Phyllanthus niruri: Difference between revisions
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==Traditional medicine== |
==Traditional medicine== |
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''P. niruri'' is an important plant of Indian [[Ayurvedic]] system of medicine which is used for problems of the stomach, genitourinary system, liver, kidney and spleen.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.040 | title = Phyllanthus amarus: Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology: A review | year = 2011 | last1 = Patel | first1 = Jay Ram | last2 = Tripathi | first2 = Priyanka | last3 = Sharma | first3 = Vikas | last4 = Chauhan | first4 = Nagendra Singh | last5 = Dixit | first5 = Vinod Kumar | journal = Journal of Ethnopharmacology | volume = 138 | issue = 2 | pages = 286–313 | pmid = 21982793}}</ref> The plant has also been used in [[Brazil]] and [[Peru]] as a supposed [[herbal remedy]] for [[kidney stones]]. A clincial study with ''Phyllanthus niruri'', indicated that it may reduce the levels of urinary [[Calcium in biology|calcium]].<ref name="pmid15221244">{{cite journal | author = Nishiura JL, Campos AH, Boim MA, Heilberg IP, Schor N | title = Phyllanthus niruri normalizes elevated urinary calcium levels in calcium stone forming (CSF) patients | journal = Urological Research | volume = 32 | issue = 5 | pages = 362–6 | year = 2004 | month = October | pmid = 15221244 | doi = 10.1007/s00240-004-0432-8}}</ref>. A subsequent |
''P. niruri'' is an important plant of Indian [[Ayurvedic]] system of medicine which is used for problems of the stomach, genitourinary system, liver, kidney and spleen.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.040 | title = Phyllanthus amarus: Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology: A review | year = 2011 | last1 = Patel | first1 = Jay Ram | last2 = Tripathi | first2 = Priyanka | last3 = Sharma | first3 = Vikas | last4 = Chauhan | first4 = Nagendra Singh | last5 = Dixit | first5 = Vinod Kumar | journal = Journal of Ethnopharmacology | volume = 138 | issue = 2 | pages = 286–313 | pmid = 21982793}}</ref> The plant has also been used in [[Brazil]] and [[Peru]] as a supposed [[herbal remedy]] for [[kidney stones]]. |
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==Western medicine== |
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A clincial study with ''Phyllanthus niruri'', indicated that it may reduce the levels of urinary [[Calcium in biology|calcium]].<ref name="pmid15221244">{{cite journal | author = Nishiura JL, Campos AH, Boim MA, Heilberg IP, Schor N | title = Phyllanthus niruri normalizes elevated urinary calcium levels in calcium stone forming (CSF) patients | journal = Urological Research | volume = 32 | issue = 5 | pages = 362–6 | year = 2004 | month = October | pmid = 15221244 | doi = 10.1007/s00240-004-0432-8}}</ref>. A subsequent study of 150 patients over a 6 month period indicated that an extract of this herb reduces the incidence of stone formation, and concluded, "Regular self-administration of P. niruri after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal stones results in an increased stone-free rate that appears statistically significant for lower caliceal location. Its efficacy and the absolute lack of side effects make this therapy suitable to improve overall outcomes after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for lower pole stones." <ref name="pmid16890682">{{cite journal | author = Micali S, Sighinolfi MC, Celia A, De Stefani S, Grande M, Cicero AF, Bianchi G | title = Can Phyllanthus niruri affect the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal stones? A randomized, prospective, long-term study. | journal = J Urol. | volume = 176| issue = 3 | pages = 1020-2 | year = 2006 | month = September| pmid = 16890682}}</ref> A more recent rat study found that "Phyllanthus niruri has been shown to interfere with many stages of stone formation, reducing crystals aggregation, modifying their structure and composition as well as altering the interaction of the crystals with tubular cells leading to reduced subsequent endocytosis." <ref name="pmid21176271">{{cite journal | author = Boim MA, Heilberg IP, Schor N. | title = Phyllanthus niruri as a promising alternative treatment for nephrolithiasis | journal = Int Braz J Urol. | volume = 36 | issue = 6 | pages = 657-64 | year = 2010 | month = December| pmid = 21176271| doi = 10.1590/S1677-55382010000600002}}</ref> It is not clear that there have been any studies which actually found that Phyllanthus niruri was effective in treating existing stones, however. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 19:16, 19 October 2012
| Chanca piedra | |
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| Species: | P. niruri
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| Binomial name | |
| Phyllanthus niruri | |
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Phyllanthus amarus | |
The annual herb Phyllanthus niruri is best known by the common names Stonebreaker or Seed-Under-Leaf (Eng.), Chanca Piedra (Sp.), Bhumyamalaki in Ayurveda, and Quebra Pedra (Port.), but has many other common names in assorted languages, including dukong anak, dukong-dukong anak, amin buah, rami buah, turi hutan, bhuiaonla, Meniran (Indonesia), കീഴാനെല്ലി (Malayalam) and கீழாநெல்லி / Keela Nelli (Tamil). The herb is known as Nela Nelli in Kannada and Nela Usiri in Telugu. It is a widespread tropical plant commonly found in coastal areas. It is a relative of the spurges, belonging to the leafflower genus of Family Phyllanthaceae.
