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Coordinates: 26°32′52″N 100°39′38″E / 26.54778°N 100.66056°E / 26.54778; 100.66056
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'''Chenghai Lake''' ({{zh|s=程海|p=Chénghaǐ}}) is a plateau lake in [[Yunnan Province]], China. The lake has a total area of about {{convert|77.22|km2}}. The average depth is {{convert|25.7|m}}, with an elevation of {{convert|1503|m}}. the water storage capacity is about 19.87×10<sup>8</sup>m<sup>3</sup>.<ref>{{cite book |title=Lakes in China |last1=Sumin |first1=Wang|last2=Hongshen |first2=Dou |year=1998 |publisher=Science Press|location=Beijing|isbn=7-03-006706-1 |page=377}}</ref> Chenghai Lake is one of only three lakes in the world where [[Spirulina (dietary supplement)|Spirulina]] is found naturally.
'''Chenghai Lake''' ({{zh|s=程海|p=Chénghaǐ}}) is a [[Mesotrophic lake|mesotrophic]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Yue |first=TianXiang |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjNyDwAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA14&dq=%22Chenghai+Lake%22&hl=en |title=Chinese Water Systems: Volume 3: Poyang Lake Basin |last2=Nixdorf |first2=Erik |last3=Zhou |first3=Chengzi |last4=Xu |first4=Bing |last5=Zhao |first5=Na |last6=Fan |first6=Zhewen |last7=Huang |first7=Xiaolan |last8=Chen |first8=Cui |last9=Kolditz |first9=Olaf |date=2018-10-09 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-97725-6 |language=en}}</ref> plateau lake in [[Yunnan Province]], China. The lake has a total area of about {{convert|77.22|km2}}. The average depth is {{convert|25.7|m}}, with an elevation of {{convert|1503|m}}. the water storage capacity is about 19.87×10<sup>8</sup>m<sup>3</sup>.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sumin |first1=Wang |title=Lakes in China |last2=Hongshen |first2=Dou |publisher=Science Press |year=1998 |isbn=7-03-006706-1 |location=Beijing |page=377}}</ref> Chenghai Lake is one of only three lakes in the world where [[Spirulina (dietary supplement)|Spirulina]] is found naturally.{{Cn|date=September 2023}}

== Ecology ==
Chenghai Lake is known to have significant [[yeast]] biodiversity; a study collected and identified 64 yeast strains, in 22 species across 8 genera.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zhou |first=Xinli |last2=Li |first2=Zhiying |last3=Yang |first3=Liyuan |last4=Dong |first4=Minghua |last5=Li |first5=Shaolan |date=2011-04-01 |title=[Identification of yeasts isolated from Chenghai Lake, a plateau lake in Yunnan province] |url=https://europepmc.org/article/med/21796991 |journal=Wei sheng wu xue bao = Acta microbiologica Sinica |volume=51 |issue=4 |pages=547–553 |issn=0001-6209 |pmid=21796991}}</ref> The lake is a [[Closed ecological system|closed ecosystem]], and is mesotrophic, meaning it supports an intermediate level of [[biological productivity]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Xu |first=Yan |last2=He |first2=Shu |last3=Peng |first3=Jianfeng |last4=Huang |first4=Fei |last5=Huo |first5=Xumeng |last6=Tu |first6=Haiwen |last7=Cai |first7=Yanpeng |last8=Huang |first8=Xuena |last9=Sun |first9=Jun |date=2022-08-01 |title=Mobile generalist species dominate the food web succession in a closed ecological system, Chenghai Lake, China |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235198942200124X |journal=Global Ecology and Conservation |volume=36 |pages=e02122 |doi=10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02122 |issn=2351-9894}}</ref> Aquatic vegetation in the lake has declined, probably due to pollution, habitat destruction, [[eutrophication]], and effects of [[grass carp]] stocks.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=YunXian |first=Dong |last2=ZhiWei |first2=Tan |last3=JunSong |first3=Wang |date=2011 |title=Current status and evolution trend of aquatic vegetation in Chenghai Lake |journal=[[Plant Diversity and Resources]] |location=Beijing |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=451-457 |issn=2095-0845}}</ref>

