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{{Short description|Species of plant native to Australia}}
{{Short description |Species of plant in the family Apiaceae}}
{{Redirect|Blue umbrella|book|The Blue Umbrella|the film adaptation of that book|The Blue Umbrella (2005 film)|the unrelated Pixar short film|The Blue Umbrella (2013 film)}}
{{Redirect|Blue umbrella|book|The Blue Umbrella|the film adaptation of that book|The Blue Umbrella (2005 film)|the unrelated Pixar short film|The Blue Umbrella (2013 film)}}
{{Use Australian English|date=March 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Mackinlaya macrosciadea.jpg
|name = Mackinlaya
| image2 = Mackinlaya macrosciadea leaf.jpg
|image = Mackinlaya macrosciadea ALA1.jpg
|image_caption = Foliage and flowers
| image2_caption = leaf
|status = LC
| genus = Mackinlaya
|status_system = QLDNCA
| species = macrosciadea
|status_ref = {{R|DESQLD}}
⚫
| authority = ([[Ferdinand von Mueller|F.Muell.]]) F.Muell.
|taxon = Mackinlaya macrosciadea
⚫
| synonyms = *''Panax macrosciadeus'' <small>F.Muell.</small>
⚫
|authority = [[Ferdinand von Mueller|F.Muell.]]{{R|APNI|POWO}}
⚫
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="POWO"/>
|range_map =
⚫
|synonyms = Panax macrosciadeus {{small|F.Muell.}} (1860)
⚫
|synonyms_ref = {{R|POWO}}
}}
}}


'''''Mackinlaya macrosciadea''''', commonly known as '''mackinlaya''' or ''' blue umbrella''', is a plant in the carrot, fennel and parsley family [[Apiaceae]], found in the [[Northern Territory]] and [[Queensland]], Australia.
'''''Mackinlaya macrosciadea''''' is a species of plant in the family [[Apiaceae]], first described in 1860 by [[Ferdinand von Mueller]] as ''Panax macrosciadeus'',<ref name=apni>{{APNI2 |id=57956 |name=''Mackinlaya macrosciadea''}}</ref><ref name=muell>{{cite Q |Q5477700 |date=1860 |volume=2 |issue=14 |pages=108 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/760896}}</ref> and then transferred by him into the genus ''[[Mackinlaya]]'' in 1864.<ref name=apni/><ref name=muell2>{{cite Q |Q5477700 |date=1864 |volume= 4 |issue=28 |pages= 120, t. XXIX |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/761282}}</ref> It goes by the [[common name]] '''blue umbrella'''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mackinlaya macrosciadea (F.Muell.) F.Muell. |url=https://bie.ala.org.au/species/https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2909210 |access-date=2021-12-11 |website=Atlas of Living Australia}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=March 2024}}


==Description==
The species is native to both the [[Northern Territory]] and [[Queensland]].<ref name="POWO">{{cite POWO |id=90982-1 |title=''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' |access-date=24 December 2021}}</ref> It is a shrub growing at the margins of rainforests<ref name="RFK">{{cite web |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/Mackinlaya_macrosciadea.htm |title=''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' |author1=F.A.Zich |author2=B.P.M.Hyland |author3=T.Whiffen |author4=R.A.Kerrigan |author2-link=Bernard Hyland |year=2020 |website=[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]] Edition 8 (RFK8) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), [[Australian Government]] |access-date=2022-09-19}}</ref> and can reach heights of {{convert|3|m|spell=in}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Blue Umbrella |url=https://www.mackay.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/266557/Mackinlaya_macrosciadea_.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212203429/https://www.mackay.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/266557/Mackinlaya_macrosciadea_.pdf |archive-date=12 December 2021 |access-date=13 December 2021 |website=Mackay Regional Council}}</ref>
''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' is an evergreen shrub growing up to 3–5&nbsp;m tall (10–16&nbsp;ft), usually unbranched. The [[Leaf#Divisions of the blade |compound]] leaves are held on [[Petiole (botany)|petioles]] up to {{cvt|15|cm|0}} long, with 3–7 leaflets arranged around a common attachment point (i.e. they are [[Glossary of leaf morphology#palmate|palmate]]). The leaflets are {{botanygloss|glabrous}} (without hairs), measure up to {{cvt|18|cm|0}} long and {{cvt|6|cm}} wide, and their margins may be smooth, toothed or lobed.{{R|RFK|COOPER2|AUSTRAITS}}