Growth
It grows 50 to 70 centimeters tall and bears ascending herbaceous branches. The bark is smooth and light green. It bears numerous pale green flowers which are often flushed with red. The fruits are tiny, smooth capsules containing seeds.
Traditional medicine
P. niruri is an important plant of Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine which is used for problems of the stomach, genitourinary system, liver, kidney and spleen.[1] The plant has also been used in Brazil and Peru as a supposed herbal remedy for kidney stones.
Western medicine
A clincial study with Phyllanthus niruri, indicated that it may reduce the levels of urinary calcium.[2]. A subsequent study of 150 patients over a 6 month period indicated that an extract of this herb reduces the incidence of stone formation, and concluded, "Regular self-administration of P. niruri after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal stones results in an increased stone-free rate that appears statistically significant for lower caliceal location. Its efficacy and the absolute lack of side effects make this therapy suitable to improve overall outcomes after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for lower pole stones." [3] A more recent rat study found that "Phyllanthus niruri has been shown to interfere with many stages of stone formation, reducing crystals aggregation, modifying their structure and composition as well as altering the interaction of the crystals with tubular cells leading to reduced subsequent endocytosis." [4] It is not clear that there have been any studies which actually found that Phyllanthus niruri was effective in treating existing stones, however.
References
- ^ Patel, Jay Ram; Tripathi, Priyanka; Sharma, Vikas; Chauhan, Nagendra Singh; Dixit, Vinod Kumar (2011). "Phyllanthus amarus: Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology: A review". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 138 (2): 286–313. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.040. PMID 21982793.
- ^ Nishiura JL, Campos AH, Boim MA, Heilberg IP, Schor N (2004). "Phyllanthus niruri normalizes elevated urinary calcium levels in calcium stone forming (CSF) patients". Urological Research. 32 (5): 362–6. doi:10.1007/s00240-004-0432-8. PMID 15221244.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Micali S, Sighinolfi MC, Celia A, De Stefani S, Grande M, Cicero AF, Bianchi G (2006). "Can Phyllanthus niruri affect the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for renal stones? A randomized, prospective, long-term study". J Urol. 176 (3): 1020–2. PMID 16890682.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Boim MA, Heilberg IP, Schor N. (2010). "Phyllanthus niruri as a promising alternative treatment for nephrolithiasis". Int Braz J Urol. 36 (6): 657–64. doi:10.1590/S1677-55382010000600002. PMID 21176271.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
External links
- Bhuiaonla (Phyllanthus niruri): A Useful Medicinal Weed
- Medicinal Uses
- Tropical Plant Database
- Calixto JB, Yunes RA, Neto AS, Valle RM, Rae GA (1984). "Antispasmodic effects of an alkaloid extracted from Phyllanthus sellowianus: a comparative study with papaverine". Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. 17 (3–4): 313–21. PMID 6529614.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)