== Pollution ==
[[Caesium-137]], a radioactive fallout isotope, is present in the lake.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Walling |first=D. E. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vwv9LWkNwaQC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA82&dq=%22Chenghai+Lake%22&hl=en |title=Sediment Budgets |last2=Horowitz |first2=Arthur J. |date=2005 |publisher=IAHS Press |isbn=978-1-901502-87-9 |language=en}}</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
{{Lakes of China}}
{{Lakes of China}}{{China-lake-stub}}

[[Category:Lakes of Yunnan]]
[[Category:Lakes of Yunnan]]
[[Category:Geography of Lijiang]]
[[Category:Geography of Lijiang]]

Revision as of 20:41, 26 September 2023

Chenghai Lake
Location of the lake in Yunnan
Location of the lake in Yunnan
Chenghai Lake
LocationChenghai Town, Yongsheng County, Yunnan
Coordinates26°32′52″N 100°39′38″E / 26.54778°N 100.66056°E / 26.54778; 100.66056
Catchment area228.9 km2 (88.4 sq mi)
Basin countriesChina
Max. length19.35 km (12 mi)
Max. width5.3 km (3 mi)
Surface area77.22 km2 (0 sq mi)
Average depth25.7 m (84 ft)
Max. depth35.1 m (115 ft)
Water volume1.987 billion cubic metres (70.2×10^9 cu ft)
Surface elevation1,503 m (4,931 ft)

Chenghai Lake (Chinese: 程海; pinyin: Chénghaǐ) is a mesotrophic[1] plateau lake in Yunnan Province, China. The lake has a total area of about 77.22 square kilometres (29.81 sq mi). The average depth is 25.7 metres (84 ft), with an elevation of 1,503 metres (4,931 ft). the water storage capacity is about 19.87×108m3.[2] Chenghai Lake is one of only three lakes in the world where Spirulina is found naturally.[citation needed]

Ecology

Chenghai Lake is known to have significant yeast biodiversity; a study collected and identified 64 yeast strains, in 22 species across 8 genera.[3] The lake is a closed ecosystem, and is mesotrophic, meaning it supports an intermediate level of biological productivity.[1][4] Aquatic vegetation in the lake has declined, probably due to pollution, habitat destruction, eutrophication, and effects of grass carp stocks.[5]

Pollution

Caesium-137, a radioactive fallout isotope, is present in the lake.[6]

Notes

  1. ^ a b Yue, TianXiang; Nixdorf, Erik; Zhou, Chengzi; Xu, Bing; Zhao, Na; Fan, Zhewen; Huang, Xiaolan; Chen, Cui; Kolditz, Olaf (2018-10-09). Chinese Water Systems: Volume 3: Poyang Lake Basin. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-97725-6.
  2. ^ Sumin, Wang; Hongshen, Dou (1998). Lakes in China. Beijing: Science Press. p. 377. ISBN 7-03-006706-1.
  3. ^ Zhou, Xinli; Li, Zhiying; Yang, Liyuan; Dong, Minghua; Li, Shaolan (2011-04-01). "[Identification of yeasts isolated from Chenghai Lake, a plateau lake in Yunnan province]". Wei sheng wu xue bao = Acta microbiologica Sinica. 51 (4): 547–553. ISSN 0001-6209. PMID 21796991.
  4. ^ Xu, Yan; He, Shu; Peng, Jianfeng; Huang, Fei; Huo, Xumeng; Tu, Haiwen; Cai, Yanpeng; Huang, Xuena; Sun, Jun (2022-08-01). "Mobile generalist species dominate the food web succession in a closed ecological system, Chenghai Lake, China". Global Ecology and Conservation. 36: e02122. doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02122. ISSN 2351-9894.
  5. ^ YunXian, Dong; ZhiWei, Tan; JunSong, Wang (2011). "Current status and evolution trend of aquatic vegetation in Chenghai Lake". Plant Diversity and Resources. 33 (4). Beijing: 451–457. ISSN 2095-0845.
  6. ^ Walling, D. E.; Horowitz, Arthur J. (2005). Sediment Budgets. IAHS Press. ISBN 978-1-901502-87-9.
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