The [[inflorescence]] is {{botanygloss|terminal}} and takes the form of an [[umbel]] of umbels - that is, a number of stalks of equal length emanate from a single point on the plant, and these in turn branch into a number of flower stalks ([[Pedicel (botany)|pedicels]]), again of common length and attachment point, and each carrying a single flower. Individual flowers are about {{cvt|2.5|mm|2}} diameter and may be white, cream or green.{{R|RFK|COOPER2|AUSTRAITS}}

The fruit is a [[glaucous]], blue-grey or purple, 2-lobed [[drupe]] about {{cvt|15|mm|2}} long and {{cvt|18|mm|2}} wide. They contain 1–2 cream to pale brown seeds.{{R|RFK|COOPER2|AUSTRAITS}}

===Phenology===
Flowering and fruiting both occur from May to November.{{R|COOPER2|AUSTRAITS}}

==Taxonomy==
This species was first described as ''Panax macrosciadeus'' in 1860 by the [[Victoria (state)|Victorian]] colonial botanist [[Ferdinand von Mueller]], and published in his multi-volume book [[Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae|''Fragmenta phytographiæ Australiæ'']]. The description was based on material collected by the Irish botanist and collector [[Eugene Fitzalan]] from the [[Cumberland Islands (Queensland)|Cumberland Islands]].{{R|MUELLER1}} Four years later, in 1864, Mueller revised his description and transferred the species to its current genus ''Mackinlaya''.{{R|MUELLER2}}

===Etymology===
The genus ''Mackinlaya'' was erected by Mueller and named in honour of the Scottish-born Australian explorer [[John McKinlay]] (cited as "J. MacKinlay" by Mueller).{{R|COOPER2|MUELLER2}} The [[Botanical name#Binary name|species epithet]] ''macrosciadea'' is derived from "macro" meaning large or great, combined with "sciadion" meaning parasol, and is a reference to the arrangement of the inflorescences.{{R|COOPER2}}

===Vernacular names===
The common name preferred by Australian botanic authorities is Mackinlaya.{{R|DESQLD|AUSTRAITS|ALA}} It is also known as blue umbrella.{{R|RFK}}

==Distribution and habitat==
Mackinlaya is present both in and on the margins of various types of rainforest, where it is an [[understory|understorey]] tree. It occurs in a number of disjunct ranges - one in the Northern Territory in the [[Arnhem Plateau]] and [[Pine Creek bioregion|Pine Creek]] bioregions, and several populations on the east coast of Queensland, from [[Lockhart River, Queensland|Lockhart River]] to the [[Sunshine Coast, Queensland|Sunshine Coast]]. The altitudinal range in Queensland is from sea level to {{cvt|1100|m}}.{{R|RFK|FLORANT|AVH}}

==Ecology==
The fruit are eaten by [[Southern cassowary|cassowaries]] (''Casuarius casuarius'') and [[tooth-billed bowerbird]]s (''Scenopoeetes dentirostris'').{{R|COOPER2|AUSTRAITS}}

==Conservation==
This species is listed by the Queensland Government's [[Department of Environment, Science and Innovation (Queensland)|Department of Environment, Science and Innovation]] as [[Least-concern_species|least concern]].{{R|DESQLD}} {{As of|2024|03|28}}, it has not been assessed by the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] (IUCN).

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Mackinlaya macrosciadea 37763657.jpg|Habit
File:Mackinlaya macrosciadea leaf.jpg|A compound leaf
File:Mackinlaya macrosciadea 180179525.jpg|Foliage, flower buds
File:Mackinlaya macrosciadea ALA6.jpg|Flowers
File:Mackinlaya macrosciadea ALA5.jpg|Mature fruit
</gallery>

