Microvenular hemangioma: Difference between revisions
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'''Microvenular hemangioma''' is an acquired benign [[vascular tumor]] that presents as an [[asymptomatic]], slowly growing, 0.5- to 2.0 |
'''Microvenular hemangioma''' is an acquired benign [[vascular tumor]] that presents as an [[asymptomatic]], slowly growing, 0.5- to 2.0 cm reddish [[lesion]] on the forearms or other sites of young to middle-aged adults.<ref name="Andrews">{{cite book|author=James, William|author2=Berger, Timothy|author3=Elston, Dirk|year=2005| title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology|url=https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseasess00mdwi_659|url-access=limited|edition=10th|page=[https://archive.org/details/andrewsdiseasess00mdwi_659/page/n606 596]|publisher=Saunders|isbn= 978-0-7216-2921-6}}</ref> The cause of microvenular hemangioma is unknown, however it has been associated with [[immunosuppression]]. |
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== Signs and symptoms == |
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Microvenular hemangioma appears as slow-growing, frequently numerous lesions, [[Erythema|erythematous]], violaceous, or moderately pruriginous macules, [[Papule|papules]], or [[Nodule (medicine)|nodules]] without any symptoms.<ref name="4 Chinese Patients">{{cite journal | last=Xu | first=Xiu-Lian | last2=Xu | first2=Cui-Rong | last3=Chen | first3=Hao | last4=Cao | first4=Yuan-Hua | last5=Zeng | first5=Xue-Si | last6=Sun | first6=Jian-Fang | last7=Guo | first7=Ying | title=Eruptive Microvenular Hemangiomas in 4 Chinese Patients: Clinicopathologic Correlation and Review of the Literature | journal=The American Journal of Dermatopathology | volume=32 | issue=8 | date=2010 | issn=0193-1091 | doi=10.1097/DAD.0b013e3181d74290 | pages=837–840}}</ref> They usually appear on the forearm. There have also been reports of lesions on the soles of the feet, forehead, legs, and chest.<ref name="3 Cases">{{cite journal | last=Giacaman | first=A. | last2=del Pozo | first2=L.J. | last3=Bauzá | first3=A. | last4=Saus | first4=C. | title=Microvenular Hemangioma: Morphological Study of 3 Cases | journal=Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition) | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=109 | issue=4 | year=2018 | issn=1578-2190 | doi=10.1016/j.adengl.2017.06.022 | pages=381–384}}</ref> |
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== Causes == |
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Although the exact cause of microvenular hemangioma is uncertain, it has been found in certain instances during [[pregnancy]] or after changes in [[hormonal contraception]].<ref name="Understanding">{{cite journal | last=Bantel | first=E. | last2=Grosshans | first2=E. | last3=Ortonne | first3=J. P. | title=[Understanding microcapillary angioma, observations in pregnant patients and in females treated with hormonal contraceptives] | journal=Zeitschrift Fur Hautkrankheiten | volume=64 | issue=12 | date=1989-12-15 | issn=0301-0481 | pmid=2534452 | pages=1071–1074}}</ref> In certain circumstances, imbalanced [[Sex hormone|sex hormones]] could potentially be the cause.<ref name="Multiple">{{cite journal | last=Ai | first=Dong Fang | last2=Li | first2=Yan | last3=Jindal | first3=Aikaj | last4=Li | first4=Ping | title=Multiple microvenular hemangioma: A case report | journal=Oncology Letters | volume=7 | issue=1 | date=2014 | issn=1792-1074 | pmid=24348863 | pmc=3861598 | doi=10.3892/ol.2013.1659 | pages=275–277}}</ref> Microvenular hemangioma has also been associated with [[immunosuppression]].<ref name="Tur-González 2015">{{cite journal | last=Tur-González | first=Raquel | last2=González-de Arriba | first2=Ana | last3=Martín-López | first3=María Rocío | last4=Ramos-Nieto | first4=María Luz | title=Hemangioma microvenular: lesión vascular benigna de patrón infiltrante. Presentación de 3 casos y revisión de la literatura | journal=Revista Española de Patología | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=48 | issue=4 | year=2015 | issn=1699-8855 | doi=10.1016/j.patol.2015.07.004 | pages=203–207 | language=es}}</ref> |
