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{{Infobox planet
#REDIRECT [[List of minor planets: 3001–4000#996]]
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 3996 Fugaku
| background = #FFFFC0
| image =
| caption =
| discovery_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| discovered = 5 December 1988
| discoverer = [[Masaru Arai|M. Arai]]<br />[[Hiroshi Mori (astronomer)|H. Mori]]
| discovery_site = [[Yorii Observatory|Yorii Obs.]]
| mp_name = 3996 Fugaku
| alt_names = {{mp|1988 XG|1}}{{·}}1939 FZ<br />1957 TB{{·}}{{mp|1981 SO|5}}<br />{{mp|1981 UM|16}}
| pronounced =
| named_after = [[Mount Fuji]] {{small|(Japan)}}<ref name="springer" />
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]{{·}}[[Flora family|Flora]]&thinsp;<ref name="lcdb" />
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| epoch = 16 February 2017 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2457800.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = {{nowrap|77.64 yr (28,358 days)}}
| aphelion = 2.4940 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| perihelion = 2.0249 AU
| semimajor = 2.2594 AU
| eccentricity = 0.1038
| period = 3.40 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1,240 days)
| mean_anomaly = 280.34[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2902|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 2.2841°
| asc_node = 90.763°
| arg_peri = 156.32°
| dimensions = {{val|5.151|0.074}} km<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|5.231|0.032}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|5.88|1.10}} km<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />5.40 km {{small|(calculated)}}<ref name="lcdb" />
| rotation = {{val|7.1912|0.0016}} [[Hour|h]]<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />
| albedo = {{val|0.420|0.066}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|0.4086|0.0152}}<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|0.34|0.17}}<ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />0.24 {{small|(assumed)}}<ref name="lcdb" />
| spectral_type = [[S-type asteroid|S]]&thinsp;<ref name="lcdb" />
| abs_magnitude = 13.0<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Nugent-2015" /><br />{{val|13.055|0.003}} {{small|(R)}}<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><br />13.5<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|13.57|0.25}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />
}}


'''3996 Fugaku''', provisional designation {{mp|1988 XG|1}}, is a stony Florian [[asteroid]] from the inner regions of the [[asteroid belt]], approximately 5.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 December 1988, by Japanese amateur astronomers [[Masaru Arai]] and [[Hiroshi Mori (astronomer)|Hiroshi Mori]] at [[Yorii Observatory]] in central Japan.<ref name="MPC-Fugaku" />
{{NASTRO comment}}

The [[S-type asteroid|S-type]] asteroid is a member of the [[Flora family]], one of the largest groups of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.0–2.5&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 3 years and 5 months (1,240 days). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.10 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 2[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" /> ''Fugaku'' was first identified as {{mpf|1939 FZ}} at [[Turku Observatory]] in 1939, extending the asteroid's [[observation arc]] by 49 years prior to its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-Fugaku" />

In March 210, a rotational [[light-curve]] of ''Fugaku'' was obtained from photometric observations at the [[Palomar Transient Factory]] in California. It gave a [[rotation period]] of 7.1912 hours with a change in brightness of 0.86 [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2]]}}).<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />

According to the survey carried out by NASA's [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]] with its subsequent [[NEOWISE]] mission, ''Fugaku'' measures between 5.15 and 5.88 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an [[astronomical albedo|albedo]] between 0.34 and 0.42.<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Nugent-2015" /> The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from [[8&nbsp;Flora]], the largest member and namesake of this family – and calculates a diameter of 5.40 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 13.5.<ref name="lcdb" />

''Fugaku'' is named for an ancient name of [[Mount Fuji]], Japan's highest mountain and a a well-known symbol. Another minor planet, [[1584 Fuji]], is also named for this mountain.<ref name="springer" /> Naming citation was published on 4 May 1999 ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 34619}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />

