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{{italictitle}}{{Taxobox
{{italic title}}{{Taxobox
| name = ''Nuttalliella''
| name = ''Nuttalliella namaqua''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| image = Nuttalliella namaqua.png
| image = Nuttalliella namaqua cropped.png
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = Collection and morphology of ''N. namaqua''
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Arachnid]]a
| classis = [[Arachnid]]a
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}}
}}


'''''Nuttalliella namaqua''''' is a [[tick]] found in southern [[Africa]] from [[Tanzania]] to [[Namibia]] and [[South Africa]],<ref>{{cite journal |author=James E. Keirans, Carleton M. Clifford, Harry Hoogstraal & Emmett R. Easton |title=Discovery of ''Nuttalliella namaqua'' Bedford (Acarina: Ixodoidea: Nuttalliellidae) in Tanzania and redescription of the female based on scanning electron microcopy |journal=[[Annals of the Entomological Society of America]] |volume=69 |issue=5 |year=1976 |pages=926–932 |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/aesa/1976/00000069/00000005/art00034}}</ref> which is placed in its own family, '''Nuttalliellidae'''.<ref name="list">{{cite journal |author=Alberto A. Guglielmone, Richard G. Robbins, Dmitry A. Apanaskevich, Trevor N. Petney, Agustín Estrada-Peña, Ivan G. Horak, Renfu Shao & Stephen C. Barker |year=2010 |title=The Argasidae, Ixodidae and Nuttalliellidae (Acari: Ixodida) of the world: a list of valid species names |journal=[[Zootaxa]] |volume=2528 |pages=1–28 |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2010/f/z02528p028f.pdf |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]}}</ref> It can be distinguished from [[Ixodidae|ixodid ticks]] and [[Argasidae|argasid ticks]] by a combination of characters including the position of the stigmata, lack of setae, strongly corrugated integument, and form of the fenestrated plates.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Mohamed A. Roshdy, Harry Hoogstraal, Abdulelah A. Banaja & Samir M. El Shoura |title=''Nuttalliella namaqua'' (Ixodoidea: Nuttalliellidae): spiracle structure and surface morphology |journal=[[Parasitology Research]] |volume=69 |issue=6 |year=1983 |doi=10.1007/BF00927431 |pages=817–821}}</ref> It is the most primitive living tick.<ref>http://www.ploscollections.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0023675;jsessionid=B5ED8399160D7F46A7647ADE513F5B9C.ambra01</ref>
'''''Nuttalliella namaqua''''' is a [[tick]] found in southern [[Africa]] from [[Tanzania]] to [[Namibia]] and [[South Africa]],<ref>{{cite journal |author=James E. Keirans, Carleton M. Clifford, Harry Hoogstraal & Emmett R. Easton |title=Discovery of ''Nuttalliella namaqua'' Bedford (Acarina: Ixodoidea: Nuttalliellidae) in Tanzania and redescription of the female based on scanning electron microcopy |journal=[[Annals of the Entomological Society of America]] |volume=69 |issue=5 |year=1976 |pages=926–932 |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/esa/aesa/1976/00000069/00000005/art00034}}</ref> which is placed in its own family, '''Nuttalliellidae'''.<ref name="list">{{cite journal |author=Alberto A. Guglielmone, Richard G. Robbins, Dmitry A. Apanaskevich, Trevor N. Petney, Agustín Estrada-Peña, Ivan G. Horak, Renfu Shao & Stephen C. Barker |year=2010 |title=The Argasidae, Ixodidae and Nuttalliellidae (Acari: Ixodida) of the world: a list of valid species names |journal=[[Zootaxa]] |volume=2528 |pages=1–28 |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2010/f/z02528p028f.pdf |format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF]]}}</ref> It can be distinguished from [[Ixodidae|ixodid ticks]] and [[Argasidae|argasid ticks]] by a combination of characters including the position of the stigmata, lack of setae, strongly corrugated integument, and form of the fenestrated plates.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Mohamed A. Roshdy, Harry Hoogstraal, Abdulelah A. Banaja & Samir M. El Shoura |title=''Nuttalliella namaqua'' (Ixodoidea: Nuttalliellidae): spiracle structure and surface morphology |journal=[[Parasitology Research]] |volume=69 |issue=6 |year=1983 |doi=10.1007/BF00927431 |pages=817–821}}</ref> It is the most [[basal clade|basal lineage]] of ticks.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Ben J. Mans, Daniel de Klerk, Ronel Pienaar & Abdalla A. Latif |year=2011 |title=''Nuttalliella namaqua'': a living fossil and closest relative to the ancestral tick lineage: implications for the evolution of blood-feeding in ticks |journal=[[PLoS ONE]] |volume=6 |issue=8 |page=e23675 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0023675 |url=http://www.ploscollections.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0023675}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|32em}}


{{Acari}}
{{Acari}}

Revision as of 18:34, 28 September 2011

Nuttalliella namaqua
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Arachnida
Subclass:
Acari
Superorder:
Parasitiformes
Order:
Ixodida
Family:
Nuttalliellidae

Schulze, 1935
Genus:
Nuttalliella

Bedford, 1931
Species:
N. namaqua
Binomial name
Nuttalliella namaqua
Bedford, 1931 [1]

Nuttalliella namaqua is a tick found in southern Africa from Tanzania to Namibia and South Africa,[2] which is placed in its own family, Nuttalliellidae.[3] It can be distinguished from ixodid ticks and argasid ticks by a combination of characters including the position of the stigmata, lack of setae, strongly corrugated integument, and form of the fenestrated plates.[4] It is the most basal lineage of ticks.[5]

References

  1. ^ G. A. H. Bedford (1931). "Nuttalliella namaqua, a new genus and species of tick". Parasitology. 23: 230–232. doi:10.1017/S0031182000013573.
  2. ^ James E. Keirans, Carleton M. Clifford, Harry Hoogstraal & Emmett R. Easton (1976). "Discovery of Nuttalliella namaqua Bedford (Acarina: Ixodoidea: Nuttalliellidae) in Tanzania and redescription of the female based on scanning electron microcopy". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 69 (5): 926–932.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Alberto A. Guglielmone, Richard G. Robbins, Dmitry A. Apanaskevich, Trevor N. Petney, Agustín Estrada-Peña, Ivan G. Horak, Renfu Shao & Stephen C. Barker (2010). "The Argasidae, Ixodidae and Nuttalliellidae (Acari: Ixodida) of the world: a list of valid species names" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2528: 1–28.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Mohamed A. Roshdy, Harry Hoogstraal, Abdulelah A. Banaja & Samir M. El Shoura (1983). "Nuttalliella namaqua (Ixodoidea: Nuttalliellidae): spiracle structure and surface morphology". Parasitology Research. 69 (6): 817–821. doi:10.1007/BF00927431.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Ben J. Mans, Daniel de Klerk, Ronel Pienaar & Abdalla A. Latif (2011). "Nuttalliella namaqua: a living fossil and closest relative to the ancestral tick lineage: implications for the evolution of blood-feeding in ticks". PLoS ONE. 6 (8): e23675. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023675.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)


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