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== Diagnosis == |
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Multiple distinct red globules are seen under a [[microscope]], and a finely pigmented network is seen around the periphery.<ref name="Dermoscopy">{{cite journal | last=Scalvenzi | first=Massimiliano | last2=De Natale | first2=Flora | last3=Francia | first3=Maria Grazia | last4=Balato | first4=Anna | title=Dermoscopy of Microvenular Hemangioma: Report of a Case | journal=Dermatology | publisher=S. Karger AG | volume=215 | issue=1 | year=2007 | issn=1018-8665 | doi=10.1159/000102038 | pages=69–71}}</ref> Histologically, microvenular hemangioma is made up of venules with thin walls that branch erratically and have barely noticeable vascular lumina. The dermis's [[collagen]] bundles are thickened.<ref name="Multiple"/> [[Pericyte|Pericytes]] envelop the [[Endothelium|endothelial cells]],<ref name="Aloi 1993">{{cite journal | last=Aloi | first=Filippo | last2=Tomasini | first2=Carlo | last3=Pippione | first3=Mario | title=Microvenular Hemangioma | journal=The American Journal of Dermatopathology | publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | volume=15 | issue=6 | year=1993 | issn=0193-1091 | doi=10.1097/00000372-199312000-00003 | pages=534–538}}</ref> which can exhibit a combination of plump and flat cells without [[Pleomorphism (microbiology)|pleomorphism]] or mitotic patterns.<ref name="Fukunaga 1998">{{cite journal | last=Fukunaga | first=Masaharu | last2=Ushigome | first2=Shinichiro | title=Microvenular hemangioma | journal=Pathology International | publisher=Wiley | volume=48 | issue=3 | year=1998 | issn=1320-5463 | doi=10.1111/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03899.x | pages=237–239}}</ref> |
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[[Immunohistochemistry|Immunohistochemically]], an microvenular hemangioma's endothelial cells show positive staining for [[CD31]], [[CD34]], and [[factor VIII]], while its [[Pericyte|pericytes]] show positive staining for SMA.<ref name="Dermoscopy"/><ref name="Rare Vascular">{{cite journal | last=Stefanaki | first=Christina | last2=Stefanaki | first2=Kalliopi | last3=Floros | first3=Konstantinos | last4=Rontogiani | first4=Dimitra | last5=Georgala | first5=Sofia | title=Microvenular Hemangioma: A Rare Vascular Lesion | journal=The Journal of Dermatology | publisher=Wiley | volume=32 | issue=5 | year=2005 | issn=0385-2407 | doi=10.1111/j.1346-8138.2005.tb00915.x | pages=402–404}}</ref> However, neither cell shows positive staining for [[podoplanin]].<ref name="podoplanin">{{cite journal | last=Fernandez-Flores | first=Angel | title=Lack of expression of podoplanin by microvenular hemangioma | journal=Pathology - Research and Practice | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=204 | issue=11 | year=2008 | issn=0344-0338 | doi=10.1016/j.prp.2008.06.002 | pages=817–821}}</ref> |
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The differential diagnosis for microvenular hemangioma includes acquired ([[Tufted angioma|tufted]]) [[angioma]], [[Kaposi's sarcoma|Kaposi sarcoma]], [[Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma]], and [[sclerosing hemangioma]].<ref name="Soft Tissue">{{cite book | last=Mocellin | first=Simone | title=Soft Tissue Tumors | chapter=Microvenular Hemangioma | publisher=Springer International Publishing | publication-place=Cham | date=2021 | isbn=978-3-030-58709-3 | doi=10.1007/978-3-030-58710-9_173 | page=553–554}}</ref> |
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== Treatment == |
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The treatment for microvenular hemangioma is surgical excision.<ref name="Soft Tissue"/> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[Hemangioma]] |
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* [[List of cutaneous conditions]] |
* [[List of cutaneous conditions]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== Further reading == |