== References ==
{{reflist
|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type = 2016-11-05 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 3996 Fugaku (1988 XG1)
|url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2003996
|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|accessdate = 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (3996) Fugaku
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|page = 340
|date = 2007
|url = http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_3981
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|accessdate = 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-Fugaku">{{cite web
|title = 3996 Fugaku (1988 XG1)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=3996
|accessdate = 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web
|title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|accessdate = 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Masiero-2011">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = T. |last3 = Grav
|first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey
|first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt
|first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan
|first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr
|first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie
|first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen
|first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker
|first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright
|first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun
|first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury
|first16 = T., IV |last16 = Gautier
|first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion
|first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins
|date = November 2011
|title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 741
|issue = 2
|page = 20
|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68
|arxiv = 1109.4096
|access-date= 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
|title = LCDB Data for (3996) Fugaku
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=3996%7CFugaku
|accessdate = 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer
|first2 = T. |last2 = Grav
|first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero
|first4 = E. |last4 = Hand
|first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer
|first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen
|first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan
|first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr
|first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri
|first10 = E. |last10 = Wright
|first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins
|first12 = W. |last12 = Mo
|first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski
|date = November 2011
|title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results
|url = http://arxiv.org/pdf/1109.6407v1.pdf
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 741
|issue = 2
|page = 25
|bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90
|arxiv = 1109.6407
|access-date= 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Nugent-2015">{{Cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent
|first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero
|first4 = J. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = T. |last6 = Grav
|first7 = E. |last7 = Kramer
|first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett
|first9 = R. |last9 = Stevenson
|first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright
|date = December 2015
|title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal
|volume = 814
|issue = 2
|page = 13
|bibcode = 2015ApJ...814..117N
|doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117
|access-date= 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Waszczak-2015">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Adam |last1 = Waszczak
|first2 = Chan-Kao |last2 = Chang
|first3 = Eran O. |last3 = Ofek
|first4 = Russ |last4 = Laher
|first5 = Frank |last5 = Masci
|first6 = David |last6 = Levitan
|first7 = Jason |last7 = Surace
|first8 = Yu-Chi |last8 = Cheng
|first9 = Wing-Huen |last9 = Ip
|first10 = Daisuke |last10 = Kinoshita
|first11 = George |last11 = Helou
|first12 = Thomas A. |last12 = Prince
|first13 = Shrinivas |last13 = Kulkarni
|date = September 2015
|title = Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015AJ....150...75W
|journal = The Astronomical Journal
|volume = 150
|issue = 3
|page = 35
|bibcode = 2015AJ....150...75W
|doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75
|arxiv = 1504.04041
|access-date= 3 January 2017}}</ref>

<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres
|first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke
|first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons
|first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau
|first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik
|first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin
|first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel
|first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat
|first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett
|first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers
|first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling
|first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser
|first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier
|first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan
|first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price
|first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry
|first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters
|date = November 2015
|title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V
|journal = Icarus
|volume = 261
|pages = 34–47
|bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V
|doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007
|arxiv = 1506.00762
|access-date= 3 January 2017}}</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info])
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{JPL small body}}

{{Minor planets navigator|3995 Sakaino |number=3996 |3997 Taga}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Fugaku}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fugaku}}
[[Category:Minor planet redirects|3996 Fugaku]]
[[Category:Flora asteroids|003996]]
[[Category:Main-belt asteroids|003996]]
[[Category:Numbered minor planets|003996]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Masaru Arai]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Hiroshi Mori]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for places]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for places]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1988|19881205]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1988|19881205]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Masaru Arai]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Hiroshi Mori]]

Revision as of 02:09, 3 January 2017

3996 Fugaku
Discovery [1]
Discovered byM. Arai
H. Mori
Discovery siteYorii Obs.
Discovery date5 December 1988
Designations
3996 Fugaku
Named after
Mount Fuji (Japan)[2]
1988 XG1 · 1939 FZ
1957 TB · 1981 SO5
1981 UM16
main-belt · Flora [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 16 February 2017 (JD 2457800.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc77.64 yr (28,358 days)
Aphelion2.4940 AU
Perihelion2.0249 AU
2.2594 AU
Eccentricity0.1038
3.40 yr (1,240 days)
280.34°
0° 17m 24.72s / day
Inclination2.2841°
90.763°
156.32°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions5.151±0.074 km[4]
5.231±0.032 km[5]
5.88±1.10 km[6]
5.40 km (calculated)[3]
7.1912±0.0016 h[7]
0.420±0.066[4]
0.4086±0.0152[5]
0.34±0.17[6]
0.24 (assumed)[3]
S [3]
13.0[1][5][6]
13.055±0.003 (R)[7]
13.5[3]
13.57±0.25[8]

3996 Fugaku, provisional designation 1988 XG1, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 5.5 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 5 December 1988, by Japanese amateur astronomers Masaru Arai and Hiroshi Mori at Yorii Observatory in central Japan.[9]

The S-type asteroid is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest groups of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.0–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 5 months (1,240 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] Fugaku was first identified as 1939 FZ at Turku Observatory in 1939, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 49 years prior to its official discovery observation.[9]

In March 210, a rotational light-curve of Fugaku was obtained from photometric observations at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. It gave a rotation period of 7.1912 hours with a change in brightness of 0.86 magnitude (U=2).[7]

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Fugaku measures between 5.15 and 5.88 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.34 and 0.42.[4][5][6] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of this family – and calculates a diameter of 5.40 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 13.5.[3]

Fugaku is named for an ancient name of Mount Fuji, Japan's highest mountain and a a well-known symbol. Another minor planet, 1584 Fuji, is also named for this mountain.[2] Naming citation was published on 4 May 1999 (M.P.C. 34619).[10]

References

  1. ^ a b c d "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 3996 Fugaku (1988 XG1)" (2016-11-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  2. ^ a b Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (3996) Fugaku. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 340. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "LCDB Data for (3996) Fugaku". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  4. ^ a b c Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 3 January 2017.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ a b c d Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  6. ^ a b c d Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  7. ^ a b c Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  8. ^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  9. ^ a b "3996 Fugaku (1988 XG1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
  10. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
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