeding]] because it is a [[crop wild relative|wild relative]].<ref name="Mapping"/> Several [[quantitative trait loci]] (QTLs) are known to be usable or in use for [[introgression]] into cultivated cassava.<ref name="Mapping"/> This includes those for [[cassava brown streak disease resistance]] found by Abaca ''et al.'', 2013 and four found by Nzuki ''et al.'', 2017.<ref name="Mapping"> |
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Scientists found various enzymatic and inhibitory activities of tree cassava, which have insecticidal and anti-fungal proteins extracted from the latex of the plant. These proteins are effective against insects such as [[Callosobruchus maculatus|cowpea weevil]], and fungi like ''[[Colletotrichum gloesporioides]]'', ''[[Fusarium solani]]'' and ''[[Macrophomina phaseolina]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pereira|first1=Lucilene S.|last2=Gomes|first2=Valdirene M.|last3=Fernandes|first3=Kátia V. S.|last4=Sales|first4=Maurício P.|last5=Xavier-Filho|first5=José|date=1999|title=Insecticidal and antifungic proteins of the latex from Manihot glaziovii Muell. Arg.|journal=Brazilian Journal of Botany|language=en|volume=22|issue=1|pages=27–30|doi=10.1590/S0100-84041999000100005|issn=0100-8404|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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:{{Cite journal|issue=5|volume=19|year=2017|pages=1282–1294|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons, Inc.]]|last1=Tomlinson|first1=Katie R.|last2=Bailey|first2=Andy M.|last3=Alicai|first3=Titus|last4=Seal|first4=Sue|last5=Foster|first5=Gary D.|id=[[British Society for Plant Pathology]] (BSPP)|journal=[[Molecular Plant Pathology]] (MPP)|issn=1464-6722|s2cid=4699121|pmid=28887856|pmc=5947582|doi=10.1111/mpp.12613|title=Cassava brown streak disease: historical timeline, current knowledge and future prospects}} |
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It could be used as graft shoot in a rootstock of edible cassava and increase 10 times the yield per acre. |
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:This review cites this research. |
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:{{Cite journal|volume=8|year=2017|publisher=[[Frontiers Media SA]]|last1=Nzuki|first1=Inosters|last2=Katari|first2=Manpreet S.|last3=Bredeson|first3=Jessen V.|last4=Masumba|first4=Esther|last5=Kapinga|first5=Fortunus|last6=Salum|first6=Kasele|last7=Mkamilo|first7=Geoffrey S.|last8=Shah|first8=Trushar|last9=Lyons|first9=Jessica B.|last10=Rokhsar|first10=Daniel S.|last11=Rounsley|first11=Steve|last12=Myburg|first12=Alexander A.|last13=Ferguson|first13=Morag E.|journal=[[Frontiers in Plant Science]]|issn=1664-462X|s2cid=33515060|pmid=28785268|pmc=5519584|doi=10.3389/fpls.2017.01168|title=QTL Mapping for Pest and Disease Resistance in Cassava and Coincidence of Some QTL with Introgression Regions Derived from ''Manihot glaziovii''}} |
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</ref> |
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== Invasiveness == |
== Invasiveness == |
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Revision as of 21:39, 27 August 2023
| Tree cassava | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | Manihot |
| Species: | |
| Subspecies: | M. c. subsp. glaziovii
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| Trinomial name | |
| Manihot carthaginensis subsp. glaziovii | |
| Synonyms [1] | |
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Manihot carthaginensis subsp. glaziovii, also known as Manihot glaziovii, the tree cassava or Ceara rubber tree, is a species of deciduous flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, that is native to eastern Brazil.
Description
- Leaves - palmipartite, peltate; lobes broadly ovate to obovate; green above, glaucous beneath.[2]
- Flowers - show branched inflorescence. Unisexual flowers are greenish-white or pale yellow with reddish markings.[3]
- Fruit - globose.
Common names
- French - manioc de ceara, maniçoba, ceara, caouchouc de ceara
- Portuguese - maniçoba
- Swahili - mpira
- Yoruba - gbaguda
Uses
The tree cassava was used a source of rubber, instead of Hevea brasiliensis throughout the world. The plant is introduced largely in the world, but now it is classified as one of the highly invasive plant of the world.[4]
This species is useful in casssava breeding because it is a wild relative.[5] Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are known to be usable or in use for introgression into cultivated cassava.[5] This includes those for cassava brown streak disease resistance found by Abaca et al., 2013 and four found by Nzuki et al., 2017.[5]
Invasiveness
The species is invasive in New Caledonia.[6]
References
- ^ "Manihot carthaginensis subsp. Glaziovii (Müll.Arg.) Allem — the Plant List".
- ^ http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Manihot_glaziovii.PDF.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) [bare URL PDF] - ^ "Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Manihot glaziovii". www.zimbabweflora.co.zw. Retrieved 2020-07-09.
- ^ "Manihot glaziovii in Flora of China @ efloras.org". Flora of China @ efloras.org. Retrieved 2020-07-09.
- ^ a b c
- Tomlinson, Katie R.; Bailey, Andy M.; Alicai, Titus; Seal, Sue; Foster, Gary D. (2017). "Cassava brown streak disease: historical timeline, current knowledge and future prospects". Molecular Plant Pathology (MPP). 19 (5). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: 1282–1294. doi:10.1111/mpp.12613. ISSN 1464-6722. PMC 5947582. PMID 28887856. S2CID 4699121. British Society for Plant Pathology (BSPP).
- This review cites this research.
- Nzuki, Inosters; Katari, Manpreet S.; Bredeson, Jessen V.; Masumba, Esther; Kapinga, Fortunus; Salum, Kasele; Mkamilo, Geoffrey S.; Shah, Trushar; Lyons, Jessica B.; Rokhsar, Daniel S.; Rounsley, Steve; Myburg, Alexander A.; Ferguson, Morag E. (2017). "QTL Mapping for Pest and Disease Resistance in Cassava and Coincidence of Some QTL with Introgression Regions Derived from Manihot glaziovii". Frontiers in Plant Science. 8. Frontiers Media SA. doi:10.3389/fpls.2017.01168. ISSN 1664-462X. PMC 5519584. PMID 28785268. S2CID 33515060.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
- ^ Hequet, Vanessa (2009). Les espèces exotiques envahissantes de Nouvelle-Calédonie (PDF) (in French). p. 17.