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* {{cite journal | last=Napekoski | first=Karl M. | last2=Fernandez | first2=Anthony P. | last3=Billings | first3=Steven D. | title=Microvenular hemangioma: a clinicopathologic review of 13 cases | journal=Journal of Cutaneous Pathology | publisher=Wiley | volume=41 | issue=11 | date=2014-10-29 | issn=0303-6987 | doi=10.1111/cup.12386 | pages=816–822 | ref=none}} |
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* {{cite journal | last=Kim | first=Y.-C. | last2=Park | first2=H.-J. | last3=Cinn | first3=Y.-W. | title=Microvenular Hemangioma | journal=Dermatology | volume=206 | issue=2 | date=2003 | issn=1018-8665 | doi=10.1159/000068453 | pages=161–164 | ref=none}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* [https://www.visualdx.com/visualdx/diagnosis/microvenular+hemangioma?diagnosisId=54922&moduleId=101 VisualDx] |
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{{Medical resources |
{{Medical resources |
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| ICD11 = {{ICD11|XH9UU3}} |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|D18.0}} |
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| ICDO = {{ICDO|9120|0}} |
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| SNOMED CT = 403964007 |
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| Scholia = Q6840466 |
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{{Vascular tumors}} |
{{Vascular tumors}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Microvenular Hemangioma}} |
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[[Category:Dermal and subcutaneous growths]] |
[[Category:Dermal and subcutaneous growths]] |
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{{Dermal-growth-stub}} |
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Revision as of 01:42, 29 April 2024
| Microvenular hemangioma | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Microcapillary hemangioma[1] |
| Specialty | Oncology  |
Microvenular hemangioma is an acquired benign vascular tumor that presents as an asymptomatic, slowly growing, 0.5- to 2.0 cm reddish lesion on the forearms or other sites of young to middle-aged adults.[2] The cause of microvenular hemangioma is unknown, however it has been associated with immunosuppression.
Signs and symptoms
Microvenular hemangioma appears as slow-growing, frequently numerous lesions, erythematous, violaceous, or moderately pruriginous macules, papules, or nodules without any symptoms.[3] They usually appear on the forearm. There have also been reports of lesions on the soles of the feet, forehead, legs, and chest.[4]
Causes
Although the exact cause of microvenular hemangioma is uncertain, it has been found in certain instances during pregnancy or after changes in hormonal contraception.[5] In certain circumstances, imbalanced sex hormones could potentially be the cause.[6] Microvenular hemangioma has also been associated with immunosuppression.[7]
Diagnosis
Multiple distinct red globules are seen under a microscope, and a finely pigmented network is seen around the periphery.[8] Histologically, microvenular hemangioma is made up of venules with thin walls that branch erratically and have barely noticeable vascular lumina. The dermis's collagen bundles are thickened.[6] Pericytes envelop the endothelial cells,[9] which can exhibit a combination of plump and flat cells without pleomorphism or mitotic patterns.[10]
Immunohistochemically, an microvenular hemangioma's endothelial cells show positive staining for CD31, CD34, and factor VIII, while its pericytes show positive staining for SMA.[8][11] However, neither cell shows positive staining for podoplanin.[12]
The differential diagnosis for microvenular hemangioma includes acquired (tufted) angioma, Kaposi sarcoma, Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, and sclerosing hemangioma.[13]
Treatment
The treatment for microvenular hemangioma is surgical excision.[13]
See also
References
- ^ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
- ^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology (10th ed.). Saunders. p. 596. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6.