⚫
==References==
⚫
{{Reflist|28em|refs=
<ref name="DESQLD">{{cite web |url=https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=16703 |title=Species profile—''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' |year=2022 |website=Queensland Department of Environment and Science |publisher=[[Queensland Government]] |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="ALA">{{cite web |url=https://bie.ala.org.au/species/https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2909210 |title=''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' |website=[[Atlas of Living Australia]] |publisher=National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS), [[Australian Government]] |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="APNI">{{cite web |url=https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/57956 |title=''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' (F.Muell.) F.Muell. |website=[[Australian Plant Name Index]] (APNI) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, [[Australian Government]] |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="POWO">{{cite web |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:90982-1 |title=''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' (F.Muell.) F.Muell. |website=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |year=2024 |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="RFK">{{cite web |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/Mackinlaya_macrosciadea.htm |title=''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' |author1=F.A.Zich |author2=B.P.M.Hyland |author3=T.Whiffen |author4=R.A.Kerrigan |author2-link=Bernard Hyland |year=2020 |website=[[Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants]] Edition 8 (RFK8) |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), [[Australian Government]] |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="FLORANT">{{cite web |url=https://eflora.nt.gov.au/factsheet?id=328 |title=''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' |vauthors= Cowie I, Lewis D, etal |year= |website=[[FloraNT]], [[Northern Territory Herbarium]] |publisher=[[Northern Territory Government]], Darwin. |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="COOPER2">{{Cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Wendy |last2=Cooper |first2=William T. |author-link2=William T. Cooper |date=June 2004 |title=Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest |publication-place=Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia |publisher=Nokomis Editions |isbn=978-0958174213 |url=https://www.nokomis.com.au/product/nokomis-published-books/fruits-australian-tropical-rainforest/ |page=64}}</ref>

<ref name="AUSTRAITS">{{cite journal |vauthors=Falster D, Gallagher R, Wenk E, etal |title=AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora |journal=Scientific Data |volume=8 |issue=254 |date=2021 |doi=10.1038/s41597-021-01006-6 |url=https://bie.ala.org.au/species/https://id.biodiversity.org.au/node/apni/2909210 |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="MUELLER2">{{cite book |last1=Mueller |first1=Ferdinand von |title=Fragmenta Phytographiæ Australiæ |date=1864 |volume=4(28) |publisher=Joannis Ferres |location=Melbourne |pages=120 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/761282 |language=Latin |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="MUELLER1">{{cite book |last1=Mueller |first1=Ferdinand von |title=Fragmenta Phytographiæ Australiæ |date=1860 |volume=2(14) |publisher=Joannis Ferres |location=Melbourne |pages=108 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/760896 |language=Latin |access-date=28 March 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="AVH">{{cite web |title=Search: species: Mackinlaya macrosciadea {{!}} Occurrence records |url=https://avh.ala.org.au/occurrences/search?taxa=Mackinlaya%20macrosciadea#tab_mapView |website=[[Australasian Virtual Herbarium]] |publisher=[[Australian Government]] |access-date=29 March 2024}}</ref>
}}


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== References ==
⚫
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*[https://www.gbif.org/species/3037568 ''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' images and occurrence data] from [[GBIF]]
* [https://avh.ala.org.au/occurrences/search?taxa=Mackinlaya+macrosciadea#tab_mapView View a map] of herbarium collections of this species at the [[Australasian Virtual Herbarium]]
*[https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/mackinlaya_macrosciadea.htm ''Mackinlaya macrosciadea'' (description and images)]
* [https://inaturalist.ala.org.au/observations?taxon_id=370080 View observations] of this species on [[iNaturalist]]
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q15596056}}
* [https://flickriver.com/search/Mackinlaya+macrosciadea View images] of this species on Flickriver.com


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{{Taxonbar|from1=Q15596056|from2=Q65944717}}


[[Category:Mackinlayoideae]]
[[Category:Mackinlaya|macrosciadea]]
[[Category:Flora of Australia]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of Australia]]
[[Category:Flora of Queensland]]
[[Category:Flora of the Nortern Territory]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Ferdinand von Mueller]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Ferdinand von Mueller]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1860]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1864]]

{{Apiaceae-stub}}

Revision as of 03:42, 29 March 2024

"Blue umbrella" redirects here. For book, see The Blue Umbrella. For the film adaptation of that book, see The Blue Umbrella (2005 film). For the unrelated Pixar short film, see The Blue Umbrella (2013 film).

Mackinlaya
Foliage and flowers
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Mackinlaya
Species:
M. macrosciadea
Binomial name
Mackinlaya macrosciadea
Synonyms[3]

Panax macrosciadeus F.Muell. (1860)

Mackinlaya macrosciadea, commonly known as mackinlaya or blue umbrella, is a plant in the carrot, fennel and parsley family Apiaceae, found in the Northern Territory and Queensland, Australia.