- ^ Xu, Xiu-Lian; Xu, Cui-Rong; Chen, Hao; Cao, Yuan-Hua; Zeng, Xue-Si; Sun, Jian-Fang; Guo, Ying (2010). "Eruptive Microvenular Hemangiomas in 4 Chinese Patients: Clinicopathologic Correlation and Review of the Literature". The American Journal of Dermatopathology. 32 (8): 837–840. doi:10.1097/DAD.0b013e3181d74290. ISSN 0193-1091.
- ^ Giacaman, A.; del Pozo, L.J.; Bauzá, A.; Saus, C. (2018). "Microvenular Hemangioma: Morphological Study of 3 Cases". Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition). 109 (4). Elsevier BV: 381–384. doi:10.1016/j.adengl.2017.06.022. ISSN 1578-2190.
- ^ Bantel, E.; Grosshans, E.; Ortonne, J. P. (1989-12-15). "[Understanding microcapillary angioma, observations in pregnant patients and in females treated with hormonal contraceptives]". Zeitschrift Fur Hautkrankheiten. 64 (12): 1071–1074. ISSN 0301-0481. PMID 2534452.
- ^ a b Ai, Dong Fang; Li, Yan; Jindal, Aikaj; Li, Ping (2014). "Multiple microvenular hemangioma: A case report". Oncology Letters. 7 (1): 275–277. doi:10.3892/ol.2013.1659. ISSN 1792-1074. PMC 3861598. PMID 24348863.
- ^ Tur-González, Raquel; González-de Arriba, Ana; Martín-López, María Rocío; Ramos-Nieto, María Luz (2015). "Hemangioma microvenular: lesión vascular benigna de patrón infiltrante. Presentación de 3 casos y revisión de la literatura". Revista Española de Patología (in Spanish). 48 (4). Elsevier BV: 203–207. doi:10.1016/j.patol.2015.07.004. ISSN 1699-8855.
- ^ a b Scalvenzi, Massimiliano; De Natale, Flora; Francia, Maria Grazia; Balato, Anna (2007). "Dermoscopy of Microvenular Hemangioma: Report of a Case". Dermatology. 215 (1). S. Karger AG: 69–71. doi:10.1159/000102038. ISSN 1018-8665.
- ^ Aloi, Filippo; Tomasini, Carlo; Pippione, Mario (1993). "Microvenular Hemangioma". The American Journal of Dermatopathology. 15 (6). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 534–538. doi:10.1097/00000372-199312000-00003. ISSN 0193-1091.
- ^ Fukunaga, Masaharu; Ushigome, Shinichiro (1998). "Microvenular hemangioma". Pathology International. 48 (3). Wiley: 237–239. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03899.x. ISSN 1320-5463.
- ^ Stefanaki, Christina; Stefanaki, Kalliopi; Floros, Konstantinos; Rontogiani, Dimitra; Georgala, Sofia (2005). "Microvenular Hemangioma: A Rare Vascular Lesion". The Journal of Dermatology. 32 (5). Wiley: 402–404. doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2005.tb00915.x. ISSN 0385-2407.
- ^ Fernandez-Flores, Angel (2008). "Lack of expression of podoplanin by microvenular hemangioma". Pathology - Research and Practice. 204 (11). Elsevier BV: 817–821. doi:10.1016/j.prp.2008.06.002. ISSN 0344-0338.
- ^ a b Mocellin, Simone (2021). "Microvenular Hemangioma". Soft Tissue Tumors. Cham: Springer International Publishing. p. 553–554. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-58710-9_173. ISBN 978-3-030-58709-3.
Further reading
- Napekoski, Karl M.; Fernandez, Anthony P.; Billings, Steven D. (2014-10-29). "Microvenular hemangioma: a clinicopathologic review of 13 cases". Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. 41 (11). Wiley: 816–822. doi:10.1111/cup.12386. ISSN 0303-6987.
- Kim, Y.-C.; Park, H.-J.; Cinn, Y.-W. (2003). "Microvenular Hemangioma". Dermatology. 206 (2): 161–164. doi:10.1159/000068453. ISSN 1018-8665.