Description

Mackinlaya macrosciadea is an evergreen shrub growing up to 3–5 m tall (10–16 ft), usually unbranched. The compound leaves are held on petioles up to 15 cm (6 in) long, with 3–7 leaflets arranged around a common attachment point (i.e. they are palmate). The leaflets are glabrous (without hairs), measure up to 18 cm (7 in) long and 6 cm (2.4 in) wide, and their margins may be smooth, toothed or lobed.[4][5][6]

The inflorescence is terminal and takes the form of an umbel of umbels - that is, a number of stalks of equal length emanate from a single point on the plant, and these in turn branch into a number of flower stalks (pedicels), again of common length and attachment point, and each carrying a single flower. Individual flowers are about 2.5 mm (0.10 in) diameter and may be white, cream or green.[4][5][6]

The fruit is a glaucous, blue-grey or purple, 2-lobed drupe about 15 mm (0.59 in) long and 18 mm (0.71 in) wide. They contain 1–2 cream to pale brown seeds.[4][5][6]

Phenology

Flowering and fruiting both occur from May to November.[5][6]

Taxonomy

This species was first described as Panax macrosciadeus in 1860 by the Victorian colonial botanist Ferdinand von Mueller, and published in his multi-volume book Fragmenta phytographiæ Australiæ. The description was based on material collected by the Irish botanist and collector Eugene Fitzalan from the Cumberland Islands.[7] Four years later, in 1864, Mueller revised his description and transferred the species to its current genus Mackinlaya.[8]

Etymology

The genus Mackinlaya was erected by Mueller and named in honour of the Scottish-born Australian explorer John McKinlay (cited as "J. MacKinlay" by Mueller).[5][8] The species epithet macrosciadea is derived from "macro" meaning large or great, combined with "sciadion" meaning parasol, and is a reference to the arrangement of the inflorescences.[5]

Vernacular names

The common name preferred by Australian botanic authorities is Mackinlaya.[1][6][9] It is also known as blue umbrella.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Mackinlaya is present both in and on the margins of various types of rainforest, where it is an understorey tree. It occurs in a number of disjunct ranges - one in the Northern Territory in the Arnhem Plateau and Pine Creek bioregions, and several populations on the east coast of Queensland, from Lockhart River to the Sunshine Coast. The altitudinal range in Queensland is from sea level to 1,100 m (3,600 ft).[4][10][11]

Ecology

The fruit are eaten by cassowaries (Casuarius casuarius) and tooth-billed bowerbirds (Scenopoeetes dentirostris).[5][6]

Conservation

This species is listed by the Queensland Government's Department of Environment, Science and Innovation as least concern.[1] As of 28 March 2024, it has not been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Gallery

  • Habit
    Habit
  • A compound leaf
    A compound leaf
  • Foliage, flower buds
    Foliage, flower buds
  • Flowers
    Flowers
  • Mature fruit
    Mature fruit

References

  1. ^ a b c "Species profile—Mackinlaya macrosciadea". Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Queensland Government. 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  2. ^ "Mackinlaya macrosciadea (F.Muell.) F.Muell". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Mackinlaya macrosciadea (F.Muell.) F.Muell". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d e F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Mackinlaya macrosciadea". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Cooper, Wendy; Cooper, William T. (June 2004). Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia: Nokomis Editions. p. 64. ISBN 978-0958174213.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Falster D, Gallagher R, Wenk E, et al. (2021). "AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora". Scientific Data. 8 (254). doi:10.1038/s41597-021-01006-6. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  7. ^ Mueller, Ferdinand von (1860). Fragmenta Phytographiæ Australiæ (in Latin). Vol. 2(14). Melbourne: Joannis Ferres. p. 108. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  8. ^ a b Mueller, Ferdinand von (1864). Fragmenta Phytographiæ Australiæ (in Latin). Vol. 4(28). Melbourne: Joannis Ferres. p. 120. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  9. ^ "Mackinlaya macrosciadea". Atlas of Living Australia. National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy (NCRIS), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  10. ^ Cowie I, Lewis D, et al. "Mackinlaya macrosciadea". FloraNT, Northern Territory Herbarium. Northern Territory Government, Darwin. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
  11. ^ "Search: species: Mackinlaya macrosciadea | Occurrence records". Australasian Virtual Herbarium. Australian Government. Retrieved 29 March 2024.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mackinlaya macrosciadea.
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